The Effect of Adding Organic Residues, and Foliar Spray with Boron and Zinc on Some Soil Characters, Fruitlets Ratio, and Some Fruit Qualitative Traits in Starking delicious Apple Cultivar in Sweida

The study was carried out in apple orchard and at the laboratories of Agricultural Scientific Research Center, and Pome and Grapevine Division in Sweida (GCSAR), Syria, during the growing seasons of 2015 and 2016 to study the effect of organic residues, and boron and zinc addition on some soil characters, fruit set ratio and some fruits qualitative traits in Starking delicious apple cultivar in Sweida.

Toxicity of Pruning Residue Ash for Apple, Grape and Olive Against Cowpea Seed Beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) under Laboratory Conditions

Ash toxicity of burning pruning residues of three plant species i.e. apple, grape and olive was tested against adults of cowpea seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera, Bruchidae) using the following concentrations: (5, 10, 20, 40 and 80) g/kg of cowpea seed. The study was carried out in incubator at fixed temperature and humidity at Biotechnology Research Center, Al-baath University. Readings were taken after (24, 48 and 72) h of treatment, and corrected mortality rates were calculated and values of LC50, LC90, LT50 and LT90.

Main Economic Characters of Production of Non-Irrigated Apples and Grapes in Syria

The objective of this study was to study the economic characteristics of non-irrigated apples and grapes in Syria. The study depended on published and unpublished data from Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, during the period 2000 – 2014. The data is related to the cultivated area, production costs and prices. Certain economic indicators (net income, profitability of invested SP), as well as the most important marketing indicators (marketing share, marketing margin, marketing efficiency) were estimated, to clarify the progress in the marketing process of these important crops in Syria, because the farmers are still suffered from increasing production costs and decline in their share of the price that had been paid by end consumers, in addition to their inability to sell their production.

Optimizing growth conditions of probiotic strain Lactobacillus casei in apple juice

The study investigated the survival ability of probiotic Lactobacillus casei in apple juice to produce functional juice ,as well as, optimizing the growth conditions of L.casei in apple juice including concentration, temperature ,inoculum size using Response Surface Methodology as statistical method.

Effect of Rootstock Growth Strong in Vegetative growth at Elemental Nitrogen and Phosphorus for Golden Delicious Cultivar Apple

The study was performed over the years (2014٬2015) in Barshin Research Station- General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research on the trees age of 15 in grafted with Golden Delicious Cultivar on two rootstocks, strong: seeds ( Malus domestica) and half strong (vegetative Malling-Merton "MM111"). The study focused on the effect of the original on the concentration of each of the elements (N-P) in the leaves and branches of the Golden delicious Cultivar grafted on those rootstocks.

Antioxidants activity and bioactive compounds in by-products of apple juice

In this research, the antioxidant capacity(DPPH method), and total phenolic content (assayed by Folin-Ciocalteu method), ,flavonoids, anthocyanins (pH differential method) and ascorbic acids(2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol) in three fruit tissues (peel, pulp and whole fruit), of four apple cultivars commonly in Syria(Red Delicious, Rome Beauty, Starking Delicious, Golden Delicious), were studied.

Detection of Genetic Variation in Malus communis Mother Fields and Within Their Seedlings Using SSR Technique

This investigation was conducted at Pome and grapevine Division in Sweida, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research (GCSAR), and at Ira Agricultural Nursery, during 2011 and 2012 seasons, to detect the genetic variation among five apple seedling genotypes in Mafaala Malus communis fields, and within the seedlings produced from them, using 10 SSR primer pairs.

Determination the Optimal Harvest Date for Some Apple Varieties under Swieda Conditions

This investigation was carried out in the fields and laboratories of Pome and Grapevine Department, GCSAR/Syria, on some apple varieties i.e. Richared, Mutsu and Tourly Winsap to determine the optimal harvest date and its effect on storability. Fruits were harvested in (16/9, 26/9, 7/10, 17/10 and 30/10) depending on physical and chemical maturity indicators, and stored with the study of changing in quality indicators and weight lost monthly. The results showed that the studied varieties differed in their storability according to harvest date, Richared fruits in 26/9 showed long storage for seven months with weight loss of 4.9%, fruit firmness 6.4 kg/cm2, and 18.7% TSS. While the storability was six months for Mutsu fruits which harvested in 7/10 with weight loss of 4.4%, and fruit firmness 6.1 kg/cm2, and finally, Tourly Winsap fruits which were stored for five months in 7 and 17/10 harvest dates with fruit firmness 5.1 kg/cm2. Moreover, the three varieties were able to storage for three months when harvested in 30/10 with weight loss of 3.3%, 4.4% and 4.5% in Tourly Winsap, Richared and Mutsu respectively, which considered as consuming maturity for these varieties. These results indicated to the various storage periods according to fruits harvest time, and the storability, which assists in regulating offer and demand, and providing markets with fruits for long period, however harvesting at optimal time reducing the total weight loss, in addition to high quality indicators.

Comparative btween traditional and modern methods that using in classification Saccharomyces cerevisiae which isolated from apple juice concentrate

This research was conducted at the Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and National commission for posterity energy. Twenty kg of apple juice concentrate (70%) were tooked from company of Natural Aljabal Juice from AL-suidaa Governorate and prarerd two concentarate (15% and 35%) by using distilled –sterlization water according to pirson .

Competitiveness of Syrian Apple Exports

The aim of this research was to analyze the current structure of Syrian apple exports, and highlighting the relative advantage of this crop and its competitive position on the markets of the key importing countries of Syrian apples. The analysis was based on secondary data published by FAO during 2000-2013. Descriptive statistical analyses were used, in addition to estimates of time trend equations to identify the evolution in quantity, value and price of both Syrian apple exports and imports, and to determine certain indicators of export competitiveness, besides to applicate the linear programming model for optimal distribution of Syrian apple exports.