Honey or Poison? Solving the Trigger Curse in Few-shot Event Detection via Causal Intervention

Event detection has long been troubled by the trigger curse: overfitting the trigger will harm the generalization ability while underfitting it will hurt the detection performance. This problem is even more severe in few-shot scenario. In this paper, we identify and solve the trigger curse problem in few-shot event detection (FSED) from a causal view. By formulating FSED with a structural causal model (SCM), we found that the trigger is a confounder of the context and the result, which makes previous FSED methods much easier to overfit triggers. To resolve this problem, we propose to intervene on the context via backdoor adjustment during training. Experiments show that our method significantly improves the FSED on both ACE05 and MAVEN datasets.

Measuring the Cost of Honey Bee Products in Lattakia Governorate - Foundations and Determinants

The purpose of this research is to deduce the basis for calculating the cost of honey bee products since the actual costing of various levels on accurate basis is the right starting point for achieving all the goals of the cost systems. Because the actual cost is the basis of planning, control and reduction of that cost. Lack of information to properly determine product cost may cause choosing unhealthy competitive strategies, and make bad decisions, whether it related to product pricing or product selection. The research objective was reached through an analytical study of previous studies that discussed the economic feasibility of honey bee production projects in a variety of environments. In addition, a field study was carried out on the working beekeeping firms in Lattakia governorate during the period between the month of 11/2017 and the end of the month 8/2018. A number of conclusions were reached on the determinants of the cost of honey bee products, including the need to rely on the variable cost approach in preparing the list of honey product costs, the adoption of the production season as a period for the preparation of this list and a number of conclusions regarding the basis for calculating the depreciation of the assets of the honeybees and classified it as fixed cost which must included in the income statement for the financial cycle which ends at the end of the production seasons on 31/10 of each year.

Evaluation of Efficacy of Honey Mouthwashes on Oral Flora (Triple Blinded Randomized Clinical Controlled Trial, Cross-Over Study)

mouthwashes are considered as an essential mean of oral hygiene. But, due to the side effects of its chemical ingredients the search for a natural alternative has begun. Honey is one of these alternatives and has been long known for its antimicrobial properties. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Syrian honey mouthwash on oral flora in comparison with Chlorhexidine 0.12%

Affecting Factors on the supply amount of honey At Apiaries Level In the Syrian Coast

This study has been conducted on Syrian coastal area in 2013 season, aimed to determines affecting factors on honey supply at that level Apiary and measure the price supply elasticity . A field questioner was applied to obtain elementary data of a random sample consisted of (304) of Apiary. The honey production has been estimated to (10.3) kg/hive and (603.8) kg/ apiary in the study sample, (89.6%) of which were marketed, while the other part has been selfconsumed at the apiary level. The marketing quantities of honey distributed between five major marketing canals, the most important one was the direct selling to the consumers, contributed to (77.1%) of total sample’ marketed quantities, followed by the selling to wholesalers with contribution ratio estimated to (18.7%), while the selling to retailer types (Honey specialized shops, Pharmacies, Grocers) have absorbed the remained small honey quantities. The supply price elasticity was estimated to (2.318), referring relatively to a high elasticity supply. The more diversified marketing channels of honey at apiaries level has positively affected supply quantities, especially when selling to wholesalers. Moreover, the existence of selling and storing unites in apiaries in addition to the market information system would also affect positively on supply quantities. The positively effect of apiary size reflects the weak position of small size apiaries in supply controlling. The more important result, was the negative impact of expertize and specialization and education of producers on honey supplied quantities at apiaries level, Remunerating Precarious conditions of current honey market, pressing on producers belonging to the qualified category and indicates high risks of shrinking their leverage in honey sub-sector.

