People convey their intention and attitude through linguistic styles of the text that they write. In this study, we investigate lexicon usages across styles throughout two lenses: human perception and machine word importance, since words differ in th
e strength of the stylistic cues that they provide. To collect labels of human perception, we curate a new dataset, Hummingbird, on top of benchmarking style datasets. We have crowd workers highlight the representative words in the text that makes them think the text has the following styles: politeness, sentiment, offensiveness, and five emotion types. We then compare these human word labels with word importance derived from a popular fine-tuned style classifier like BERT. Our results show that the BERT often finds content words not relevant to the target style as important words used in style prediction, but humans do not perceive the same way even though for some styles (e.g., positive sentiment and joy) human- and machine-identified words share significant overlap for some styles.
This paper presents a method for automatically identifying bilingual grammar patterns and extracting bilingual phrase instances from a given English-Chinese sentence pair. In our approach, the English-Chinese sentence pair is parsed to identify Engli
sh grammar patterns and Chinese counterparts. The method involves generating translations of each English grammar pattern and calculating translation probability of words from a word-aligned parallel corpora. The results allow us to extract the most probable English-Chinese phrase pairs in the sentence pair. We present a prototype system that applies the method to extract grammar patterns and phrases in parallel sentences. An evaluation on randomly selected examples from a dictionary shows that our approach has reasonably good performance. We use human judge to assess the bilingual phrases generated by our approach. The results have potential to assist language learning and machine translation research.
The research aims to learn more about management styles prevalent
among managers of kindergartens from the viewpoint of the
parameters. Creative behavior and know the level of kindergarten
teachers in the province of Damascus. It defines the relat
ionship
between the administrative and creative patterns and behavior. And
know the differences between the scores of answers to sample
individuals to identify managerial styles and to identify creative
behavior depending on the variables of research: (qualification,
years of experience). And it adopted a researcher on the analytical
descriptive approach, and the researcher used a questionnaire to
measure patterns of four administrative behavior patterns, and
identify creative behavior. The sample consisted of search (238)
parameter of kindergarten teachers in the province of Damascus.
The research aimed at determining the prevailing learning styles of
the fifth grade students and their attitudes towards social studies, and
recognizing the relationship between learning styles and their attitudes
towards Social Studies.
The rese
archer adopted the descriptive method, the sample consisted
of a group of fifth graders in a primary school, where they were
selected using the random simple method included (450) students from
first cycle schools in Damascus.
The research aimed to identify the level of self-efficacy and types of classroom
discipline and the relationship between them for the students teachers in the College of
Education at Tartous University. Using the descriptive method to validate the
research
hypotheses, the sampling consisted of (76) male and female students of the Faculty of
Education for the year 2015/2016, a questionnaire of Self-efficacy (Slimon, 2004) was
used and along with a questionnaire of the types of classroom discipline(Alharahsheh and
alkhawaldeh, 2009) after verifying the validity and reliability, and a statistical program for
educational and psychological (spss) was used.
The research found the following results: the students teachers had a high level of
self-efficacy, as the value of mean reached (3.882) with a standard deviation of (0.541)
The classroom discipline types had the following order: The indicative type at first
(3.850), then the reprimand type(3.276) and the punitive type came at least (2.910). There
is also an extrusive positive correlation between the level of self-efficacy and types of
classroom discipline. The Self-efficacy was affected by variable of sex but wasn't affected
by variable of secondary certificate. And the type of classroom discipline wasn’t affected
by variables: sex, and secondary certificate.
The researcher concludes a number of suggestions like: training students teachers on
the positive classroom discipline skills, and raise their level of self-efficacy, conducting
more studies about the subject.
The research aims to study the vulnerability of these currents of different
patterns of expression in accordance with the principles for
each type of the above-mentioned patterns, By practical study
of two different models in place; which was influenced by
different expression types according to the varying proportions,
However, they are similar in the type of building and the time
period.
In this study the urban system of the governorate of Lattakia has been examined
through the applicability of measurements of the equality of spatial distribution patterns of
cities (Demangeon Index and Lorenz curve), and those of Primacy and cities
size
distribution patterns (the Law of Primate city of Mark Jefferson, 1939, the Index of
Primacy of Stewart, and the hierarchical order of city through the Rank-size Rule - George,
K. Zipf, 1949). It has been identified on the size of the imbalance equilibrium in the system
urban cities through Urban Isostastic Index. The results of the study showed a clustered
patterns of the spatial distribution of urban centers according to the value of Demangeon
Index (0.42) and unequal distribution of urban population to the cities (75% of urban
population are distributed on 15% of cities). It showed also a great domination of the
primate city of Latakia on the urban system where the population volume was (6.1) time
bigger than the volume of the next cities according to Primacy Index; a great decrease of
the real value of the next cities comparing with the theoretical value of Law of Primate
City (16.4%) against (67%), and disability to applying the Rank-size Rule.
يعتبر علم النسج حول السنية من العلوم الأساسية التي تبنى عليها جميع اختصاصات طب الاسنان حيث يطلق على هذه النسج الجهاز الداعم للأسنان
This research has been implemented in Homs city-Syria, in order to study the
configuration of the road network in residential district, and the debates about the most
efficient pattern in terms of functional performance, treeor grid pattern, or oth
er patterns.
In order to do that, it focused on the planning principles of functional performance, which
can be summarized to:( proximity, permeability, security). And worked on identifying
Accurately the functional performance indicators, and there measuring method, and they
were (Cell / Cul ratio – T / X ratio- distant between the center and the periphery - number
of cells per unit area –hierarchy). And applied it on the case studies: (organized / newly
planned residential districts). It turns out that the road network should have a medium
proximity and permeability for traffic,while it should be high for pedestrian. Therefore,the
network patternCandidate forbetterfunctional performance when it's nearly in the mid-way
between (tree and grid).
The appearance of revolutionary containerization utilized by maritime transport
sector has led to congested seaports. A transfer of a portion of the activities performed
inside was suggested. A complement to the sea port became desired, which creat
ed the idea
of a dryport. We studied the effect of the dryport’s site, planned to be constructed in Hassia
industrial city, on the Syrian transport network. We used geographic information systems
(GIS) to get the results due potential assistance. Study shows that a dryport increases the
efficiency of the transport system, thus reducing the cost and time of transport.
Furthermore, Hassia industrial city is especially qualified to establish a dryport, and the
eastern region would be the optimal region for such an establishment.
