A survey was conducted to determine the frequency and mean densities of
plant-parasitic nematodes associated with cotton crop (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
after the harvesting season 2008 in Syria. Results showed that twelve genera of
plant-parasitic n
ematodes were found associated with cotton crop roots. The
distribution of nematode genera varied between the Syrian governorates,
Pratylenchus spp., Meloidogyne spp. and Rotylenchulus infect most cotton fields
in all syrian governorates. The distribution was relatively uniform between the
governorates. They occurred in 80.7%, 46.6% and 32.95%, respectively, of
tested fields with an average density of 137.2, 59.6 and 574.3 juveniles/100 cm3
soil, respectively. meanwhile, the genus Tylenchorhynchus was found in central
region only. Rotylenchulus was more prevalent in the heavier soils, but
Meloidogyne. was not influenced by soil type. The other nematode genera
detected in this survey were less frequent, their frequency of occurrence were
for Hoplolaimus (19.3%), Scutellonema (31.8%), Tylenchorhynchus (31.8%),
Helicotylenchus (30.7%), Rotylenchus (36.4%), Tylenchus (18.2%), Xiphinema
(3.4%).
Monthly population fluctuations of plant parasitic nematode population
associated with root of cotton in central province fields in Syria were studied
over a 2-year period 2008-2009. In both years, the differences between monthly
samples were not
significant. Average of nematode population density in soil
decreased after sowing (May) and near the end of the season (at harvest) in
both years and in all of the central province fields, then the numbers of
nematode increased slowly again in June to reach a peak at mid-season (July).
Ghab region had the higher population density (1180.8 juveniles/100cm3 soil).
An increase in numbers of nematode in soil was accompanied with a decrease
in number in roots. Negative correlation was observed between average of the
initial population density and reproduction factor. Pratylenchus, Meloidogyne
incognita, Rotylenchulus, Tylenchorhynchus were dominant nematode species
in these fields. Also, the infestation of the first three nematode species was not
uniform.
Field survey was conducted to identify plant nematode genera associated
with maize crop during the period August-October 2003. The study was carried
out at two locations: Kharabo station (Damascus countryside) and Al-Mraieh
station (Deir Al-zowr)
in Syria. 36 complex samples were collected from roots
and rhizosphere soil; nematodes were extracted by two methods Sieving and
Baermann funnel, examined under microscope for identifi cation. Population
density and absulute frequency for each genera were calculated. Results of field
survey showed the presence of 14 genera of plant parasitic, 4 fungivorous, and
12 omnivorous nematodes in maize roots and rhizosphere soil .
In the summer of ١٩٩٨ at the Kearney Agric. Center-University of
California, two experiments were carried out to evaluate solarization methods
for disinfestation of nursery soil from soil born fungi and nematodes. On
rototilled sandy loam soil, ٢m
٢ x ٢٠cm high beds were shaped into place, each
experiment had ٥ treatments with ٣ replications, tow treatments received the
double tent over black or silver plastic. The other ٢ treatments had single tent.
In addition, a nontreated control was placed in the shade.
This research was conducted in laboratory of Nematology in the Center of Scientific
Agricultural Research in Lattakia, to detection of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPNs) in
Citrus Orchards soils in Lattakia governorate.
A total of 66 composite soil
samples were collected from Citrus orchards during (2016-
2017). Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) were recovered from soil samples by the
insect baiting technique, using seventh instar larvae of the Greater wax moth Galleria
mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Infective juveniles (IJs) were collected from G.
mellonella cadavers using the method of White (1927).
EPN isolates were identified based on morphometric methods. Eight isolates were
identified as Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar 1976 (Ord. Rhabditida: Fam.
Heterorhabditidae) .
Positive soil samples ratio was 12.12% of total samples, where EPNs isolates were
extracted from regions (Al-Bassa, Al-Magreet, Al-Shamia, Gio, Al-Kharnoba, Al-Sorsokia,
Fideo, Borj Al-Qasab)0 The soil textures of the EPNs positive samples were (sandy loam,
silt loam, loamy sand, loamy clay sand, clay) with ( pH 6.34- :0.5) and (1.99- 4.82) g\100g
organic content. The electrical conductivity of the nematode positive soils varied from 0.33
to 0.82 ds/m.
