تشكل المناطق الريفية قسم كبير من المنطقة الساحلية في سوريا، و يتم الربط بين هذه المناطق و بين مراكز المدن بشبكة من الطرق. تشكل كل من هذه الطرق و وسائط النقل التي تسير عليها نظام النقل الريفي، و الذي يتميز بخصائص عامة تتمثل بمستويات منخفضة لكل من حركة المرور و النشاط الاقتصادي و كثافة السكان، و بمسافات طويلة بين المراكز مثل مراكز الخدمة، كما يتميز تقديم الخدمات و العمليات و الصيانة بتكاليفها العالية, و غالباً ما تكون هناك ظروف جغرافية و طبيعية صعبة.
تعرّف تكاليف تشغيل العربة بأنها التكاليف التي تتنوع مع استخدام العربة، و تشمل هذه التكاليف كل من الوقود، الإطارات، الإصلاح، و الصيانة ...الخ، و التي تعتمد على عدد الكيلومترات المقطوعة.
خلال الدراسة تمت زيارة وكالات النقل، و ورش الصيانة، إضافةً إلى إجراء مقابلات مع عينة عشوائية من سائقي النقل العام العاملين على بعض المحاور الريفية في المنطقة الساحلية، بهدف الحصول على المعلومات المطلوبة حول تكاليف تشغيل المركبة و صيانتها.
انتهى البحث بتحديد أهم العوامل التي قد تؤثر على تكلفة تشغيل المركبة على المحاور الريفية (صيانة المركبة، تكاليف الوقود، نوعية الطريق.....)، و باقتراح جملة من التوصيات بهدف تحسين نظام النقل العام و رفع كفاءته في المناطق الريفية.
Rural areas form a large part of Syria's coastal area. Linking between these areas and city
centers transact of a network of roads. Each of these roads and transport means form the
rural transport system which characterized by general characteristics of low levels of
traffic, economic activity and population density, and long distances between centers such
as service centers. The presenting of services, operations and maintenance characterize at
high costs, and there are often difficult geographical and natural conditions.
Vehicle operating costs refer to costs that vary with vehicle usage, including fuel, tires,
maintenance, repairs…etc., which dependent on the mileage.
Transportation agencies and maintenance workshops were visited during this study. As
well as, interviews have been done with a random sample of public transport drivers
working on some rural axes in the coastal area, in order to obtain the required information
about the vehicle operating and maintenance costs.
The study concluded by identifying the most important factors that may effect on the tariff
of passenger transport on rural axes (maintenance of the vehicle, fuel costs, quality of the
road .....) and proposing a number of recommendations aimed at improving the public
transport system and raising its efficiency in rural areas.
References used
MEYER, M; NELSON, CH; PENG, Zh. Development of a Methodology for Evaluating the Economic Impact of Rural Public Transportation in Georgia Counties. Transportation Research and Education Center Georgia Institute of Technology, March 29, 1996,1-2
WEISBROD, G; WEISBROD, B. Assessing the Economic Impact of Transportation Projects. Number 477, ISSN 0097-8515 , Transportation Research Board, October 1997,5
TRANSPORT AND MAIN ROADS. Cost-benefit Analysis manual. First Edition, February 2011, 25-26
Most of the villages and rural communities are suffering, particularly in Tartous
region, of poor organization of transport and serve the people. Therefore the movement
between rural and city become a great suffering for most people.
This research
the main pillar of banks, in the monetary system through which can be
critical for the system to function in any country, especially in light of the
rapid developments in the economic life and the importance of the role
played by banks, we have th
The importance of consumer lies in the role that he/she is playing in the companies'
and institutions' activities which offer their products and services for him/her. The
successful marketing strategies depend on the deep understanding of the dimen
This study aimed to examine the extent of disclosure in the annual
reports of Syrian private banks for the financial year 2015.
The level and extent of disclosure was examined by applying the
disclosure index on the annual reports.
Four dependent
This paper aims to identify the most important internal factors may
effect on profitability of Syrian private banks during the period
(2009-2015).
To achieve the objective of the study, Researcher study the
dependent factor profitability measured