Analysis of Farm income and productivity costs of honey bee rearing and efficient Projects it's in the Syrian Coast

This study has been conducted on Syrian coastal area in 2013 season, aimed to analyze the cost of honey production and Farm income `at the Apiaries level, in addition to measure its net returns and economic efficiency. A field questioner was applied to obtain elementary data of a random sample consisted of (304) of Apiary units. The results show that beekeeping is one of the economically viable agricultural projects, where most of the apiaries in the sample were able to achieve a positive net return as much, on average, about (405 834) SP / promiscuous, while its value was estimated at the hive level by about (7120) SP. It was found that the majority of apiaries in the study sample (87.8%) were able to achieve positive earnings, While the ratio (12.2%) exposed of the loss, and realized negative revenues . The results of the investment evaluation and financial analysis showed to the economic efficiency of the apiaries , reaching gross margin of the hive (11237.5) SP/year, and ratio of costs to revenue (62.9%), the profit ratio to total costs (59%), and general economic efficiency (1.59 ), and the Payback period (1.69) years.

Concentrations of Some Trace Elements in Bees as Pollution Indicator in Lattakia Region – Syria

The concentrations of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) in dead and live honeybees were determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The samples were collected from beehives of stationary apiariessituated in five different locations of Latakia; Qardahah (Asitamo), Haffeh (Dabba), Jableh (Snouper),Latakia city (Al-Ramel Al-Shamali\ Autostrade of Al-Jomhouria) and Eastern Entryway to Latakia (behind Al-Jood factory) , during the spring and autumn in 2014.

Hybridization of Honeycomb Topology to Enhance Cost of Interconnection Networks

Rectangular mesh and torus are the mostly used topologies in network-on-chip (NoC) based systems. In this paper، we quantitatively illustrate that the honeycomb topology is an advantageous design alternative in terms of network cost which is one of the most important parameters that reflects both network performance and implementation cost.

Honey Harvest in the Poetry of Al- Huthaliyeen

This research aims to study the dimensions of honey harvesting in the poetry of Al- Huthaliyeen who associate talking about honey harvesting by comparing the sweet taste of honey to a woman's saliva taste. Thus , they demonstrate the pleasure of achieving the desiredgoalafter toil. In this context , we see them highlight the mixing of honey with pure water and wine to signify the sublime life they seek to attain. In their poetry , we see them explore the poor living conditions of the apiarist - his toil and experiencing dangers to get honey. They explain that in his quest of honey under difficult conditions like the rugged place , the apiarist offers an image of a poet who strives to accomplish his goal. The dangers of getting honey are highlighted in Al- Huthaliyeenpoetry. Such dangers increase the hardships of reaching the goal in which the prerequisites and permanence of life are represented.

Study of the Effect Supplementary Feeding with Vitamins on the Productivity of Royal Jelly of Local Honeybee Colonies in the Coastal Region

This study was done in special apiary ( Lattakia province ) to define the effect of adding some vitamins (A,B,C) on the nutrition of the local honeybee colonies at the rate of acceptation in the plastic and wax cups are grafted with larva; and in the productivity of royal jelly , this study was carried out during two period : nectar flow season and nectar poor season.

The effect of additional vitamins (A,B,C) to the nutrition of honeybee colonies (Apismellifera L.) during spring season on royal jelly productivity in Latakia province

This study was done in special apiary (Latakia province) to define the effect of adding some vitamins on the nutrition of the local honeybee colonies at the rate of acceptation in the plastic and wax cups are grafted with larva; and in the productivity of royal jelly. The results showed that best of acceptation rate was achieved by vitamin C treatment that arrived to 85.41% in the wax cups and 75.83% in the plastic cups. According to results of the statistical analysis, it significantly surpassed upon all other treatments, whereas there wasn’t any significant difference between the treatment with vitamin Aand control, no matter what kind of cups it used. The results of average weight of the royal jelly in the cup showed that the treatment of vitamin C achieved the best value that reached to 0.348 g of the wax cups and 0.312 g of plastic cups.The statistical analysis showed superiority of the treatment vitamin C and B upon other treatments (vitamin A and control) while using the wax cups, whereas there was no significant difference in the average weight of the royal jelly between the two kinds of cups when treating with vitamin A and control.