The research aims to analyse the key issue relating to the management of credit risk in Islamic Banks through the analysis of risk management in the Islamic Bank, the types and formats of Islamic finance risks, the methods used to address those risks
and challenges faced by Islamic banks.
The problem with the research terms seems that credit activity is one of the most single important key functions offered by the banks, one of the activities profitable and most dangerous, where credit risk arises as a result of the inability of the debtors to meet their obligations in the dates of maturity, and the consequent loss incurred by the bank, and therefore. It is based on the premise of basic research related to the analysis of credit risk management in Islamic banks, to maintain low levels of credit risk.
The study concludes that the risk of Islamic modes of financing in the forefront of the risks faced by Islamic banks, so that the activation of the role of risk management in Islamic banks to enable them to understand and identify, measure and address the various risks, and minimize possible.
The stock markets are considered the essential motives of the economic growth in any country because of its importance in transforming negative savings (compactness) to a positive savings which benefit both the local economy and the capital's owner;
it has also the ability to obligate who has some money surplus (chunky) by turning it from its rigid or stagnated state to the investment market. The researcher based on the essential hypothesis of efficiency and effectiveness of Damascus stock market in attracting investment; using the descriptive analytical method to collect data, and a questionnaire as a tool for measurement, where distributed to a group of workers in financial brokerage companies, a group of workers in the financial institutions and a group of investors within the Syrian Stock market, in order to see their opinions to check the research hypotheses and look to the future situation.
Among the most important results, Damascus stock market is contributing in the attraction of investment by attracting the foreign and Arabic capitals, the compilation of sterile national savings, and thus increase the market liquidity and leads to provide liquidity to investors, which make them able to create new projects or expand the existing ones.
Constant changes occur to the family requirements of housing with the flowing of time, and these changes
are due to the number of its members, their needs , the standard of living the economic conditions , or as a
result of increasing technical dev
elopments. This implies facing house requirements and applying changes
in the number of the house rooms, or the functions of these rooms. So the family either tends to change its
house to fit its needs, and that exhausts it socially and financially. They made adapt their house with the
family constant needs, and here comes the importance of achieving flexibility as the best economic solution
that reduces the value of the house, of it, by providing the efficiency of the best use of the whole spaces.
In addition, the role of flexibility is to respond to the social stability of families by the best use of the whole
time age of their houses.
This research handles the concept of design flexibility as one of the most economic housing standards in
the thesis of the most important architects , and goes through steps of applying it in the house functionally
and structurally in the designing phase by effective interaction between the designer and the user side by
side.
تستهدف الورقة تحديد السبل المساعدة على تفعيل اقتصاديات دول مجلس التعاون و على
تكيفها في ضوء قواعد و مدلولات الانضمام إلى منظمة التجارة العالمية. و لتحقيق ذلك
استعرضت الورقة- بدايةً- بعض المؤشرات الاقتصادية من أجل تحديد مدى اتجاه دول
المجلس نحو الع
ولمة، و من ثم ناقشت الورقة انضمام دول المجلس لمنظمة التجارة العالمية
و مدى التوافق بين أنظمتها و قواعد المنظمة التجارية، و بعد ذلك وضحت الورقة عدداً من
الآثار الاقتصادية المحتملة لانضمام دول المجلس للمنظمة.
The Syrian Agricultural Sector plays an important role in the national
economy for the sector offers jop opportunities for about 50% of the total
Syrian Labor Forces. Furthermore, the sector Provides foods and clothes for
citizens, raw materials f
or national industry and ameliorates trade balance
deficit.
Cotton is considered one of the social and strategic crop because about 18%
of the total Syrian Labor Forces are engaged in cotton affairs starting from
plantation to consumers. Additionally, cotton is an exporting crop. In this
regard, cotton exporting goods include raw materials, delinted, weaving,
textiles and clothes with values of tenths of billions of Syrian Pounds annually.
