Macro-Average: Rare Types Are Important Too

While traditional corpus-level evaluation metrics for machine translation (MT) correlate well with fluency, they struggle to reflect adequacy. Model-based MT metrics trained on segment-level human judgments have emerged as an attractive replacement due to strong correlation results. These models, however, require potentially expensive re-training for new domains and languages. Furthermore, their decisions are inherently non-transparent and appear to reflect unwelcome biases. We explore the simple type-based classifier metric, MacroF1, and study its applicability to MT evaluation. We find that MacroF1 is competitive on direct assessment, and outperforms others in indicating downstream cross-lingual information retrieval task performance. Further, we show that MacroF1 can be used to effectively compare supervised and unsupervised neural machine translation, and reveal significant qualitative differences in the methods' outputs.

Self- Efficacy and its relation with the Types of Classroom Discipline for the Students Teachers A field study on a sample of Students teachers from the faculty of Education / Classroom Teacher/ in Tartous university

The research aimed to identify the level of self-efficacy and types of classroom discipline and the relationship between them for the students teachers in the College of Education at Tartous University. Using the descriptive method to validate the research hypotheses, the sampling consisted of (76) male and female students of the Faculty of Education for the year 2015/2016, a questionnaire of Self-efficacy (Slimon, 2004) was used and along with a questionnaire of the types of classroom discipline(Alharahsheh and alkhawaldeh, 2009) after verifying the validity and reliability, and a statistical program for educational and psychological (spss) was used. The research found the following results: the students teachers had a high level of self-efficacy, as the value of mean reached (3.882) with a standard deviation of (0.541) The classroom discipline types had the following order: The indicative type at first (3.850), then the reprimand type(3.276) and the punitive type came at least (2.910). There is also an extrusive positive correlation between the level of self-efficacy and types of classroom discipline. The Self-efficacy was affected by variable of sex but wasn't affected by variable of secondary certificate. And the type of classroom discipline wasn’t affected by variables: sex, and secondary certificate. The researcher concludes a number of suggestions like: training students teachers on the positive classroom discipline skills, and raise their level of self-efficacy, conducting more studies about the subject.

The Role and Importance of the Syrian Investment organization in rebuilding and Development

Investments are generally real and actual swatch of overall community development، development that generate power from factors and of itself and of itself، the importance of investment flows in difficult circumstances with which that State as it is now in Syria، and especially that she was subjected to significant losses as a result of this unjust war waged since March 15، 2011، and therefore reflected the priority of economic policy generally improving economic indicators of economic growth rate and GDP and improving The balance of trade and increase cash reserves and others، Syrian investment body policy particularly stimulating domestic and foreign investment and attracted to Syria، and that is the essence and substance of our research.

Effect of Leishmania Parasite Infection in Some Blood Parameters of People Infected with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Syria

This study was performed on blood samples of 60 people [21females, 39 males]which have visited the center of leishmaniasis in lattakia city, and their infection with cutaneous leishmaniasis was confirmed. The people were divided into three age groups where each group contained 20 patients, the first group [10-18 years,3females and 17males], the second group [19-30 years,8 females,12males],and the third group [31- 50years,10 females and 10males]. The following tests were evaluated to each blood sample: total white blood cell count, differential white blood cells count, hematocrit test, and blood group type test.

Studying the Impact the profitability of the tobacco types produced in the Syrian coast on the Agriculture Domestic product during the period (2000 -2011)

Given the economic importance of tobacco in the Syrian coast, which is one of the most important agricultural crops which contribute to raising the level of economic life. In this research we focused on studying the varieties of tobacco produced in the Syrian coast by studying the quantities produced of each item and the costs and revenues of the production and profitability of production and its role in agricultural GDP during the period (2000-2011), which gives a clear picture of the impact on economic development, through applying multiple regression to examining the contribution of various tobacco varieties produced on the Syrian coast agricultural GDP, and is based on data collected from the General Organization for tobacco and cigarettes company in the governorate of Latakia. One of the most important findings: 1. Type Verginia achieved higher profitability during the period (2000-2011), while the lowest type Zegreen profit achieved during the same period. 2. - Shak Elbent followed by Verginia and Tanbak are considered the most important types and the most contributable to the Agricultural Domestic Product (ADP). 3- There is no impact of the profitability of Basma and Prilep and Gernata and Zegreen and Berly types produced in the Syrian coast on the Agricultural Domestic Product (ADP).

