This research focused on one of the stages of the conventional treatment of water
in the purification stations, a process of coagulation, which enhanced by using
alternatives to alum; such as Ferric Chloride and Poly Aluminum-chloride (PACl),
whic
h play an important role to reducing the turbidity of drinking water through
the destabilization of colloids, which include organic and inorganic materials in
order to increase the efficiency of sterilization and disposal of the side effects of
sterilization (DBPS) and to minimize the problems of clogged sand filters due to
an increase of the turbidity of water inside it. According to that, three types of
coagulant agents were used for the purpose of comparison with each other to achieve
the best efficiency in the process of reducing water turbidity through a process
of coagulation improved by using (Jar-test). Different concentrations of coagulant
agents of irrigation water were used depending on experiments. The results found
that urinary chloride aluminum gave the highest efficiency in reducing turbidity by
(84, 82 and 81%) according to the addition of concentration for coagulation (20
ppm, 10 ppm and 5ppm), respectively. The reduction rates in turbidity for Ferric
chloride were (79, 78.2 and 78.1% ) by concentrations added, respectively, but for
alum, the reduction rates in turbidity were (58, 56, and, 54%) by concentrations
added, respectively.
The study was conducted on winter date (15th of Febraury), during 2015 and
2016 seasons, to study the effect of spraying calcium chloride CaCl2
concentrations (2, 4, and 6%), on the manufacture traits assigned in randomized
completely block design (RCBD) with four replicates.
Photosynthetic transport was studied as an indicator of photosynthesis efficiency in
two bread wheat cultivars (ACSAD 899, ACSAD 1059) under the influence of one of the
salt stress.
This study was carried out in sand cultures irrigated with nutrie
nt solution in a
growth chamber, and 14 days seedlings were treated with 100 mM of sodium chloride.
Later the electron transport rates in those plants thylakoids were measured in 21, 28, 35
days of the experiment.
Electron transport rates decreased in ACSAD 899 and reached 57% in the last day of
the experiment, while it was 24.6% in ACSAD 1059.
The decrease in photosynthetic electron transport rate leads to a decrease in the
reduction rate of CO2 and the plant productivity as a consequence. Therefore, it could be
used as criterion to express photosynthesis.
This research aims to study the effectiveness of each(ferric chloride , ash and coffee
dregs) to remove phosphorus from Lattakia Port Laboratories' waste water which is
assembled in a separate sewage pit by doing laboratory experiments on water con
taining
high concentrations of phosphorus, whether real wastewater or standard solutions of
phosphorus oxide. Where it has been experimenting with ferric chloride at doses as weight
average(FeCl3/P = (0-5)) to give effectiveness ratios(70- 80)% with determining the value
of the pH-compliant and it was noted re-releasing of phosphorus time after(10-12) hours of
the start of precipitation, beside that it has been experimenting with ash as adsorpted agent
at doses as weight average(Ash/P = (2-4.5)) to give effectiveness ratio which it had
reached to 98% where it was noted re-releasing of phosphorus after 11 hours with
determining the pH values of approval for that, As coffee dregs when added in
doses)Coffee dreg/P = 3-10) as weight average, it fulfilled proportion removal(40 - 99) %
and phosphorus re-released after 24 hours. The outcome of these experiments was to
propose the most appropriate economic solution in the case of study.
At Tishreen University in the Faculty of Agriculture a study was performed during
the year(2014-2015),The experiment aimd to demonstrate the effect of increasing
concentrations of both sodium chloride(0,10,15,20 dsm-1) and gibberellic acid(0,25,75,
100
mg/l) and their interaction on some yield components of weat (SHAM10).The experiment
was designed as Completely Randomized Design(CRD)by three replicates(3x4x4).Data
were statistically analyzed to find out the least significal differences (LSD)between
treatment at(0,05)level.Results indicated that increasing of sodium chloride concentration
caused significant decreases in yield components(biological
yield,spikelength,numberofspikelets/spike,number of grains/spike,weight of1000 grain and
grains yield/pot.The treatment with GA3 acid especially (75)mg/l indicated significant
increases in all averages of yield components.Results of interacions for both factors
indicated that foliar aplication of GA3 acid counteracted that advers effects of high
concentrations of sodium chlorde of yield components of the (SHAM10).
The pollution is one of the most important problems facing the
electrical networks, especially in the Syrian Arab Republic, and
after that expanded of pollution sources on the one hand, and
because the power supply has become related to all economic
and daily life sections.
تبحث هذه الدراسة في تأثير المعاملة في مرحلة ما بعد القطاف بالغمر بمحاليل كلوريد الكالسيوم خلال التخزين المبرد على جودة ثمار الكيوي وقدرتها التخزينية
This research has included quarterly and periodically physical and chemical analysis of treatment wastewater in the Latakia countryside during year 2011 by testing three treatment plants similar in the mechanism of action and distributed in three v
illages (Happit, Al-Harah, Marg Moairban).
This study has included the measurement of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and determination of nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, and chloride.
In this research, potentiometric using Selective Electrodes ISEs, the Visible Spectrum, and the Turbidimetry methods were used.
The results showed significant differences in concentrations of the studied ions between one station to another. The highest nitrate concentrations (228.33mg/l) were recorded in Happit treatment plant especially in summer, and the highest phosphate concentrations (41.81mg/l) were in Happit treatment plant in summer. Whilst the highest sulfate concentrations which ranged between (508.67– 1157.33)mg/l were in Al-Harah treatment plant at all seasons. The highest chloride concentrations (310.33mg/l) recorded in Happit treatment plant in summer.
The statistical study has demonstrated and showed high and sometimes low correlation coefficient R2 so that gives clear indications about the sources of pollution.
This investigation was done to study the effect of spray for two times with
CaCl2 0.5% and 1%, high potassium fertilizer and dipping with 2% CaCl2, in
addition to packaging with polyethylene films on the storability of pear fruits
"Coscia C.V". Th
e results showed the significant superiority of high potassium
fertilizer treatment on the other treatments concerning total and single sugars
after harvesting time, while there weren't significant differences between the
other treatments concerning the remaining indicators. After four months of
storage, the packaging treatments were able to the significantly reduction of
weight loss, in addition to preserving the firmness and total soluble solids in the
comparison with unpackaged ones, the average of weight loss in unpackaged
treatments was 15% and 0.65% in packaging treatments, which led to stop the
storage of unpackaged treatments and continue packaging treatments until 7
months. After 7 months, the results showed that the dipping with 2% CaCl2
revealed the high weight loss, while was the least with high potassium fertilizer
treatment, on the other hand there were no significant differences between
treatments for firmness, total soluble solids and tetra table acidity, while total
and single sugars showed significant differences between treatments. Moreover,
the sensory tests assured the importance of packaging with CaCl2 treatments to
improve storability and quality of pear fruits, which CaCl2 1% packaging
treatment got the highest values for most of sensory tests.
In this study, the effect of different concentrations of sodium chloride
(NaCl) (0, 50, 100, 150 mM) on some physiological characteristics and some
growth indicators of SO4 grape rootstock propagated in vitro was studied at the
laboratories of Gen
eral Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research
(GCSAR), Damascus/Syria. Results indicated that the increase of NaCl
concentration up to 100 mM in culture medium led to reduce the growth
indicators (survival plants, average of the plant length and average number of
buds) with significant differences when compared with the control plants after
4 weeks from culturing on multiplication media, while treatment with 150 mM
of sodium chloride led to death of all plants. Using the concentrations 50 and
100 mM of NaCl also caused decreasing the total chlorophyll content in the
leaves.
