Eva luation of The basalt aggregates for the (in north-west area ' Jesser Al-Shogoor ') use in concrete construction works

Using different alternative materials in concrete mix, and expanding the area of using these materials, is considered very important from scientific, economic, and environmental point of view. Especially the diversity in number of used aggregates. As a result, reduction in the cost of transportation saving the environment, and improving the properties of concrete mix may occur Basalt lava, and volcanic cines are widely present in Syria, but using lava is limited because the studies about Syrian basalt were not enough. The lack of proper mills or crushers to grind basalt to be good to prepare concrete mix. As a result, the investment of using Syrian basalt in preparing concrete mix was very limited. Investigating, and classifying the basalt quarries, is needed to find out if the Syrian basalt is convenient to prepare concrete mix, or bitumen mix. The purpose of this research in to use the natural resources in different Syrian areas in better engineering,environmental,and economical ways through the improvement of engineering sides, increasing the capability of concrete structures, better investment of quarries in Syria, and to get more economical benefit with minimum cost. In this research, an experimental study was achieved to evaluate the basalt in north Syria according to international standards and codes. The composition of basalt Ore was determined by petrogrphic study, with focus on the content of olivine in basalt, and the degree of deterioration.

A Kinetic study of dissolution of Iron and Titanium from Syrian basalt at different conditions

The dissolution rate of Iron and Titanium from Syrian basalt rock was studied by hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, mixture of hydrochloric acid methanol, sulfuric acid methanol solutions. The effects of temperature, time of digesting and concentrations of acids have been investigated, the ratios of solid to liquid and stirring speed were constant (S/L=0.02). It has been clear that when the mixture of hydrochloric acid and methanol (100:50(V:V) HCL:CH3OH) was used, the best dissolution for both iron and titanium was obtained when we digested the rock and it took 6h at 100 ˚C where as the concentration of hydrochloric acid and methanol were [HCl]=11M, [CH3OH] =0.92M, the resulting ratios of dissolution of iron and titanium in the mentioned conditions were 75.53%, 63.19 % respectively.

Pedological study of soil toposequence in Jabal Alarab Sowaida Governorate

The aim of this study is to highlight some of the soil characteristics in the area of Daher Aljabal (Sowaida), in particular, the morphological, physical, chemical, and fertility aspects. To achieve these objectives, five soil profiles were selected on a toposequence, the profiles were described and bulk samples were systematically collected. The characterization of the studied soils reveals that: -The soils area formed from the original basaltic parent materials, and the topographical position plays a prominent role in the development and depth of the soil profiles, and the differences in particle size distribution.

CLIMATE RESPONSIVE BUILDING DESIGN STRATEGIES OF VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE IN SWAIDA CITY, SYRIA

The history of Swaida city in several civilizations was clear through architecture as if it formed a mixture of them all. Each culture had its own way of dealing with the environmental conditions, combining these design strategies accumulatively resulted in a rich architecture that deals with the environment in a very systematic way. On the other hand, the construction strategies dealt with a lot of limitation such as the lack of resources and experiences which were not available during those periods. This report describes the historical and climatical characteristics that Swaida city has, and reviews some design strategies that used to respond to climate challenges.