The research aims at investigating the reality of investment of the cultivation of
citrus in Syria during 2007-2011. The study showed that the citrus market in Syria needs to
be organized, and that there is a necessity for having an independent org
anization such as
(Citrus Growers Union) to be responsible, in cooperation with the relevant authorities, for
monitoring the production and marketing of citrus. The study also showed that the
specifications of full market competition apply to the citrus market in Syria, and that there
is a fluctuation in the value of flexibility of supply and demand which indicates the
presence of factors other than the price which affect the supply and demand. The study also
showed a marketing gap which was negative, this led to flooding the market with citrus
reaching (-247.4 thousand tons) in 2007. The investment in citrus achieved a positive
added-value which helped support the gross domestic product (GDP) in Syria, reaching (25
billion Syrian pounds) in 2011.The citrus sector also contributed in creating a balance of
payments; outflows of citrus reaching $140 million.
This study has been conducted on Syrian coastal area in 2013 season, aimed to
determines affecting factors on honey supply at that level Apiary and measure the price
supply elasticity . A field questioner was applied to obtain elementary data of a
random
sample consisted of (304) of Apiary.
The honey production has been estimated to (10.3) kg/hive and (603.8) kg/ apiary in
the study sample, (89.6%) of which were marketed, while the other part has been selfconsumed
at the apiary level. The marketing quantities of honey distributed between five
major marketing canals, the most important one was the direct selling to the consumers,
contributed to (77.1%) of total sample’ marketed quantities, followed by the selling to
wholesalers with contribution ratio estimated to (18.7%), while the selling to retailer types
(Honey specialized shops, Pharmacies, Grocers) have absorbed the remained small honey
quantities.
The supply price elasticity was estimated to (2.318), referring relatively to a high
elasticity supply. The more diversified marketing channels of honey at apiaries level has
positively affected supply quantities, especially when selling to wholesalers. Moreover, the
existence of selling and storing unites in apiaries in addition to the market information
system would also affect positively on supply quantities. The positively effect of apiary
size reflects the weak position of small size apiaries in supply controlling.
The more important result, was the negative impact of expertize and specialization
and education of producers on honey supplied quantities at apiaries level, Remunerating
Precarious conditions of current honey market, pressing on producers belonging to the
qualified category and indicates high risks of shrinking their leverage in honey sub-sector.
The aim of this research is to estimate the structure of production
costs and consequently to derive the economies of scale for the
irrigated tomatoes crop in Al Hasskae region. The search is adopted
on the questionnaire method for sample included
(15) village by
using random sample of villages in AL-Hassake region, and the
number of sampled population (100) farmer to the season
2012/2013, 2013/2014.
