This research studying the effect of the most important analytical and technical conditions on the voltammetric curves of lead and cadmium in order to choose the optimal conditions for the simultaneous determination of these two elements by Different
ial pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) using Graphite mercury film electrode(GMFE) as a working electrode. The results showed that the optimum analytical conditions were when using Sodium acetate - acetic acid (0.05M) electrolyte, where pH= 4.6, and a concentration (25mg/l) of Hg2+, CCd:CPb ratio up to 1:10 and conversely, and the optimum technical conditions were when applying scanning field from -1200 to -100mV, accumulation potential Eacc= -1200mV, accumulation time tacc= 120sec, speed rate υ= 120mV/sec, and amplitude pulse ΔE= 50mV. The previous conditions gave ideal voltammetric curves, Ip(Cd)= 6.134µA, Ip(Pb)= 4.966µA, Ep(Cd) = -647 mV, Ep(Pb)= -473 mV. The previous conditions were applied on a standard sample and the limit of detection was (Cd) 0.100µg/l, (Pb) 1.000µg/l, retrieval coefficient R%(Cd)= 100.5%, R%(Pb)= 97.2%, standard deviation SD(Cd)= 0.020mg/l, SD(Pb)= 0.021mg/l; Therefore, that shows the accuracy and precision of the method. The validity of the method under its new conditions was examined on a number of environmental samples and showed success and high efficiency.
This research study the effect of the most important conditions on the voltammetric curves of lead and copper to reach the optimal conditions for the simultaneous determination of these elements by Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPA
SV) using a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) as a working electrode.
The results showed that the optimal conditions for the simultaneous determination of lead and copper by using nitric acids electrolyte 3M,were when applying scanning field from -700 mV to +150 mV, accumulation potential -800 mV, the time of the accumulation 80 sec, speed rate 40 mV/sec, and the amplitude pulse 70mV,
where the peak currents were IP (Pb) = 274.2 nA, IP (Cu) = 630.5 nA, at peak potentials EP (Pb) = -380 mV, EP (Cu) = +40 mV, by applying the previous conditions, the limits of detection reached 1.05μg/l for lead 2.45 μg/l for copper. The retrieval coefficient calculated to make sure accuracy of the method and it reached 103.90% and copper 101.70% and to indicate the precision of the way by the standard deviation was the value of the standard deviation for lead 0.027 mg/l, and copper 0.013 mg/l. the method applied under its own conditions by examined on some of environmental and samples and showed success and high efficiency
The importance of research being deals with the problem of
significant environmental concern the pollution of the plant , soil
and air component lead as a result of rapid industrial development
since the twentieth century . Was selected Eucalyptus
for several
considerations , including the widening spread and being one of
the bumpers wind that might ease the arrival of pollutants in the
atmosphere to regions far geographically . was selected several
sites of Homs in order to examine the content of the soil and
leaves Eucalyptus from a bullet was found that the concentration
of lead element in the plant was caused by air pollution , where not
shown the existence of relations clear engagement between the
content of soils of lead ( for a total and disposable absorption )
with the lead content of the plant . Ranged concentration of lead
overall in the soil between 1.98 ppm ( through Homs - peaceful )
and 72.47 ppm ( Highway Tartus in the south ) , and the average
of 4.857 ppm, did not exceed the concentration of lead in the
samples studied , both inside the city or outside the normal limit
and values lead stainless absorption in the soil ranged from ppm
(19.02- 0.02), ranged lead concentration in the plant between
2.01ppm and 10.35ppm and this concentration of lead element
within the permissible limits but with time become toxic showing a
lack of liaison relationships between the component lead either in
the soil or plant with the CaCO3 and Active lime. Finally we can
say that the contamination of the plant within the city is higher than elsewhere because of the busy traffic . Add to that the increase in soil lead content available led to increase the concentration of lead in Eucalyptus,leaves
This study aimed to study the accumulative abilities Ricnius Communis & Phragmites Communis for lead and cadmium. This plants are native near the RMAILAH river in JABLAH city.
The plants samples were collected from leafs, wood, and bark for plant sp
ecies, the soil samples were taken at (0-20)cm depth. Concentration of heavy metals were determined in soils and plants with "Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer"
Our results showed that the amounts of pb in the soil samples were 61.89ppm. The concentrations of lead pb in the parts of Ricnius Communis range between 4.3 to 5.81ppm; in the parts of Phragmites Communis range between 1.46 to 2.32ppm. According to statistics analysis Ricnius leaves surpass Ricnius wood and bark with accumulate lead; and Ricnius surpass Phragmites with accumulate lead too.
Our results showed that the amounts of cd in the soil samples were 3.081ppm. The concentrations of Cd in the parts of Ricnius Communis range between 0.031 to 0.061ppm; in the parts of Phragmites Communis range between 0.031-0.055ppm. According to statistics analysis there is no moral differences between Ricnius and Phragmites with accumulate cadmium.
