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The Effect of Adding Organic Residues, and Foliar Spray with Boron and Zinc on Some Soil Characters, Fruitlets Ratio, and Some Fruit Qualitative Traits in Starking delicious Apple Cultivar in Sweida

تأثير إضافة المخلفات العضوية و الرش الورقي بالبورون و الزنك في بعض خصائص التربة و معدل العقد و الصفات النوعية لثمار التفاح في الصنف ستاركنج ديلشس (Delicious Starking) في محافظة السويداء

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 Publication date 2018
  fields Soil And Water
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The study was carried out in apple orchard and at the laboratories of Agricultural Scientific Research Center, and Pome and Grapevine Division in Sweida (GCSAR), Syria, during the growing seasons of 2015 and 2016 to study the effect of organic residues, and boron and zinc addition on some soil characters, fruit set ratio and some fruits qualitative traits in Starking delicious apple cultivar in Sweida.


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Research summary
تأثير إضافة المخلفات العضوية والرش الورقي بالبورون والزنك في بعض خصائص التربة ومعدل العقد والصفات النوعية لثمار التفاح في الصنف ستاركنج ديلشس (Starking Delicious) في محافظة السويداء. أظهرت نتائج البحث أن إضافة المخلفات العضوية والرش الورقي بالبورون والزنك ساهم في تحسين خصائص التربة من خلال خفض درجة الحموضة وزيادة نسبة المادة العضوية. كما زادت نسبة البورون والزنك في التربة بشكل معنوي. أظهرت النتائج فروقاً معنوية في معدل العقد بين المعاملات المختلفة، حيث كانت أعلى نسبة للعقد عند إضافة المخلفات العضوية والرش الورقي بالبورون والزنك معاً. كما زاد وزن الثمار وحجمها وصلابتها ونسبة المواد الصلبة الذائبة والسكريات الكلية في المعاملات التي أضيفت لها المخلفات العضوية والرش الورقي بالبورون والزنك. بالمقابل، كانت نسبة الحموضة القابلة للمعايرة أعلى في معاملة الشاهد. تشير النتائج إلى أهمية استخدام المخلفات العضوية والرش الورقي بالبورون والزنك في تحسين خصائص التربة وزيادة الإنتاجية وتحسين جودة الثمار.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: على الرغم من أن الدراسة قدمت نتائج مهمة حول تأثير المخلفات العضوية والرش الورقي بالبورون والزنك على خصائص التربة وإنتاجية التفاح، إلا أن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، لم يتم توضيح الآلية الدقيقة التي تؤثر بها هذه المعاملات على خصائص التربة والنبات بشكل كافٍ. ثانياً، كان من الأفضل تضمين دراسة اقتصادية لتقييم تكلفة وفوائد استخدام هذه المعاملات مقارنة بالأساليب التقليدية. ثالثاً، يمكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر شمولية إذا تم تضمين تأثير هذه المعاملات على البيئة المحيطة وعلى صحة الإنسان. وأخيراً، كان من الممكن توسيع نطاق الدراسة ليشمل أصناف أخرى من التفاح أو محاصيل زراعية أخرى للحصول على نتائج أكثر تنوعاً وشمولية.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو تأثير إضافة المخلفات العضوية على خصائص التربة؟

    إضافة المخلفات العضوية ساهمت في خفض درجة الحموضة وزيادة نسبة المادة العضوية في التربة.

  2. كيف أثر الرش الورقي بالبورون والزنك على معدل العقد في التفاح؟

    الرش الورقي بالبورون والزنك زاد من معدل العقد بشكل معنوي مقارنة بمعاملة الشاهد.

  3. ما هي الصفات النوعية التي تحسنت في ثمار التفاح نتيجة للمعاملات المختلفة؟

    تحسنت صلابة الثمار، نسبة المواد الصلبة الذائبة، والسكريات الكلية في ثمار التفاح نتيجة للمعاملات المختلفة.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة بناءً على النتائج؟

    توصي الدراسة بإضافة المخلفات العضوية المتخمرة إلى التربة والرش الورقي بحمض البوريك وكبريتات الزنك معاً في بساتين التفاح.


References used
AL-Imam, N.; M.A.A. Abd-Alrahman; and M.A. Al-Brifkany (2010). Effect of nitrogen, fertilizers and foliar application of boron on fruit set, vegetative growth and yield of Anna apple cultivar (Malus domestica Borkh). Mesopotamia J. of Agric., 38 (4): 12-22
Al Sahaf, F.h.; and A.S. Atee (2007). Potato productivity by organic farming 3-effect of organic fertilizer and whey on plant growth, yield and tubers quality characteristics. The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 38(4):65-82
Ano, A.O. ; and J.A. Agwu (2006). Effect of animal manures on selected soil properties: II. Nitrogen, Potassium and Phosphorus. Nig. J. Soil Sci., 16:145-150
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This study was carried out at the Agricultural Scientific Research center In Sweida - GCSAR to study the effect of potassium sulfate and organic manure on some of soil characteristic in addition to tree growth vigor and fruit traits of Starking del icious apple cultivar. The results revealed significant effect in reducing the (pH) of the soil in the three treatments; potassium sulfate fertilization, organic manure fertilization and application of potassium sulfate and organic manure together which were (6.608), (6.708) and (6.558), respectively, in the comparison with the control (6.768). In addition, significant differences were shown in the (EC) between the former treatments (0.1532 ds / m), (0.1692 ds / m) and (0.0937 ds / m) compared to the control (0.2217 ds / m). Concerning growth vigor and fuit traits, the results showed a significant increase in the average of shoot length in the previous treatments (66.43, 77.33 and 71.37 cm, respectively), compared to the control (59.37 cm), while showed a significant increase in leaf area in organic manure treatment and potassium sulfate with organic manure together (35.54 and 37.21 cm 2, respectively), compared to the control (30.54 cm 2). The results of analysis of variance in fruit firmness showed higher significant variation of potassium treatment (8.477 kg / cm 2) than the other treatments which, also revealed significant increase of total soluble solids (16.82%,15.2% and15.37%,respectively) compared to the control (14.23%), and a significant increase in total sugars and in percentage of treatable acidity. Consequently, the result showed that the addition of soil fertilizers treatment contributed to improve some of soil characters, tree growth vigor and some of the quantitative and qualitative traits of apple fruits.
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