The modern techniques of the information systems are considered as one of the most
important tools, that most institutions, bodies and organizations working in the areas of
planning and future development are seeking to use as effective analytical
and technical
tools for collecting and analyzing the vast amount of spatial and descriptive information
and the data of the human and natural phenomena, for both planners or decision-makers, at
the various stages of the planning process to cope with the urgent urban problems in
addition to supporting the completion of development plans in record time and high
quality, and reduce waste in energies and resources.
In this context, the research displays the advanced analytical techniques and tool, and
their role in whole planning processes, and identifies the methods of application of GIS
systems as the most efficient and widely used system in the fields of urban planning and
land use, and in developmental decisions support. Also, the research presents a practical
model for the distribution of tasks within the departments and institutions involved in the
planning, to introduce the information systems in their work, and highlights the most
important obstacles that may face the use of those systems.
The study comes up with a number of conclusions and recommendations for the
potential application of advanced techniques and avoiding obstacles, which directly
contribute to raising the efficiency and effectiveness of planning processes, and
improving the planning process management.
To determine the prime potential locations of the hydrocarbon structural traps in
Al-Qaryatein region, which can help in the hydrocarbon exploration processes and reducing a lot of time and fieldwork efforts, lineaments and circular features were i
dentified in the study area by processing and analysing Satellite data using several Remote Sensing techniques and Geographic Information Systems. The priority locations of subsurface structures were distinguished using several special criteria; these criteria are related to the density of the lineaments and their directions within the circular features of the study area. The priority locations of subsurface structures were evaluated by the integration of remote sensing and non-seismic geophysical data which were processed and interpreted by using their own techniques, to determine the prime potential locations of the hydrocarbon structural traps which reached three locations in the study area. The integration between geophysical data and remote sensing techniques increased the trust in the results of this study.
Al- Qusier region is important agricultural areas in Syria, and
contribute to cover a significant part of the agricultural needs of the country ,but it was suffering of poor land use in some locations.
This study aims to prepare maps of land use an
d land cover using
remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS)
techniques, the study relied on SPOT-4 satellite images with spatial resolutions 10 m for (white–black) images and 20 m for color images.
The study found a view of results were the ability of remote sensing and geographic information systems in the production of accurate maps of land use/land cover and establish a digital database for spatial land use and land cover for Al- Qusier region.
The article aims to study the effect of layer thickness and reflection coefficient variation on the image of synthetic seismogram, which is generated by using Ricker Wavelet with wide range of frequencies (20-130Hz) and Vibrator Sweeps with many freq
uencies ranges (5-170Hz) as a known technique in reflection seismic method on land. The Researcher tried to
determine the relationship between signals recording times and reflection coefficients variation from first side, and recording times with layer thickness variation from second side. The result which is observed that; the recorded times increased proportionally with increasing of the layer thickness (as we
know), but it is delayed with exponential relation when the velocity and density are varied within the same layer. New manner is applied to represent the result by using the conversion of time seismic section to raster images by using GIS,
this way gave us ability to control the colored scale which reflects the amplitude of recorded signals, and follows the reflectors or get important information about signals amplitude even though the layer thickness is decreased less than wavelet length ten times if we used Ricker signal or Vibration Sweeps.
This paper presents the methods of designing a model to determine the appropriate points to build fire towers extended on an area of Syrian Arab Republic, in order to monitor and early warning the forest fire. This helps the authorities' process of
extinguishing the fire as it arises and thereby protect our forest from fire that destroys thousands of hectares every year.
The model has been designed using the tools of Spatial Analysis available in ArcGIS program. These tools have been applied to evaluate the performance of the fire towers in the studied area, and to suggest new sites for fire towers in this region in order
to increase the vision of the area. We calculate the area of visible areas covered by the suggested fire towers. We finally customize the parameters of the model to be applied for different areas using different input data, so the users of the model simply can enter the
parameters of their own area and apply the model.
Hydrological studies in Syria- in general- based on classical methods to derive catchment areas of road culverts or estimating the design storm for these catchments. Such operations have a significant degree of complexity, effort and time costing, up
to
implementing clear concept about streams crossing the road and deriving the catchments boundaries to estimate the designing storm discharge according to road classification and passing facility type preventing road inundation or demolition.
In this study the GIS technique was used to derive catchments for all outlets on this road and the morphological properties were estimated. The developed hydrological model for studied road allows designers to evaluate more accurate solutions in such engineering cases like determiningthe best locations for culverts on roads, estimating design storm and design discharge for those outlets and all other engineering characteristics “designing
parameters” such as longitudinal slope, span, area, number of openings. as it allows the development of various economic solutions in order to choose the best one from both
engineering and economic view points, according to road classification and storm probability.
This essay displays one of probabilities at Geographical
Information System (GIS) as a decision support system to select
the best way to carry project's remainders (excavations and
garbage of works), in addition to observing topographic
character
istics of the study area and the nature of roads which are
existed formerly and imposed bonds at the movement of machines
as free as possible, As a result, we will obtain the saving
economical way to carry, which is a tied goal equation with
groups of related bonds about the actual of different ways, and
that is accomplished by Geographical Information System.
Therefore, it is possible to consider this system as a help tool to
improve the effective of approval decision to shorting time at
engineering projects.
This study was related to the urban development of Homs City and
its surrounding between 1972 – 2010 by using remote sensing
technique and geographic information system. The results of the
study indicated that the size of the city was increased 60
0% times ,
randomly and eliminating most of crop lands.
This research highlights the vital role of Pavement Management Systems integrated with Geographic Information Systems in planning and managing road maintenance in Lattakia, and getting a flexible local system by following a new method in processing a
nd viewing information that supports maintenance decision.
This study included applying a pilot project for managing pavement maintenance over a group of roads following The General Establishment for Road Communications. Those roads were divided to links and segments then evaluated using the " Asphalt Institute Method ", which gave us a numeric pointer that led in turn to the type of maintenance needed for a particular pavement. In this research, we depended on the Geographic Information Systems to design and build a comprehensive database, that reflected the present condition of the studied roads, and enabled us to store, analyze and document pavement surface condition and link it to the digitized maps of the studied roads. This guaranteed easy and direct access to various kinds of data and solutions as every segment appeared in a different color reflecting its conditions according to the theme of the map. By doing so, we could support the process of taking right maintenance decisions.
The process of collecting and transporting solid waste is the first and fundamental issue in the management of solid waste as it is the most economically expensive operation, in which its expenses in the process of system of municipal solid waste man
agement (MSWM) reaches about 60-70% of the total expenditure. This process starts from placing waste in containers till unloading these containers in transportation vehicles and then carry them to transfer stations or final disposal sites.
The fees of collection and transportation can be reduced through the selection of the optimal path, and thus obtaining many economical benefits.
In this research, the applications of geographical information systems (GIS) have been used in order to choose the optimal route for waste collection, transportation and transference in the city of Lattakia, Where a database has been designed which included mainly the streets, bridges and tunnels, it also included residential areas serviced by waste containers, and the process of linking them to each other took place by using the techniques of GIS in order to choose the best economical and timetable ways for the traffic of vehicles to collect and transport the waste, which contributes practically and effectively in improving the activities of municipal solid waste management in this city.
