Sibaweih's Book in the Light of Modern Linguistics 1.Methodology

This research highlights the most recognizable basics of Sibaweih's methodology in his book. Altogether, they are not different from the modern descriptive approach. Sibaweih appears in the first Arabic Linguistics Encyclopaedia, in a way that presents the righteousness of his pioneering methodology, as is apparent in the three linguistic levels of: Phonology, Morphology and Syntax. We have traced the method he followed to treat the linguistic phenomena, which in all its forms constitute a constellation of semantic and intellectual operations based on all aspects of this phenomenon, next to the realistic principles that he relied on to achieve his goal. Themselves are the principles that gained circulation in the West later on; as follows: listening; language and speech; spoken and written language; unity of time and place; induction; and categorization.

Evaluation the Response of Some Local Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Varieties to PEG - Induced Osmotic Stress at Early Growth Stage

A laboratory experiment was conducted during 2002-003. The purpose was to develop an effective and rapid screening tool to assess the genetic variability for the response of some local barley varieties to polyethylene glycol- induced osmotic stress at early growth stage. Also this will help to evaluate the relevance of pre-exposure of barley seedlings to sub-lethal (induction) levels of osmotic stress. This might enhance the capacity of seedlings to tolerate the lethal levels of stress.

Translation and the literary comparative research

Translation forms a scientific, artistic and procedural house that receives texts whose language and culture are peculiar. It probes them and explores their unique ideas and treasures to quench its thirst for it is a science and an end by itself. It has its bases, its factors, importance and tools, and it tries to quench others when it becomes a bridge between different nations and cultures and their various ways of thinking. From this perspective, the title is a kind of analysis, of what the subtitle is: the essence of translation, and the comparative literary research so that both will be the object of our study in continuation of previous studies whose echo could be seen by the reader directly or indirectly of for being similar.

In the crisis of comparative literature and its cognitive and methodological sources

The impact of the "crisis of comparative literature" (Renee Wilk) in the critical center of the fire spread in the wild, although the vocabulary did not bear new added to the efforts of critics and comparison in his time and before. From a researcher dealing with the issues of comparative literature only pointed out a statement or hint To what Wilk discussed in his crisis. The pages of this research may be able to capture the knowledge and methodology of WELC in formulating the points presented in its crisis, relying on extrapolation and devising a means, and a tool for the fairness of the previous efforts objectively and impartially, And its objectives.

The mechanisms of argumentative inference to the poetry of Early Islamic era

This research fox on the mechanisms of argumentative inference to the poetry of Early Islamic era , and we don't mean of inference the strict logical one , but the pragmatic inference which fucuses on language in the context of use and in the social and cultural context . And this study isn't restricted on political dialectic poetries , so that how many poetries exudes self disappear behind it deep argumentative dimension .

The concept of "spectrum" in Jacques Derrida's philosophy of exclusion and evocation

This research is an interpretive and critical approach to one of Jacques Derrida's theories of deconstructive philosophy, the term "spectrum", which focuses first on trying to define and clarify the meanings that can be contained within Derrida's texts, and then sheds light on its location and importance for the School of Methodological Practice , And in a third stage, this paper presents an illustration of Derrida's divergence regarding the concept of the spectrum that this argument indicates between exclusion and retention and how Derrida's position can be interpreted in this regard. Finally, this research presents a critical approach to the functional role of Derrida's philosophy .

The level of reasoning thinking among students in the sixth grade in Damascus

The purpose of the research was to identify the level of reasoning thinking in a sample of students in the sixth grade for the academic year 2016-2017. The effect of the sex variable (male and female) was defined on their levels.