- Cotton cultivation comprises about 20% of the annually irrigated areas,
and thus reflecting its relative importance of the Syrian Agriculture. Therefore,
our economical study on cotton includes several aspects such as agricultural,
productivity, trading, social and industrialization. The study is based on official
statistical data, which was been analyzed and discussed in according with
certified scientific principles for such studies.
This research aims to know about international coin systems and how it affects
on undeveloped countries. It will study the gold system in the mercantile and the
role in steal the developed.
The research studies the system in the period between 191
4-1945 after
distracted the global and Breton woods and how it affects on the undeveloped
countries, discovered many result and some suggesting to save the undeveloped
countries.
This study attempts to answer the following main question, what is the impact of social responsibility and job satisfaction on performance of the Syrian Shareholding Companies? And therefore its results can help these companies to clarify the practic
es that lead to improve its competitiveness, by increasing their compatibility with their employees and the community in which they operate
We aimed in this research to suggest an Insurance Regulatory
Information System (IRIS); it is integrated with the nature of the Syrian
insurance market. This system consists of scientific, practical and
separated indicators for evaluating the p
erformance of the Syrian
insurance companies.
Moreover, this system consists of previous indicators which are
divided into four groups. Each group studies a different side of risks that
are faced by the Syrian insurance companies. We devised a mechanism to
distinguish among the studied sample according to the proposed
indicators. Depending on earlier mechanism, the studied companies are
classified into the companies that have positive performance and others
that have negative one.
We have applied the suggested IRIS to the studied sample which
includes one Syrian public insurance company and six private insurance
companies. We depend on appropriate statistical methods to test
hypotheses during the studied period to achieve objectives of the research.
Major findings serve the decision makers in the Syrian insurance
companies. Suggested IRIS is a new scientific method which should be
used in the local insurance field.
Future studies should be interested in developing and increasing
the number of previous indicators.
This research has tried to study side of the overlap between the
financial accounting and the tax accounting, which could cause effects on
the results of tax by the measurement accounting acts, this research has
studied the impact of the earnin
gs management in companies on the
results of tax of these companies, and the impact of the income
smoothing, as a special mechanism of the earnings management, on the
results of tax, the income smoothing has been studied in this research as
the management when smoothes the income it doesn't recognize incomes
in the accounting periods itself where there are these profits, but it acts on
distribution the income among the years to ease fluctuations in earnings
among accounting periods, and thus it avoids large payable taxes in the
progressive tax which is compatible with high profits, so that it works to
keep profits within the limits of acceptable deductions, but in this
research and in the case of the non-progressive Syrian corporation tax
which removes the last effect of income smoothing on the Syrian
corporation tax, but can be done to take advantage of the process of tax
planning to schedule the taxes that are paid among years, therefore this
research has tested the relationship between income smoothing and
taxable income, and has tested whether there are tax motivations behind
the income smoothing, that has been made through testing the
relationship between income smoothing with both of "the differences
between taxable income and book income" and "the variation in taxable
income".
The assumed relationships has been tested through testing the
hypotheses by using the appropriate statistical methods to the data which
are obtained from a sample of companies listed in the Damascus
Securities during 2006 to 2012.
I found that there is a strong relationship between earnings
management and taxable income, but theses earnings are not managed
because of tax motivations, and there is a weak relationship between
income smoothing and taxable income
أدركت الكثير من الدول المتقدمة أهمية المشروعات الصغيرة، في دعم الاقتصاد الوطني فوضعت
لها استراتيجية شاملة لتجعل منها الحجر الأساس في البناء الاقتصادي للبلد. كما أنها أجادت توظيف واستغلال هذه المشروعات في تغذية المشروعات الكبرى بالمنتجات الصغيرة والو
سيطة.
أما بالنسبة لموضع في سورية فقد عانى الاقتصاد السوري من مشاكل عديدة تمثلت في مجموعة من القضايا الاقتصادية التي شكلت بمجملها مجموع العوائق التي ساهمت في الحد من تحقيق التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية، كان أهمها البطالة بكافة أنواعها، حيث لم يسمح نطاق الإنتاج والأساليب الفنية للإنتاج باستيعاب فائض عرض قوة العمل.
