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Study the genetic response of some varieties of chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) to form a callus Haploid in vitro

دراسة الاستجابة الوراثية لبعض أصناف الحمص (Cicer arietinum L.) لتكوين الكالس أحادي الصيغة الصبغية مخبرياً

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 Publication date 2015
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University. Because of the importance of the food and economic of chickpea, two Winter chickpea cultivars (Ghab 4, Ghab 5) and two Vernal chickpea cultivars were used (ILC263, ILC1929) and planted in pots until flowering, so the floral buds were picked before opened and washed with distilled water and alcohol three times. Anthers were separated and treated at preliminary temperatures (4 Cْ for 48 hours, and 35 Cْ for 12 hours), then it washed with a solution of hypochlorite of sodium( Naocl 2%) for a period of 15 minute, and washed with distilled sterilized water ,then where planted on the environment Murashige and Skoog ( MS) equipped with 1, 3 and 5 mg/L of auxin 2,4, D, as well as 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg /L of Cytokinin Benzyl Amino Purine( BAP) individually and with interaction between them and incubated under conditions of 27 Cْ and 75% of the humidity and the intensity of 1500 Lux of light for 16 hours. The main objective of research was to study the effect of both preliminary heating treatment , quality and concentration of used hormone on producing callus from used chickpea cultivars anthers. Results showed difference in cultivars response in the treatment of both temperature and single hormone, so Ghab 5 cultivar was the most responsive to the formation of callus, while the results indicated that the highest percentage of the formation of callus was 40% when treated at 4 Cْ of Ghab 4 and Ghab 5 cultivars, while ILC263 cultivar showed less response in all the individual treatments for growth regulators. As well as results showed that the significant and catalyst role for using of hormones together with heat treatment, where each of Ghab 5, Ghab 4 and ILC1929 cultivars were the superiority, by the arrival of the percentage of 80% and 60%, respectively.


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Research summary
أجريت هذه الدراسة في مختبر زراعة الأنسجة بكلية الزراعة، جامعة تشرين، بهدف دراسة الاستجابة الوراثية لبعض أصناف الحمص لتكوين الكالس أحادي الصيغة الصبغية. استخدمت الدراسة أربعة أصناف من الحمص، صنفان شتويان (غاب 4، غاب 5) وصنفان ربيعيان (ILC263، ILC1929). تمت زراعة هذه الأصناف في ظروف مخبرية محددة، حيث تم تعريض البراعم الزهرية لمعاملات حرارية مختلفة (4 مئوية لمدة 48 ساعة و35 مئوية لمدة 12 ساعة) ثم زراعتها في بيئة مزودة بمنظمات نمو نباتية (أوكسين 2,4-D وسيتوكينين BAP) بتركيزات مختلفة. أظهرت النتائج أن الصنف غاب 5 كان الأكثر استجابة لتكوين الكالس، حيث بلغت نسبة تكوين الكالس 40% عند المعاملة بدرجة حرارة 4 مئوية. كما بينت النتائج أن استخدام الهرمونين معاً مع المعاملة الحرارية أدى إلى زيادة نسبة تكوين الكالس لتصل إلى 80% في بعض الأصناف. أظهرت الدراسة أن المعاملة الحرارية المنخفضة كانت أكثر فعالية من المعاملة الحرارية المرتفعة في تحفيز تكوين الكالس.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر هذه الدراسة خطوة مهمة في مجال تحسين إنتاجية الحمص من خلال تقنيات زراعة الأنسجة. ومع ذلك، يمكن توجيه بعض الملاحظات النقدية لتحسين البحث. أولاً، كان من الممكن توسيع نطاق الدراسة لتشمل أصناف أخرى من الحمص لتحسين شمولية النتائج. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى الآثار الجانبية المحتملة لاستخدام منظمات النمو النباتية على البيئة أو صحة الإنسان. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن استخدام تقنيات تحليلية متقدمة مثل التحليل الجيني لتحديد الأسباب الوراثية للاستجابة المختلفة بين الأصناف. وأخيراً، كان من المفيد تضمين دراسة اقتصادية لتقييم تكلفة وفوائد استخدام هذه التقنيات في الزراعة التجارية.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من هذه الدراسة؟

    الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة هو دراسة تأثير المعاملة الحرارية ونوعية وتركيز منظمات النمو النباتية على إنتاج الكالس أحادي الصيغة الصبغية من أصناف الحمص المختلفة.

  2. ما هي الأصناف المستخدمة في الدراسة؟

    استخدمت الدراسة أربعة أصناف من الحمص: صنفان شتويان (غاب 4، غاب 5) وصنفان ربيعيان (ILC263، ILC1929).

  3. ما هي النتائج الرئيسية التي توصلت إليها الدراسة؟

    أظهرت النتائج أن الصنف غاب 5 كان الأكثر استجابة لتكوين الكالس، وأن استخدام الهرمونين معاً مع المعاملة الحرارية أدى إلى زيادة نسبة تكوين الكالس لتصل إلى 80% في بعض الأصناف.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة؟

    أوصت الدراسة بضرورة استخدام المعاملة الحرارية المنخفضة وخليط من الأوكسين والسيتوكينين لتحفيز تكوين الكالس في أصناف الحمص المختلفة.


References used
رقية , نزيه ؛ سعد , فؤاد. محاصيل الحبوب و البقول, منشورات جامعة تشرين, 2005
المجموعة الإحصائية السنوية السورية لعام 2010
Anwar F., Sharmila P., Saradhi P. P.(2009) No more recalcitrant: Chickpea regeneration and genetic transformation. In: African Journal of Biotechnology V. 9(6), 8 February 2010 P. 782-797
Bellido L., Fuentes M.,(1990) Cooking quality of chickpea, Options Mediterraneennes- Serie Seminire 9 : 113-125
Croser J.S., Lulsdorf M.M., Davies P.A., Clarke H.J., Bayliss K.L., Mallikarjuna N., Siddique K.H.M.(2006) Toward Doubled Haploid Production in the Fabaceae: Progress, Constraints, and Opportunities. In: Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences,V. 25: 2006 P.139–157
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