This research was carried out through the 2012-2013 season on 10 years old, grafted on the rootstock B41,grapevines of Al-Hulwani cultivar. Three levels (10,20,40 t/ha) of organic fertilizers of cow, sheep plus and poultry were used, in addition to
three treatments from mixture of this levels (3.33,6.66,13.32 t/ha) for one type of the fertilizers. The research also included three treatments from mixture of mineral fertilization with (N,P,K) at the rate (1:1:1) by using urea 46%, super phosphate 46% and potassium sulphate 50% in three levels (100-200-400 kg/ha), in addition to the control without fertilization, to study their effects on Some quantitative and qualitative Characteristics of the grapevine cultivar Al-Hulwani. The results showed the following:
The use of organic and mineral fertilization gave in all levels and types superiority in all studied characteristics compared to the control.
Most levels of organic fertilization and its treatments are superior to mineral fertilization in all studied characteristics.
The first level of sheep plus (10 kg/ha) gave the better results in weight of cluster and quantity of product, but the first level of poultry gave the better results in weight of 100 fruits.
The use of organic manure was with positive effect on fruits color and was superior to mineral fertilization.
The yield/vine increased significantly from 65.77kg/vine to 118.5 and 97.8kg/vine when the low level of sheep puls the mixture of the medium levels of mineral fertilizers were used.
This research was carried out to study the effect of summer pruning on the growth and production of two grape varieties Vitis vivifera L. Halwani and Baladdi. The study was conducted in Kadmous during 2012 growing season on two varieties of grape tre
es reared on wiredraw. Seven treatments were used: 1- control, 2- shoot thinning, 3- shoot thinning and hedging, 4- shoot thinning and axillary shoot removal, 5- shoot thinning and axillary shoot removal, 6- shoot thinning and axillary shoot removal and leaf removal, 7- shoot thinning and leaf removal.
Results show that hedging improves weight of cluster and berry due to the increase in fruit set percentage which leads to an increase in grape production. Shoot thinning increases TSS yet other processes have negative effects: the hedging process increases acid titration in the Baladdi cultivar but in the Halwani cultivar hedging and axillary shoot removal increases acid titration.
The trial was carried out during the season 2014, on grapevines
of Al-Baladi. Al Baladi, 20 years old, grafted onto rootstock, and trained in the trellis way, to study the influence of different levels of 4 times/season soil applied seaweed extract , on some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Al-Baladi grapes.
Adding the sifting meals of the terebinth and grape seeds to wheat flour mixtures
caused increasing in fibers content , and decreasing in ash content ,meanwhile the protein
percentage remained steady , except the highest percentages (10 , 15 % ) .
Also the (10,15%) percentages adding caused a slight reducing in gluten quality as
showed by related tests : (fermentation time test , SDS test , moisture gluten test )
Also the adding of tested meals caused improvement in baking quality (loaf weight
during baking and during cooling) , also improvement the sensory properties of produced
bread significantly comparing with control sample.
On the other hand , 10 and 15 percentages of grape seed meal adding caused
reducing in sensory properties of produced bread.
Finally , the determined results related with rheological properties tested by Mixolap
apparatus showed improvement in thermal stability of starch enzymatic activity
comparing with control sample , meanwhile the other tested properties didn't affected at the
same level of addition .
In this study, the effect of different concentrations of sodium chloride
(NaCl) (0, 50, 100, 150 mM) on some physiological characteristics and some
growth indicators of SO4 grape rootstock propagated in vitro was studied at the
laboratories of Gen
eral Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research
(GCSAR), Damascus/Syria. Results indicated that the increase of NaCl
concentration up to 100 mM in culture medium led to reduce the growth
indicators (survival plants, average of the plant length and average number of
buds) with significant differences when compared with the control plants after
4 weeks from culturing on multiplication media, while treatment with 150 mM
of sodium chloride led to death of all plants. Using the concentrations 50 and
100 mM of NaCl also caused decreasing the total chlorophyll content in the
leaves.
This study was conducted for two successive seasons 2010 and 2011 in the
vine nursery in the governorate of Homs/Syria to evaluate the degree of
grafting success between the two partners to create graft combinations in early
stage of grafting and
to select the most compatible rootstock for our local
studied cultivars. Three grapevines of local cultivars (Halawani, Baladi and
Bayadi) were grafted on four different American rootstocks (Ru140, B41,
Fercal and SO4) using bench grafting by omega machine.
