The shift to neural models in Referring Expression Generation (REG) has enabled more natural set-ups, but at the cost of interpretability. We argue that integrating pragmatic reasoning into the inference of context-agnostic generation models could re
concile traits of traditional and neural REG, as this offers a separation between context-independent, literal information and pragmatic adaptation to context. With this in mind, we apply existing decoding strategies from discriminative image captioning to REG and evaluate them in terms of pragmatic informativity, likelihood to ground-truth annotations and linguistic diversity. Our results show general effectiveness, but a relatively small gain in informativity, raising important questions for REG in general.
Idiomatic expressions (IE) play an important role in natural language, and have long been a pain in the neck'' for NLP systems. Despite this, text generation tasks related to IEs remain largely under-explored. In this paper, we propose two new tasks
of idiomatic sentence generation and paraphrasing to fill this research gap. We introduce a curated dataset of 823 IEs, and a parallel corpus with sentences containing them and the same sentences where the IEs were replaced by their literal paraphrases as the primary resource for our tasks. We benchmark existing deep learning models, which have state-of-the-art performance on related tasks using automated and manual evaluation with our dataset to inspire further research on our proposed tasks. By establishing baseline models, we pave the way for more comprehensive and accurate modeling of IEs, both for generation and paraphrasing.
This study aims at recognizing the differences in some skills of emotional expression
from teachers’ and parents’ perspectives between the simple mentally retardation pupils
integrated in first stage in basic learning and those who are nonintegrate
d.
The population consisted of 20 pupils of simple mentally retardation (8-12 years)
integrated in public schools in first stage in basic learning, and 20 peer pupils in private
centers. Whereas the teachers were selected (15 male/female) in public schools and (10
male/female) in private centers. Parents (80 )are the fathers and mothers of (20) pupils in
public schools and (20) pupils in private centers.
The study used the descriptive approach by designing a questionnaire to measure the
differences in some skills of emotional expression between the simple mentally retardation
pupils who are integrated in public schools and nonintegrated pupils who are in private
centers. This questionnaire was distributed to teachers and parents. Then the data were
analyzed statistically by SPSS. The results were as follows:
- There are statistically significant differences between integrated and nonintegrated
pupils on all dimensions of the scale for the sake of integrated pupils.
- There are statistically significant differences between the means of some skills of
emotional expressions (joy, love) according to the variable of gender for the sake of
females.
- There are statistically significant differences in (anger)for the sake of males.
Due to the prominent place composition holds in teaching French
to non-native speakers, this article examines the effectiveness of
formative evaluation in improving the writing skills of second year
students in the department of French language. I
n addition, by
showing the difference in the scoring results between the students
who followed the formative evaluation and those who didn’t, this
article aims to illustrate the impact of distributing copies of the
grading scale to students during the training period.
The power of organic
expression has increased, and architects have become
increasingly interested on organic expression and modern
methods. which elevates the performance. Two models were
studied in which organic expression was achieved either by
expressing the organism or following the lines and components
of nature. To access the results related to extent the impact of the
application of technology on the form of organic expression
building.
In our study, the
presence and expression of P27 gene in L.tropica evaluated in
promastigotes by PCR and RT-PCR using specific primer pairs
that manually designed after determine the consensus sequence of
forward and reverse region of primers bet
ween species of
Leishmania by using MUSCLE (Multiple Sequence Comparison by
Log- Expectation) tool for alignment. The results proved the
presence of P27 gene in Leishmania tropica, beside presence the
mRNA of P27 gene that confirm that P27 expressed in
promastigote form of L.tropica
The research aims to study the vulnerability of these currents of different
patterns of expression in accordance with the principles for
each type of the above-mentioned patterns, By practical study
of two different models in place; which was influenced by
different expression types according to the varying proportions,
However, they are similar in the type of building and the time
period.
This paper aims at identifying the relation between the level of written
comprehension skills and the "sex" variant in orphaned children, in addition to identifying
the relation between the written comprehension skills and the orphanhood period.
T
he study has been conducted in Lattakia Governorate, Syrian Arab Republic,
particularly during the period between January and September of 2016, through which the
researcher applies the descriptive method as it fits the type and purpose of the study. The
researcher has arranged a test derived from the Writing activities for ages ranging from 9-
10 years old in the standard curriculum in Syria. The targeted category involves all
orphaned children within that range in Lattakia and it was carried out over 175 male and
female children. This category has been chosen randomly.
The recent reforms were an important opportunity to change the prevailing evaluative culture so that evaluation will be an effective means to develop the learner’s communicative competence and to equip him with skills’ and modern knowledge qualifying
him for the acquisition of higher competencies . And to shift the focus from teaching to learning and from teaching for exams to teaching for life. and from the trilogy recitation’ retention and retrieval to the trilogy of competencies of creativity. life skills as well as competencies to deal according to the situation requirements. for these reasons ‘the Algerian school tended to choose the competency-based approach in order to enable the learner reach the desired ambitious objectives.
يعد الابيضاض النقوي الحاد أحد أكثر انواع الابيضاضات شيوعاً لدى البالغين وقد ازدادت معدلات الإصابة به والوفيات الناتجة عنه بشكل ملحوظ في السنوات الاخيرة
