Study the genetic response of some varieties of chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) to form a callus Haploid in vitro

This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University. Because of the importance of the food and economic of chickpea, two Winter chickpea cultivars (Ghab 4, Ghab 5) and two Vernal chickpea cultivars were used (ILC263, ILC1929) and planted in pots until flowering, so the floral buds were picked before opened and washed with distilled water and alcohol three times. Anthers were separated and treated at preliminary temperatures (4 Cْ for 48 hours, and 35 Cْ for 12 hours), then it washed with a solution of hypochlorite of sodium( Naocl 2%) for a period of 15 minute, and washed with distilled sterilized water ,then where planted on the environment Murashige and Skoog ( MS) equipped with 1, 3 and 5 mg/L of auxin 2,4, D, as well as 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg /L of Cytokinin Benzyl Amino Purine( BAP) individually and with interaction between them and incubated under conditions of 27 Cْ and 75% of the humidity and the intensity of 1500 Lux of light for 16 hours. The main objective of research was to study the effect of both preliminary heating treatment , quality and concentration of used hormone on producing callus from used chickpea cultivars anthers. Results showed difference in cultivars response in the treatment of both temperature and single hormone, so Ghab 5 cultivar was the most responsive to the formation of callus, while the results indicated that the highest percentage of the formation of callus was 40% when treated at 4 Cْ of Ghab 4 and Ghab 5 cultivars, while ILC263 cultivar showed less response in all the individual treatments for growth regulators. As well as results showed that the significant and catalyst role for using of hormones together with heat treatment, where each of Ghab 5, Ghab 4 and ILC1929 cultivars were the superiority, by the arrival of the percentage of 80% and 60%, respectively.

Effect of plant growth regulators on metabolism of proteins in the seedling of Maize plant stems cells

This research aims to study the proteins transformation in zea maize plant seedlings cells, (GHOTA 82) under the influence of phyto hormone Auxin & grothregulators 2,4-D and IBA. Maize plant seeds were germinated in water medium for six days in darkness and temperature of 25 ºC. The quantity different groups of proteins, were analyzed in the stem cells of the developing seedling mesochotyles after incupation in darkness water and in different solutions of auxin, 2, 4D & IBA (in concentration 50 mg/l) for 20 hours in 26 ºC. The results showed that had inhibition effects on hydrolysis of protein groups in zea maize plant seedlings cells.

Studing the Effect some of plant growth regulators on the activity of hydrolysis and oxidation enzymes in the seedling of Zea mays stems cells

Investigate studied the activity of some enzymes in zea maize plant seedlings cells, (Ghota 82) under the influence of phytohormone Auxin & growth regulators 2,4-D and IBA. Maize plant seeds were germinated in water medium for six days in darkness and temperature of 260C. Then stem cells of the developing seedling were incupated in darkness with water or in different solutions of auxin, 2,4-D & IBA (50 mg/l) for 20 houre in 30 0C. Then magared the activity of α-Amylase, RNAase, Catalayse, Guaiacol Peroxidase, Ascorbate oxidase in the stem cells The results showed that the incupation has defferent effects.on hydrolysis and oxidative enzymes in zea maize plant seedlings cells.

Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on In vitro micropropagation of Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)

Single nodes and axillary buds excised from adult trees of Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) grown in the field under natural conditions at Damascus countryside (Ain Elfiegh) were used as primary explants, which were surfacedisinfected by 70% Ethanol and Clorox containing 5.25 % Sodium Hypoclorite with a drop of Tween 20 for different periods and concentrations before being placed onto MS basal medium. Established cultures were then transferred onto MS basal medium containing a combination of growth regulators at different concentrations (BA at 2.22 and 4.44 μM) each with NAA at 0.54, 1.62, 5.4 μM or 1.47 μM IBA with GA3 at 0.58 μM for all tratments. Multiplication rate of 12.8-fold was achieved every 4 weeks on MS medium supplemented with 4.44 μM BA with 1.47 μM IBA and GA3 at 0.58 μM.

A study on in vitro micropropagation of Caper (Capparis spinosa L.) using tissue culture techniques

This present study was conducted to develop a detailed in vitro propagation system for the medicinal shrub Capparis spinosa L. Single nodes with one bud and a small part of stem of 1-1.5 cm long were used as initial explants which were collected from a shrubs grown under field conditions at Damascus suburb., (Doumar). Explants were surface-disinfected by 70% Ethanol for 1 min., followed by immersion in Sodium Hypochlorite or HgCl2 for different periods and concentrations with 1 drop of Tween 20 for 100 ml disinfectant solution, where after, they were placed onto MS basal medium containing a combination of growth regulators at different concentrations (BA at 4.44 or 8.88 μM) each with IBA 0.49 μM. Cultures were incubated in the growth room at 23±1 c and light intensity of 3000 lux at the cultures level. Multiplication rate of 25.17-fold from one explant was achieved every 4 weeks on the optimal MS medium (MS+8.88μM BA+0.49μM IBA). The described method has potential to produce large numbers of plantlets within a short period of time to expand its cultivation for medicinal uses.

Effect of some growth regulators on in vitro micropropagation of Ru140 grape rootstock

This investigation was conducted on Ru140 grape rootstock at the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus with the aim of in vitro vegetatively micropropagation using some plant growth regulators on multiplication and rooting to determine the best combinations and concentrations of plant growth regulators that result in the best multiplication rate, and best rooting crekeria (rate and roots number and length). Results demonstrated that, the best medium for in vitro micropropagation of the studied rootstock was the modified MS medium supplemented with 4.44 μM BA + 0.49 μM IBA with multiplication rate of 7.72 new shoots every 4 weeks, and shoots lengt of 5.54 cm. These shoots were transferred for 4 weeks to among elongation medium containing the same medium with the addition of Kinetine at a concentration of 2.22 μM instead of BA which led to a shoot elongation rate of 7.87 cm, then these shoots were transferred to rooting medium for rooting, It was shown that using auxin IBA at a concentration of 4.44 μM resulted at the highest rate of rooting (87%) with the largest number of roots (7.56) when using the auxin IBA concentration μM 4.44 compared with the rest of other transactions and with the control as well. However, The highest length of roots (6.29 cm) was observed on medim contained lower IBA concentration (2.22 μM). Rooted Plants were acclimatized gradually to ex vitro conditions with 70 % efficiency.

Effect of Several Factors on Rooting of Kiwi (Actinidia chinensis( Wooden Cuttings Using Plant Growth Regulators

A study on the propagation of female kiwi trees (Hayward variety) by wooden cuttings, using plant growth regulators, was conducted at Latakia Agricultural Research Centre during the seasons 2009, 2011 and 2012. Two dates for collecting cuttings (January and February) from kiwi trees which were selected. On each date, the cuttings were divided into three groups according to cutting location on the shoot (basal, middle and apical). The NAA and IBA growth regulators were applied at several concentrations, in addition to two treatments of the mixture of both growth regulators.