Characterization and evaluation of types of local apples deployed in Kassab and Alraboa locations

This study was conducted in 2013 in Kassab and Alraboa locations that is located in the province of Latakia, where carried out with the aim of rounds field inventory and characterization of types of local apples deployed in this locations. Was to determine which of five local types for apples are: Brobory and Sokary and Cherkhoshy and Malaky and JbakJian, and the outcome of the analysis of variance at the level / 5% / virtual studied for recipes of (17) characters for the leaves, blossoms, fruit and seed. These types showed clear differences formality between each other, in addition to the significant differences in terms of the content of total sugar, acidity, total soluble solids and the percentage of vitamin C, by calculating the degree of similarity between these types have found a higher degree of similarity was between the types Cherkhoshy and Jbak Jian(41.17)% , and the least was between Malaky and Sokary and between Sokary and Jbak Jian(5.88)% .

Data integration of Remote Sensing (RS) and spectrum recordings of the ground by using radiometer to define the types of soils to the east of Hama city

Studing and defining the types of soils by using the method of integrating data of remote sensing and the devices measuring the reflex rays such as radiometer and spectrometer ….etc is considered one of very recent technology in such study,so that we define the reflexed spectrum intensity for the ground targets where the soil is one of them that directly in the field and making comparsion of this results with images of satellites where the channels of device do on the same spectrum ranges of the satellites. The expense of using the ground method is high an it requires long time comparativilty using the space images to the same target. In this research types of soils determined their speed boundaries,drawing a map and making the reflexed graph for them.

The position of fruitful neglected trees in Syrian Arab Republic in general and the Syrian coastal in specific

During the last twenty years there was an increased interest to large extent in crowing up the fruitful trees all over the world. That is a natural result of knowing its high feeding value beside its being good source for income. Due to its economical importance, there was variety of searches and studies which approached its farming.

Evaluating the performance of some barley genotypes (Hordeumvulgare L.) under rain-fed conditions based on some physiological raits

The performance of some barley genotypes was evaluated under rain-fed conditions in Dara'a (Izra'a) during two successive growing seasons (2009-2010/ 2010-2011) in order to determine the most relevant physiological traits, which are genetically associated with drought tolerance and grain yield. The trial was laid out according to the factorial complete randomized block design, with three replicates. The leaf area index (LAI) was significantly lower in the wild relatives compared with the varieties and land races. Relative water content was significantly higher during the second growing season (87.19%) compared with the first one (71.57%). Solute leakage was significantly lower during the second growing season (69.50%) compared with the first growing season (76.49%). It was noticed that the genotypes which have achieved significantly higher grain yields, could also maintain significantly higher relative water content in the leaves, (Acsad176, Acsad1182 and Acsad60), and were superior in maintaining membrane integrity, and leaf area index, indicating the importance of such traits in improving drought tolerance and maintaining production capacity.

Ecogeographical distribution of wild olive (Olea sylvestris mill) in the province of Hama

This research was conducted during the 2009-2010 seasons in order to inventory and locate the spread of wild olive in 17 locations in the province of Hama. GIS and digital maps were used to characterize the sites of wild live distribution geo- graphically, topography and the dominant vegetation. Results showed highly environmental flexibility of Olive wild toward the sea level rise. It was observed prevalence at high 185 m of sea level in Naora Shatha and grading up to 994 m in the western side of Abu Qubeis protected area and more prevalence at the wet and top wet bioatmosphere. Chemical and physical analyses for soils of locations showed dominancy of the mud structure in most locations which reach in some of them to 74% and this help in retaining soil moisture. The vegetation prevalent in locations showed spreading of Oak trees in addition to morphological varieties of wild Olives the sites studied with different forms of degradation in most or all locations.