We study Comparative Preference Classification (CPC) which aims at predicting whether a preference comparison exists between two entities in a given sentence and, if so, which entity is preferred over the other. High-quality CPC models can significan
tly benefit applications such as comparative question answering and review-based recommendation. Among the existing approaches, non-deep learning methods suffer from inferior performances. The state-of-the-art graph neural network-based ED-GAT (Ma et al., 2020) only considers syntactic information while ignoring the critical semantic relations and the sentiments to the compared entities. We propose Sentiment Analysis Enhanced COmparative Network (SAECON) which improves CPC accuracy with a sentiment analyzer that learns sentiments to individual entities via domain adaptive knowledge transfer. Experiments on the CompSent-19 (Panchenko et al., 2019) dataset present a significant improvement on the F1 scores over the best existing CPC approaches.
Traditionally, character-level transduction problems have been solved with finite-state models designed to encode structural and linguistic knowledge of the underlying process, whereas recent approaches rely on the power and flexibility of sequence-t
o-sequence models with attention. Focusing on the less explored unsupervised learning scenario, we compare the two model classes side by side and find that they tend to make different types of errors even when achieving comparable performance. We analyze the distributions of different error classes using two unsupervised tasks as testbeds: converting informally romanized text into the native script of its language (for Russian, Arabic, and Kannada) and translating between a pair of closely related languages (Serbian and Bosnian). Finally, we investigate how combining finite-state and sequence-to-sequence models at decoding time affects the output quantitatively and qualitatively.
The present study aimed to compare the epithelium tissue of mucosa layer of
gastrointestinal tract in three types of lower vertebrates: Scyliorhinus canicula, Sparus
aurata, Salamandra infraimmaculata. The results of the histological and comparativ
e
study showed that the majority of digestion system parts were lined with simple
epithelium tissue while others were lined by pseudostratified epithelium tissue. Goblet
cells were distributed in all studied parts of digestion systems with density in some
locations. Esophagus was characterized by ciliated epithelium tissue, and the tubular
glands were presents in the stomach mucosa. Concerning the Lumina properia, it was
visible in all digestive system parts with some differences according to the animal species
studied.
This research is done to identify the structures of the verb in Ugaritic Language in a
comparative study in Arabic.
This study shows that the verb in Ugaritic Language is studied in terms of its
derivative “root”, its original characters “abstract
ion”, its extra characters , suffixes,
prefixes and, infix , its form and metres “inflection”, its syntactic forms , and its tenses
that it indicates.
Also this study shows that the verb in Ugaritic Language is studied by looking into
its meaning whether it is an intransitive or transitive verb. In addition to study the relations
“syntactic functions” in the Ugaritic sentence.
The impact of the "crisis of comparative literature" (Renee Wilk) in the critical
center of the fire spread in the wild, although the vocabulary did not bear new added to the
efforts of critics and comparison in his time and before. From a research
er dealing with the
issues of comparative literature only pointed out a statement or hint To what Wilk
discussed in his crisis.
The pages of this research may be able to capture the knowledge and methodology of
WELC in formulating the points presented in its crisis, relying on extrapolation and
devising a means, and a tool for the fairness of the previous efforts objectively and
impartially, And its objectives.
Friendship is not a positive social relationship full of moral values .Rather ,it is an
essential existential component that has to do with the human soul on all levels starting
from the significance of a friend in understanding the other, who repr
esents the major
characters in the handled novels of research .The research aims at representing a socialphilosophical
compromise of friendship from a comparative perspective dealing with three
novels different in time and theme to get the relation which exceeds being an embodiment
with which the friend lives with his friend to the self and the other in the major characters
which its special world shaped by blending the life experience with the reality portrayed
shaped by this relation.In conclusion ,it aims that friendship is a vital active discourse .The
most rational part derivate the self of the social weak part , to show his opinion toward
self and world.
Researchers and critics focus on the French comparative research, which is clear and
requires no proof. But perhaps we need to be steadfast by the Russian thinkers and critics.
The research attempts to complete the opening of some neglected windows
with the
intent or purpose of extrapolating and checking the situation that we are repressing through
the prelude to the confidence of the ideas and opinions that produced what is known as the
Russian comparative trend.
Translation forms a scientific, artistic and procedural house that receives texts whose
language and culture are peculiar. It probes them and explores their unique ideas and
treasures to quench its thirst for it is a science and an end by itself. I
t has its bases, its
factors, importance and tools, and it tries to quench others when it becomes a bridge
between different nations and cultures and their various ways of thinking. From this
perspective, the title is a kind of analysis, of what the subtitle is: the essence of translation,
and the comparative literary research so that both will be the object of our study in
continuation of previous studies whose echo could be seen by the reader directly or
indirectly of for being similar.
This research aims at offering a comparative analysis of the “negative sentence” in
the Semitic languages, Akkadian, Hebrew, Ugaritic and Arabic. The research proceeds
from the linguistic use in Hamorabi's legislations, The Genesis, The Holy Quran,
and The
myth of Aqhat. The method used was examining these texts, following up the cases of
agreement and disagreement in the syntactical functions of the negative particles.
I tried in to clarify the effect of these particles in the time-meaning of the syntactical
structure through the negative case of the nominal sentence, verbal sentence, and absolute
negative. Then I presented the features of NOT, the oldest negative particle in these
languages.
This examination allowed the research to survey the cases of the negative sentence
in the light of order and apocopation. It refers to the relation between exception and
negative, negative and interrogation, negative and confirmation. It draws attention to the
phonetic changes in the negative particles.
As a conclusion the research states the linguistic study of the negative sentence is of
the basic body of the language. It does not suffice to study the concept of the sentence as it
is mentioned in the books of Arabic or Semitic syntax. The research proves that the
comparative Semitic study endeavors to deep root the linguistic semantic study of the
particles. It presents scientific explanation in phonetic, syntactical and morphological
cases. The researcher is ushered to a wider space in the field of linguistic analysis of the
structures in the Semitic sentence.
This research consists of two parts. The first part depends on the
previous researches and literature dealing with the subject research "comparative advertising". This research aims through the first part to analysis 'comparative advertising' phenom
enon, advertisers use "comparative advertising" to persuade consumer to buy the brand through information and facts. This research Through field study aims to measure effect of comparative advertising form(one way advertisement VS. two way advertisement) on consumer attitude toward advertising and consumer attitude toward brand and consumer intention to purchase the brand .
Through field study the research shows that there is a significant
effect of two way comparative advertising on consumer attitude
toward advertising and consumer attitude toward brand and
consumer intention to purchase the brand, but there is no significant effect of one way comparative advertising on consumer attitude toward advertising and consumer attitude toward brand and consumer intention to purchase the brand.
