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Economic Possibilities to Achieve Self-sufficiency of Wheat in Syria

الممكنات الاقتصادية لتحقيق الاكتفاء الذاتي من القمح في سورية

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 Publication date 2017
  fields Agrarian Economy
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The research aimed to identify the current status of wheat in Syria during the period (2000- 2012), and to study the energy of production and consumption, gap size, besides self-sufficiency ratio of wheat, as well as to highlight on the average per capita of the available for consumption, the annual average income per capita, and the annual population increase. The research also indicated the most important factors affecting the production and domestic consumption of wheat. The results had showed that the general trend of total production, cultivated area and productivity is a descending direction during the studied period. Also, the consumed amount of wheat during the studied period increased, with an average of (4084.42) thousand tons annually, while the average of domestic production amounted to about (4008.38) thousand tons for the same period. Besides the food gap of wheat ranged between a minimum value at (17.3) thousand tons in 2000, and a maximum value about 1660 thousand tons in 2009, the year in which consumption reached its maximum value in the time of studied series. The self-sufficiency ranged from (69.04%) in 2009 and (131.03)% in 2007 with an average of about (99.1)% during the period (2000 - 2012).


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Research summary
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على الوضع الراهن لمحصول القمح في سوريا خلال الفترة من 2000 إلى 2012، ودراسة الطاقة الإنتاجية والاستهلاكية وحجم الفجوة الغذائية ونسبة الاكتفاء الذاتي. كما تسلط الضوء على متوسط نصيب الفرد من المتاح للاستهلاك، ومتوسط الدخل الفردي السنوي، والزيادة السنوية في عدد السكان، وأهم العوامل المؤثرة على الإنتاج والاستهلاك المحلي من القمح. أظهرت النتائج أن خط الاتجاه العام للإنتاج الكلي، والمساحة المزروعة، والإنتاجية كان في اتجاه تنازلي خلال الفترة المدروسة. كما تزايدت الكمية المستهلكة من القمح خلال نفس الفترة بمتوسط سنوي حوالي 4084.42 ألف طن، بينما بلغ متوسط الإنتاج المحلي حوالي 4008.38 ألف طن. تراوحت الفجوة الغذائية للقمح بين حد أدنى بلغ حوالي 17.3 ألف طن في عام 2000 وحد أقصى بلغ نحو 1660 ألف طن في عام 2009. تراوحت نسبة الاكتفاء الذاتي بين 69.04% في عام 2009 و131.03% في عام 2007 بمتوسط قدره 99.1% خلال الفترة المدروسة. أوضحت النتائج أن كمية الاستهلاك المحلي للقمح تتأثر معنوياً بعدد السكان ومعدل الاستهلاك الفردي، وأن كمية الإنتاج تتأثر معنوياً بالمساحة المزروعة والإنتاجية من وحدة المساحة. خلصت الدراسة إلى أن زيادة نسبة الاكتفاء الذاتي من القمح ستستغرق فترة طويلة وستكون تدريجية، حيث أظهرت النتائج أن أقصى نسبة اكتفاء ذاتي ممكن تحقيقها بلغت حوالي 242.86%.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر هذه الدراسة شاملة ومهمة لفهم الوضع الراهن لمحصول القمح في سوريا والعوامل المؤثرة عليه. ومع ذلك، يمكن توجيه بعض الانتقادات البناءة لتحسين الدراسة. أولاً، كان من الممكن أن تشمل الدراسة فترة زمنية أطول لتقديم تحليل أكثر شمولية للتغيرات الزمنية. ثانياً، لم تتناول الدراسة بشكل كافٍ تأثير العوامل السياسية والأمنية على الإنتاج والاستهلاك، وهو أمر مهم جداً في السياق السوري. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن أن تقدم الدراسة توصيات أكثر تحديداً وقابلة للتنفيذ لتحقيق الاكتفاء الذاتي من القمح. وأخيراً، كان من الأفضل استخدام نماذج إحصائية أكثر تعقيداً لتحليل البيانات بشكل أعمق وتقديم نتائج أكثر دقة.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الفترة الزمنية التي تناولتها الدراسة؟

    تناولت الدراسة الفترة الزمنية من عام 2000 إلى عام 2012.

  2. ما هو متوسط الكمية المستهلكة من القمح سنوياً خلال الفترة المدروسة؟

    بلغ متوسط الكمية المستهلكة من القمح سنوياً حوالي 4084.42 ألف طن.

  3. ما هي العوامل التي تؤثر على كمية الاستهلاك المحلي للقمح؟

    تتأثر كمية الاستهلاك المحلي للقمح بعدد السكان ومعدل الاستهلاك الفردي.

  4. ما هي أقصى نسبة اكتفاء ذاتي من القمح يمكن تحقيقها وفقاً للدراسة؟

    أقصى نسبة اكتفاء ذاتي من القمح يمكن تحقيقها بلغت حوالي 242.86%.


References used
Belaid, A. (2000). Durum wheat in wana: Production, trade, and gains from technological change. In option mediterraneennes L`amelioration du blédur dans la region mediterraneenne: Nouveaux defis. Eds C. Royo, M.M. Nachit, N.DI Fonzo, J.L. Araus. (CIHEAM; Centre Udl – IRTA, CIMMYT,ICARDA) , 35- 49 p
Pankratz, A. (1983) “Forecasting with Univariate Box-Jenkins Models”. JOHN WILEY & SONS, Pp. 99
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