In field's experiment had been done in the Tartus governorate during the growing season (2013-2012) Different rates of organic fertilizers were used, the experimental transactions were (10) treatments, control (without fertilization) sheep wastes(10-
20-30)tn/h, cow wastes(10-20-30)tn/h, poultry wastes(10-20-30)tn/h.
This study aimed to know the effect of adding these fertilizers on
biological properties of the soil (the number of physiological groups of microorganisms, and soil respiration).
The Results showed increasing in the number of Hertotrophic
bacteria , Actenomycetes in the soils which were fertilized in
poultry wastes(20),(30)tn/h, and increasing in the number
of(bacteria, using mineral from nitrogen, and decomposed of
celluose micro organisms) in the soils which were fertilized in
poultry wastes(30)tn/h and cow wastes(30)tn/h.
As for fertilization, The Results showed decreasing pH in the soils
which were fertilized cow wastes(30)tn/h, while soil contents of
available P and K and organic mater increased in soil which were
treated fertilized in poultry wastes(20),(30)tn/ h, and cow
wastes(30)tn/h.
This study was conducted at Darya and Abe Jerash regions to study some Physical properties of the two soil types such as: soil depth, soil texture, bulk density, Specific weight and Porosity. Results showed that Bulk density average decreased and the
total porosity increased in the soil of Darya compared to soil of Abe Jerash, due to the high percentage of clay in the first type compared to the second one. Bulk density average in general, increased in both soils with depth.
Presence of a strong and positive relationship between the Specific weight and the percentage of sand in the soil of Darya and it was
also strong but inverse in the soil of Abe Jerash, but the relationship was. The coefficient of determination was high for
silt with Specific weight in the soil of Darya, while this factor
was low in the soil of abe Jerash, indicating the high quality of the regression equation that represents the relationship between the two variables in soil of Darya.
In order to implement this research soil profiles selected on a toposequence
were systematically collected from different geohorizons. Results indicated that
topographical factors played important roles in determining some soil features
such as th
e depth, texture distribution of CaCO3 and the fertility matter. The
study showed that the soil content of minor element was ranged between
moderate to low, and this may be related to the mineralogical composition of
the parent rock and weathering status and to the use of these elements by the
plants uptake during the long lasting exploitation. The results also indicated
that the decrease of these elements was consistent with the decrease of
elevation, such as heading from the slop to the plain. This probably also due to
the relation between the leaching process and topographical position and to a
less extend to the pH of the soil.
This study was achieved to identify some characteristics of clay minerals of
soils in the southern of region (provinces of Daraa, Sweida). Several soils
profiles were selected, forming a toposequence, including the western slope of
Jabal Al Arab a
nd part of Huran plateau which rise about 500-1200m a.s.L.
and rainfall between 250-350mm. These soils usually are planted with rainfed
crops and some trees. Three samples were collected from each profile at depth
0-25 cm, 25-50cm and 50-100cm in order to determine some physical and
chemical of soli characteristics and x-ray and Differential Thermal Analysis
(DTA) were applied to determine the mineralogical composition of clay
minerals. Results indicated that the soils had an clayey texture (37.9 % in Tafas
Dr2 to 67.5% in Tal al Haded SW2), rather high CEC (35-49.4) meq /100g soil,
neutral pH in Sahwa blata SW1 soil (7.1) to slightly alkaline pH (8) in other
soils, low content of organic matter (1)%. CaCO3 ranged of (3.16)% in Sahwa
blata SW1 soil to (25.35)% in Tafas Dr2. Cacium was the dominant cation on
the exchange complex (33.11mq/100g) in TafasDr2, and followed by magnesium
(13.99 mq/100g) in Tal al Haded SW2. Mineralogical analsis by x-ray and DTA
showed the presence of three main clay minerals, Smectites (montmurillonite),
Kaolinite and Mica (probablly illite).
This study was carried out at three different forest sites in Syria in order to
determine the effect of changing rainfall, temperature and soil on kernel
productivity of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.)> these sites included: Jabal Alnabi
Mata, (Tartou
s province, L1), Dahr Alkhoser (Homs province, L2) and E′en
Jron site (Idleb province, L3). Results showed that kernel productivity of stone
pine per tree was 236.3, 252.8, 143 g per tree, and 177, 162.3, and 86.98 kg per
hectare in L1, L2, and L3, respectively. These differences were attributed due
to the variation in the composition, textured and fertility of the soil available in
the three locations studied. It was concluded that trees of stone pine grow better
and superior in Kernel productivity in humid and super-humid bioclimatic
zone.
Monthly population fluctuations of plant parasitic nematode population
associated with root of cotton in central province fields in Syria were studied
over a 2-year period 2008-2009. In both years, the differences between monthly
samples were not
significant. Average of nematode population density in soil
decreased after sowing (May) and near the end of the season (at harvest) in
both years and in all of the central province fields, then the numbers of
nematode increased slowly again in June to reach a peak at mid-season (July).
Ghab region had the higher population density (1180.8 juveniles/100cm3 soil).
An increase in numbers of nematode in soil was accompanied with a decrease
in number in roots. Negative correlation was observed between average of the
initial population density and reproduction factor. Pratylenchus, Meloidogyne
incognita, Rotylenchulus, Tylenchorhynchus were dominant nematode species
in these fields. Also, the infestation of the first three nematode species was not
uniform.
Effect of organic and bio fertilizers (Azotobacter and phosphate solubilizing
bacteria) on production of potatoes and some soil properties was studied in
Tartous.
The experiment consisted of 4 treatments (control soil, soil+manure, soil+
bioferti
lizer and soil+manure+biofertilizer) each replicated four time, for 2004
and 2005 seasons.
Total N, available P, available K, and organic matter in soil were
determined.
Significant increases were observed in most of the inoculated and organic
fertilized treatments compared with the control. However, the treatment
(soil+manure+biofertilizer) was the best and showed significant increases in
potato yield compared with other treatments especially in the next season.
However, the second season was better in yield increase in all treatments
than the first seacon.
This study was carried out to determine the effect of fungicides application
(carbendazim, benomyl, thiram and tolclofos-methyl) on soil when used at the
recommended rates and at duplicated rates on the fungi population in the bean
plant rhizosphe
re. Results showed that tested fungicides caused significant
reduction in the fungi population of rhizosphere bean plant when used at the
both levels compared with control. The tested fungicides caused various
inhibitory effects according to the application rate. However, the duplicated
rate caused remarkable reduction in fungi population. This reduction
continued 2 or 3 weeks when applied fungicides used at recommended or
duplicated rates respectively.
The aim of this study is to highlight some of the soil characteristics in the
area of Daher Aljabal (Sowaida), in particular, the morphological, physical,
chemical, and fertility aspects.
To achieve these objectives, five soil profiles were select
ed on a
toposequence, the profiles were described and bulk samples were systematically
collected.
The characterization of the studied soils reveals that:
-The soils area formed from the original basaltic parent materials, and the
topographical position plays a prominent role in the development and depth of
the soil profiles, and the differences in particle size distribution.
This study was carried out on soil samples collected from Damascus
country side (Alghota – Jesrin), in order to study the impact of organochlorine
insecticides resulted from heavy use for a long time.
The duration of experiment was ١١ monthes cove
ring four season
condition. Samples were taken from two levels, the surface (١٠ cm) and the
deep levels (٣٠-٤٥ cm). Soil samples were extracted by acetone, hexane and
chloroform solvents. Residues were detected by using GC.