This investigation was conducted on Ru140 grape rootstock at the General
Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus with the
aim of in vitro vegetatively micropropagation using some plant growth
regulators on multiplication
and rooting to determine the best combinations
and concentrations of plant growth regulators that result in the best
multiplication rate, and best rooting crekeria (rate and roots number and
length). Results demonstrated that, the best medium for in vitro
micropropagation of the studied rootstock was the modified MS medium
supplemented with 4.44 μM BA + 0.49 μM IBA with multiplication rate of 7.72
new shoots every 4 weeks, and shoots lengt of 5.54 cm. These shoots were
transferred for 4 weeks to among elongation medium containing the same
medium with the addition of Kinetine at a concentration of 2.22 μM instead of
BA which led to a shoot elongation rate of 7.87 cm, then these shoots were
transferred to rooting medium for rooting, It was shown that using auxin IBA
at a concentration of 4.44 μM resulted at the highest rate of rooting (87%) with
the largest number of roots (7.56) when using the auxin IBA concentration μM
4.44 compared with the rest of other transactions and with the control as well.
However, The highest length of roots (6.29 cm) was observed on medim
contained lower IBA concentration (2.22 μM). Rooted Plants were acclimatized
gradually to ex vitro conditions with 70 % efficiency.
This current study was carried out on B41 grape rootstock
micropropagated in vitro at the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural
Research (GCSAR), Syria to study the effect of different concentrations of
sodium chloride on the multiplicati
on and rooting stages. The results showed
that the highest average of survival plants (98%), the number of new buds
(8.43) and plant length (8.58 cm) were obtained in the control treatment after 4
weeks from multiplication stage. The treatment with 50 mM of sodium chloride
led to reduce the multiplication rates with significant differences, while the
lowest plant multiplication had occurred with 100 mM of sodium chloride and
no survival plants were remained by the treatment with 150 mM of sodium
chloride during multiplication stage. The highest rooting rates (% 85.30), the
number of roots (4.67) and root length (6.28 cm) were also obtained in the
control treatment after 4 weeks from rooting stage. The treatment with 50 mM
of sodium chloride led to reduce the rooting process with significant
differences. The lowest rooting results were observed with 100 mM of sodium
chloride and no rooting rate was observed when plants were treated with 150
mM of sodium chloride.
This research was conducted at the Agriculture Faculty, Damascus
university to determine some factors affecting rooting of some grape rootstocks
(B41, Ru140, SO4) by hardwood cutting during two subsequent seasons. The
results showed that Rooting p
ercentage ranged between 50 to 65%. with
significant differences between tested rootstocks. The highest rooting
percentage was obtained on B41 rootstock reached 65.47% followed by SO4
and then by Ru140 which gave the lowest percentage 50.44%. The treatment
with hormone IBA increased rooting proportion and all the parameters
(number and length of root, number of leaves and shoot length) were
significantly higher than parallel parameters of the control. The storage of
cuttings at 4°C for 50 days increased significantly proportion of rooting and
number of roots compared with the storage under field condition. There were
significant differences among dates of planting where the third date (mid
February) showed superiority in all parameters studied over other dates. The
cuttings from basal and middle of annual growth gave a significant superiority
in the average root length (5.26–4.32 cm, successively) compared to the
terminal cuttings while there was no significant effect to the cuttings position on
rooting proportion.
Grape Vitis Vinifera L. var. "Baladi" was fumigated with acetic acid at two
concentrations 75 and 100 %, during two successive seasons 2008/2009, to study
their effect comparing of sulfur dioxide pads and control. However, Sulfur
dioxide pads were
packed in 40 μm polyethylene bags thickness at two
concentrations 1 and 1.5 g/ kg fruit. All treatments were stored at 0 ± 1 Cº and
90-95% RH for three months, in cooling units of pome and vine research
department in Swaida. Chemical and physical properties were assessed every
15 days intervals, and in every time shelf life was measured for three days at
room temperature and calculated as total loss %. Acetic acid treatment effected
as well as or better than sulfur dioxide pads during cold storage. Which, acetic
acid fumigation decreased weight loss %, decay % and berry shatter %,
moreover, berry adherence strength (g) and berry firmness (kg/cm2) were
increased, but T.S.S %, total acidity % and sugars % have not significant
differences comparing to sulfur dioxide fumigation and control. In addition to
that, the application of acetic acid increased shelf life in days by decreasing
total loss %; also this treatment improved some sensory properties and was
satisfied for consumer demand.
