Effect of planting date on growth and productivity of red Cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata, form rubra

The research was conducted in village Habbet in Hafa (Lattakia region) 300 meters above sea level during the period of 2016-2017 the plant material of the research is red cabbage Ruby King F1 hybrid in order to study the effect of planting date on growth and productivity of red cabbage. The study consisted of five different planting dates during the med of May, June, July, August and ,September months The completely randomized block design was used with four replications and twenty plants in replication . The study contains indicators: )leaf surface area, shape, volume, solidity and weight of cabbage heads, inner stem length, total and marketable yield, percentage of marketable yield and content of vitamin C) The results showed that planting treatment during August and September gave the superior results with significant difference in vegetative and productive indicators: leaf surface area, solidity and weight of cabbage heads, total yield )3394.8، 3654( kg/d respectively, marketable yield and percentage of marketable yield. While The planting during May, June, July was superior on content of vitamin C which was respectively (99.58, 98.68, 97.82 ( ml/100g with significant difference.

Area Estimation of Wheat, Barley and Chickpeas Crops in Sweida Governorate Using Remote Sensing (RS) Technique

Remote sensing is one of most important technology that provides information on large areas in a short time. The study was carried out in Sweida governorate with the aim of calculating the area of strategic crops and its distribution for the agricultural season 2014/2015 by classifying satellite images-type (BKA). The images were received by the station at General Organization for Remote Sensing in Damascus, Syria. The spatial resolution of the satellite BELARUSIAN SPACECRAFT is 10.2 meters. The results showed that the spread of the three crops (wheat, barley and chickpea) was generally on the four sides of the governorate, especially barley crop. Chickpeas and wheat concentrated in the west and center but in scattered areas. The area of wheat crop according to image classification was 30494 ha which accounted 8.97% of the studied area (Sweida governorate without Badia). The degree of approach to the proportion of the Ministry of Agriculture was 95.19%. The area of barley crop resulting from the classification process was 16705 ha, which accounted 4.92% of the study area. While the area of barley according to the statistics of Ministry of Agriculture was about 15933 ha. The area of chickpea crop resulting from the classification process was 26063 ha which represented 7.67% of the studied area. The results showed that the accuracy of the total classification was 82.4%, which allows satellite image to be used in calculating the area of strategic crops and determine its locations and distribution.

Using satellite images in updating topographic maps (An applicated study on Al-Bahlolia district)

The science and art of producing maps had been subjected to the changes as a result of new recent techniques developments at space photogrammetry, that lead to appearance of programs and applications in the computer's world. This associated with the advent of information age and Geographic information system that changed the traditional topographic map from just a map to an analyzing and viewing tool. All Syrian Topographic maps are old, out dated, and largely exist in paper form. Due to the high cost of aerial photography, These maps have not been updated for many years and such are not useful for planning. Therefore, there is an urgent need to produce new maps using high resolution satellite images. The research put a method for updating topographic maps of Al-Bahlolia district which have scales (1/50000) and (1/200000), By using Cartosat1 images. After updating, The results were that there is increasing in the area of planted land. In addition to building developments, increasing of length and density of roads between and inside villages. Contour lines also have been generated automatically, so efforts and time were be saved.

Evaluation of some physiological parameters of several sorghum (Sorghumbicolor L. Moench) genotypes for water stress tolerance during the flowering stage

An experiment was conducted in Kharabo station which belongs to the faculty of agriculture, Damascus university during the growing season 2009 ! 2010, to evaluate the response of seventeen sorghum genotypes under water stress conditions during the flowering stage according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replicates.

Role of some cultural practices in improving nitrogen use efficiency and grain quality of some wheat varieties under rainfed conditions

A field trail was conducted at Jeleen Research Station, Dara,a governorate, Syria, during two consecutive growing seasons (2010/ 2011-2011/ 2012), in order to evaluate the role of some cultural practices in improving nitrogen use efficiency and grains quality characteristics of four wheat varieties (Acsad1105, Acsad1229, Acsad885 and Acsad901). The experiment was laid according to randomized complete block design-split, with three replicates. Leaf area index, grain starch content and grain yield were significantly higher during the first growing season, in the wheat variety (Acsad901), for the first planting date, and nitrogen rate (200 Kg N. ha1-), when nitrogen fertilizer was added in two splits (1.25, 68.60 %, 1051 g. m-2).

High Nonlinear Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCF) Design with Very Low Confinement Loss

A Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) is a special class of optical fibers which is made of a single material and having air holes in the cladding. This paper studies and compares the optical characteristics such as effective area, confinement loss and nonlinearity, among three different PCF's structures: Hexagonal PCF (HPCF), Octagonal PCF (O-PCF) and Decagonal PCF (D-PCF) with varied structural parameters (number of the air-holes rings, the air-hole's diameter, and the lattice constant), and the target is to use the fiber in a Raman amplifier. Proposed structures are simulated by using COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS which depends on Finite Element Method (FEM). The numerically simulated results shows that Decagonal PCF (D-PCF) offers lower confinement loss, lower effective area, and larger value of nonlinearity than the other two structures. It is seen that Decagonal PCF(D-PCF) is suitable for long transmission fiber applications.

