Human evaluation for summarization tasks is reliable but brings in issues of reproducibility and high costs. Automatic metrics are cheap and reproducible but sometimes poorly correlated with human judgment. In this work, we propose flexible semiautom
atic to automatic summary evaluation metrics, following the Pyramid human evaluation method. Semi-automatic Lite2Pyramid retains the reusable human-labeled Summary Content Units (SCUs) for reference(s) but replaces the manual work of judging SCUs' presence in system summaries with a natural language inference (NLI) model. Fully automatic Lite3Pyramid further substitutes SCUs with automatically extracted Semantic Triplet Units (STUs) via a semantic role labeling (SRL) model. Finally, we propose in-between metrics, Lite2.xPyramid, where we use a simple regressor to predict how well the STUs can simulate SCUs and retain SCUs that are more difficult to simulate, which provides a smooth transition and balance between automation and manual evaluation. Comparing to 15 existing metrics, we evaluate human-metric correlations on 3 existing meta-evaluation datasets and our newly collected PyrXSum (with 100/10 XSum examples/systems). It shows that Lite2Pyramid consistently has the best summary-level correlations; Lite3Pyramid works better than or comparable to other automatic metrics; Lite2.xPyramid trades off small correlation drops for larger manual effort reduction, which can reduce costs for future data collection.
Humor detection and rating poses interesting linguistic challenges to NLP; it is highly subjective depending on the perceptions of a joke and the context in which it is used. This paper utilizes and compares transformers models; BERT base and Large,
BERTweet, RoBERTa base and Large, and RoBERTa base irony, for detecting and rating humor and offense. The proposed models, where given a text in cased and uncased type obtained from SemEval-2021 Task7: HaHackathon: Linking Humor and Offense Across Different Age Groups. The highest scored model for the first subtask: Humor Detection, is BERTweet base cased model with 0.9540 F1-score, for the second subtask: Average Humor Rating Score, it is BERT Large cased with the minimum RMSE of 0.5555, for the fourth subtask: Average Offensiveness Rating Score, it is BERTweet base cased model with minimum RMSE of 0.4822.
The study aimed at investigating the degree of commitment of the trainee students to
teaching profession's ethics from the perspectives of the cooperating teachers at Al al-Bayt
University: A 32- item questionnaire was built and distributed to (83)
female classroom
teachers. The study's main question stated as follows: what is the degree of commitment of
trainee students' to teaching profession ethics from the cooperative teacher's points of view.
The statistical treatments of the data showed a high commitment of trainee students to
teaching profession's ethics in all six domains according to cooperative classroom teachers'
points of view.
This research aims at determining the degree of application of kindergarten principals in
Jableh city of the Educational accountability and its relation with the level of job satisfaction
from the point of teachers view, and studying whether there
is a statistic relationship between
the degree of application of kindergarten principals in Jableh city of the Educational
accountability and the level of job satisfaction from the point of teachers view.
In order to achieve the goals of this research, a questionnaire was built and distributed
over (80) kindergarten teachers through Jableh city. There were received (79) questionnaires
back of the total number distributed.
According to the received questionnaires and depending on suitable statistics methods.
The following results were concluded:
1- The degree of application of kindergarten principals in Jableh city of the Educational
accountability is medium from the point of teacher's view.
2- The level of job satisfaction for kindergarten principals in Jableh city is medium from
the point of teacher's view.
3- - There is a good positive relationship of a statistic indication of (a=0.05) between the
degree of application of kindergarten principals in Jableh city of the Educational accountability
and the level of job satisfaction from the point of teacher's view.
The research recommends:
1- The necessity of the directorate of education to hold training courses and seminars for
the kindergarten principals how to apply the educational accountability in the kindergarten,
and how to raise the level of job satisfaction among the kindergarten staff.
2- Encouraging the kindergarten staff by the kindergarten principals to plan recreational
programs and hold concerts from time to time in order to develop social ties among them.
3- The principals are keen to give the teachers financial incentives to achieve their job
and thus be a catalyst for more work and giving.
In this paper defined important expressions, a
remembered important theorem which we need , approved
essential theorem to be exist non trivial Holomorphically
projective mapping between Kahlerian spaces.
Finally we specified Kahlerian spaces which have
maximum degree of variance parabolically – Kahlerian
spaces.
This paper discuss the Laser induced breakdown
spectroscopy (LIBS) by using Nd:YAG which is a high energy
pulsed Laser . The laser radiation is focused on solid targets which
are samples of red Copper (99.5%). Most important Plasma
parameters which are electron temperature and density was
measured.
The goal of the current research know the degree of the exercise of basic education
teachers performing competencies from the point of view of the managers of the first
schools in the city of Latakia. To achieve the goal of the search designed rese
archer
identify composed of (37) distributed on 6 competencies. The researcher used the
descriptive approach analytical work, the research sample consisted of (39), teachers of
schools in the first episode. The research found the following results: the degree of the
exercise of basic education teachers competencies implementation of the lesson, calendar
and promote learning, the use of educational materials, the teaching methods and the
design of educational activities, were medium. . While the exercise of questions classroom
instruction, management were high-grade. In addition, the study indicated that there was
no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the sample due to the
gender variable and variable experience
The existence of statistically significant differences between the average scores of
the sample on the questionnaire of competencies attributed to the variable of the academic
qualification (secondary, university, and deepening educational qualification) for the
benefit of the managers of the university certificate and deepen the educational
qualification.
The research was carried out at Tal Hedya Research Center in Aleppo, General
Commission for Agriculture Scientific Research (GCSAR), Syria, during 2011
and 2012 seasons. Seven genotypes of cotton were used, and complete diallel
hybridization was m
ade to study general and specific combining ability of some
productivity traits (sympodial branch number, actual boll number and seed cotton
yield). General combining ability (GCA) indicated that the parental genotype
Cherpan432 had a high significant GCA for sympodial branch number and actual
boll number, but the parents Aleppo118 and Deir El-Zour22 had the high GCA for
seed cotton yield. This is a clear indication that these parental genotypes had the
largest number of additive genes action, which plays important role in the inheritance
of the above-mentioned traits. The estimation of SCA values showed favorite and
high significant values in many hybrids resulted from parents, which had highly
significant GCA, which means that the gene action type is (additive x additive), and
this refers that these hybrids possessing the largest number of additive genes. High
heritability broad sense refers to importance of genetic variance in the inheritance of
all characters, but heritability in narrow sense values were low in general, indicating
the importance of dominance and epistasis genes in the inheritance. According to
this result it is recommended to follow the cross method for improvement of the
studied traits.
This paper presents a study to reduction of heavy crude oil viscosity by
heating, where we select the best of temperature for all types instead of
constant temperature, whatever composition and viscosity of crude oil.
This study was carried out to investigate of various
stabilizers on the physicochemical properties of
low fat yogurt and to determine.