This study was conducted to identify the levels of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, nickel, copper, iron, zinc) in the following processed local and imported meat: Sardine (canned full), Tuna (canned chunks), Hammour (frozen full), Euphrates Fis
h (frozen full), fish produced at Qattinah Lake in Syria (frozen full) , lamb (frozen ground), beef (frozen ground), lamb sausage (frozen full), beef sausage (frozen full), sausageproduced in Netherlands (frozen stuffed), lamb liver (frozen full), broiler chicken liver (frozen full), broiler chicken (frozen full), chicken mortadella (canned), beef mortadella (canned), chicken mortadella (canned) produced in Netherlands. Heavy metal concentrations were identified in the samples of the studied meat by atomic absorption spectrometer. The concentrations taken in the wet weight measured in (ppm) were as follows: lead values range between (0.1–5.61),cadmium(0.01–2.02), mercury (0.14 –79.01), nickel (0.11 - 0.82), copper (0.24 – 6.89), iron (1.01 - 91.03), zinc (8.14 - 45.5). It was noticed that in some of the studied samples of the imported and locally-processed meat the levels of lead, cadmium, mercury, and nickel were above the levels permitted by WHO (World Health Organization) and by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization).While the concentrations of copper, iron, and zincwere belowthelevels permitted.
In this study, the concentration of Pb and Cd was determined in some agricultural
products in order to compare this concentration and to know the capacity of these products
to accumulate these two elements. The samples were digested by nitric acid
and the
elements were determined by the atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that
the concentration of lead and cadmium in protected products was less than the
concentration in unprotected products, and the concentration of lead was more than the
cadmium, these results can be explained by the extensive use of lead and the unprotected
agriculture products were exposed to the air pollution more than the protected products.
The changes in coefficient of distribution of lead and cupper has been studied in
system with two phases, liquid water contaminated with lead and copper-solid (natural
Phosphate of Syria) correlation of the following factors: Time of mixing phases,
size of the
developed steel ,change the values of PH ,concentration of elemental lead and
concentration of element capper ,the concentration of calcium as a competitor to the
occupation of sites available on the solid phase, the ratio V\m presents the water phase size
on the mass of phase ,the Percentage removal of lead from aqueous samples prepared in
the laboratory91,57-99,95% were the best conditions for a vast proportion removed can be
summarized as follows:
PH=[6,63-10,11], Time of mixing phases =60 minutes and V/m=1000.
The Percentage removal of copper from aqueous samples prepared in the
laboratory 95,27 -99,96 % were the best conditions for a vast proportion removed can be
summarized as follows:
PH= [7,89-11,01] , Time of mixing phases =60 minutes and V/m=1000.
Ideal conditions have been applied that were obtained according to laboratory tests
on water samples from industrial input to Banias refinery and water samples from
industrial drainage to Syrian company for oil transport after Removal for lead was(
100%,99 %). Removal for copper was( 100%,98 %) .
The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of lead and cadmium in the
meat, liver and kidney of sheep exposed in the local markets of the city of Latakia, and to
compare the results with those reported by other countries and with the
maximum
acceptable levels for human consumption, Lead and cadmium were determined by atomic
absorption spectrometry (AAS).
The mean concentrations of lead in meat, liver and kidney were 0.043, 0.284 and
0.118 mg/kg fresh weights, respectively, while mean concentrations of cadmium were
0.017, 0.173 and 0.252 mg/kg fresh weights, respectively. Statistical analysis showed a
significant difference in lead and cadmium concentrations between liver and kidney and in
meat.
This study aims to investigate the abilities of two tree species (Pinus brutia and
Cupressus sempervirens) planted in Banias Refinery Company to absorb and accumulate
lead and zinc basically emitted by the Refinery. Samples of the planted species (
leaves,
bark, and wood) and soil from around the plants were collected and analyzed by atomic
absorption spectrophotometer. The results did not show significant pollution with these
two elements. Moreover, there were not any significant differences between the two
species in terms of the accumulation of Pb and Zn. While the Pb concentrations ranged
between (24.96-30.84 ppm) for P. brutia and (24.05-30.23 ppm) for C. sempervirens, the
Zn concentrations ranged between (34.99-82.99 ppm) for P. brutia, (18.11-59.86 ppm) for
C. sempervirens. It was also revealed that P. brutia bark accumulated Pb more than the
other parts, whereas C. sempervirens leaves accumulated Zn more than the other parts.
Through this study, the estimation of the accumulative concentration of
cadmium Cd and lead Pb in some organs of Barbus grypus fish hunt in Tigris –
Al-Rashidiyya district – Mosul, has been done. Also, the estimation has been
done in the tissues o
f Khawia armeniaca cestode by using Atomic absorption
CHOmeter where an abstracted difference (0.05) in the accumulative
concentration of cadmium and lead in the liver, Kidney, gills, muscles and
intestines of infected and uninfected fish. The accumulative concentration of
cadmium and lead in the tissues of parasites (300, 81.08) Mg/g respectively.