Economic development for the production of wheat and cotton in the eastern region from Syria during 1996-2010

The study was conducted in the eastern region of Syria to know the extent of cultivation development of wheat and cotton production and the factors affecting these crops during 1996-2010. The results showed that the effect of time on the production and productivity of wheat was not changed statistically, while the cotton area was decreased significantly during the study period. The total production of wheat was also affected significantly and positively by cultivated area and planting costs per hectare, and negatively by purchase price, while the production of cotton was affected significantly and positively by costs and purchase prices. According to the geographical region, the results showed that the production in the eastern region was significantly affected by Al-Raqqa production for wheat and cotton crops and Al-Hassake production for wheat crop. However, wheat productivity at Deir Ezzor was significantly superior compared to Al-Raqqa and Al-Hassake. The study recommended expanding the cultivation of wheat and cotton and support and expand the role of agricultural extension.

Evaluating the performance of some barley genotypes (Hordeumvulgare L.) under rain-fed conditions based on some physiological raits

The performance of some barley genotypes was evaluated under rain-fed conditions in Dara'a (Izra'a) during two successive growing seasons (2009-2010/ 2010-2011) in order to determine the most relevant physiological traits, which are genetically associated with drought tolerance and grain yield. The trial was laid out according to the factorial complete randomized block design, with three replicates. The leaf area index (LAI) was significantly lower in the wild relatives compared with the varieties and land races. Relative water content was significantly higher during the second growing season (87.19%) compared with the first one (71.57%). Solute leakage was significantly lower during the second growing season (69.50%) compared with the first growing season (76.49%). It was noticed that the genotypes which have achieved significantly higher grain yields, could also maintain significantly higher relative water content in the leaves, (Acsad176, Acsad1182 and Acsad60), and were superior in maintaining membrane integrity, and leaf area index, indicating the importance of such traits in improving drought tolerance and maintaining production capacity.

Growth Analysis of Spanish Faba bean (var. Alfa dolce) under effect of ploughing methods

The research was carried out during 2009-2010 in agricultural seasons, in Alqusser area, western south of Homs city to study growth analysis of Spanish faba bean (var.alfa docle) under the effect of different ploughing methods on leaf weight ratio (LWR) relative leaf growth rate (RLGR), leaf area ratio (LAR), leaf area duration (LAD), crop growth rate (GGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR), using four ploughing methods: surface tillage(T1), disk tillage (T2), place tillage (T3) and disk-turning (T4).the experiment was designed at randomized complete blocks, with five replications. The study showed the following: The ploughing methods of disk Tillage (T2), Place tillage (T4), and disk- Surface Tillage (T1) had a Significant increase in leaf weight Ratio (LWR), Relative leaf growth Rate (RLGR), leaf Area Ratio (LAR, leaf Area Duration (LAD), Crop Growth Rate (GGR) and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR) during the Tow seasons. Disk-turning (T4) had significant increase over disk-tillage (T2), and place tillage (T3) in all physiological indicators mentioned above (LWR, RLGR, LAR, LAD, GGR, and NAR). On another hand, there was no significant increase between ploughing methods disk-tillage and place tillage in all studies indicators.

Influence of tillage depths, timing of nitrogen fertilizer on growth and productivity indicators, and seeds chemical composition of peanut plant

A field experiment was conducted in Agriculture collage –Tishreen University for two years 2011&2012 to evaluate the effect of tillage depths and nitrogen fertilizer timing application on growth productivity indicators and seeds' chemical composition of peanut plant. The experiment was designed in split plots with three replicates. The main plots included shallow tillage (8-10) cm, medium tillage (18- 20) cm and deep tillage (28- 30) cm tillage depths D1, D2, D3 respectively. Timing application (split- plots) were: T1 all nitrogen fertilizer applied at planting ,T2 half nitrogen applied at planting and half at flowering ,T3 all nitrogen fertilizer applied at flowering .Deep tillage caused significant differences and increased leaf area index to (11.93,11.80) for the two seasons respectively . For dry weight/plant were (285.9, 266.6) g for two seasons respectively and seeds index arrived highest values (74.32, 74.53) g for two seasons respectively. Tillage depth increased protein and oil percentage in seeds, but the effect was insignificant. Timing of nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on leaf area index. The best values were (11.80, 11.60) for two seasons respectively in the treatment T2, and dry weight/plant (283.0, 263.4) g/plant respectively. Significant effect was observed for seeds index. The highest values were (74.41, 74.21) g for two seasons respectively in the treatment T2, so that for protein percentage in seeds arrived highest values (24.35, 25.24) % respectively in the treatment T2. But the highest values of oil percentage were (47.10, 47.21) % for two seasons respectively in the treatmentT3. Interaction (D x T) had significant effect on leaf area index. The best values were (12.53, 12.07) for two season respectively at (D3 x T2) interaction treatments. This interaction had no significant effects on the rest of the indicators