The oil reservoirs exploitation processes are one of very important
steps of petroleum industry. The rentability of investor reservoir is
related to correct planning and accurate understanding of rock
properties and liquids flow in porous media. T
he complexity of
porous media contains hydrocarbon materials, with phases changes related to thermo-physiochemical phenomena, make the classical methods used to study the reservoir recovery are inaccurate and insufficient to predict the performance and behavior of reservoir.
Recently, simulation and modeling are used to decrease the risks in the decision of the optimal recovery method, and achieve the best possible rentability. This method provides predictive capacity help us to better understanding of reservoir. By the suitable input data, we can solve the calibrated mathematical model analytically or numerically. We present in this research the formulation of
mathematical model of isotropic-one dimension reservoir with
single phase fluid flow. The numerical solution, the application of
this model, and the mechanism of pressure diffusivity along
productive formation, will be presented to simulate a reservoir with injection and production wells.
Neuroprosthesis can be used to restore lost motor functions for paraplegicsby using functional electrical
stimulation (FES). Neuroprosthesis controllers determine the relationship between the stimulation pulses
and joint angles to generate electric
al stimulation patterns for the desired movement.To develop
intelligent controllers, an inverse model which is the basic component of the intelligent controller is built
by using empirical approaches to get a data set that consists of input (stimulation pulses) and output (joint
angles). Because of the numerous exhausting experiments on patients and the need for repetition during
Controller design, this study uses modeling and simulation to generate the data setthrough developing
humanoid model, and simulating practical trials of quadriceps stimulation during swing leg movement.
We connected three programs to develop a humanoid model by building: body segments in Visual
Nastran 4D, muscles in Virtual Muscle 4.0.1, and passive joint properties in Matlab/ Simulink. Then the
humanoid model was used to producethe identification data sets, through applying sinusoidal and random
signals to simulate the stimulation of the knee extensors.
The humanoid model can fit different users by using a number of graphical user interface screens to
change the human and muscles parameters, so it is a generic model. It can be used in developing
controllers to restore lost movement such as standing up, walking, jumping, etc.
The simulation results is similar to practical trials, so using the developed model can reduce the number
of experimental tests to be performed with patients during Neuroprosthesis controllers design.
The Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) uses one center (referred here as the Rendezvous Point “RP”) for all sources in a multicast group. PIM-SM distributes the multicast traffic of a source through a so-called shared distribution
tree, whose root is at a predefined core called Rendezvous Point (RP). It also builds source-specific trees to the sources whose data rates exceed a defined threshold. In the literature, several investigations are done to improve and provide an efficient mechanism for the dynamic relocation of the RP depending on the sources or the members of the multicast group. In this paper, we extend the investigation of three search algorithms used to find the optimal RP position. To evaluate the performance of these algorithms, Estimated Tree Cost (ETC) and our improvement Enhanced Estimated Tree Cost (EETC), are used. The reason behind our choice these two methods is a comparative investigation of the RP-selection methods proposed in the literature. From the comparison we can see that ETC finds the most optimal position of the rendezvous point. The Hill-Climbing algorithm and the standard PIM-SM protocol with static RP-selection are used as a reference for comparison. Our algorithms result in a lower network load compared to RP-selection algorithm. However, they need additional control messages.
Servo pneumatic control systems are able to generate a big forces and high speeds with a high
accuracy. Thanks to proportional valves we are able to control the accuracy and speeds of
motions in servo pneumatic circuits.
Depending on the goal, alm
ost we use the linear cylinders. And we achieved a simulation of
servo pneumatic system using a single and double solenoid proportional valve for inducting
and control. And we confirmed here, that we can choose servo pneumatic components, sizes
and specifications by working on the model translated into linear, then checking the effects of
this model comparing with the complete nonlinear system.
This will help in choosing the components of servo pneumatic systems more easily and helping
the designer to achieve more complicated actual systems with more durability and less cost and
efforts to achieve the needed results.
We discussed in this research improvement of the methods of computerized simulation with practical examples in the field of automation of technical processes. The work has been done on an experimental station, which has been developed specially for t
his reason. It is a multi- purpose station for training on automation of industrial processes using a data acquisition system and program for procuring data and preparing the suitable diagrams .
The purpose of research is to build a model of the electric driving system for threephase
squirrel-cage induction motor using oriented electric field method so as to control
both the speed , flux and current, ( PI ) controllers was used .
The mach
ine model has been formed based on the equations of the machine written
in the stationary coordinates .
To complete the process of control without measuring the rotor flux , a model of flux
from the measured values of stator current and rotor speed was build, and it can be
measured directly .
This paper presents a study aimed at improving the performance of the machine, hot steel rolling, and make them conform to international standards, where the study includes two phases: the first includes mathematical modeling and simulation programmi
ng language with a rolling machine. The second phase will include the development and testing of alternative control systems.
I tested the validity of this model through analyzes of performance curves derived from simulated and compared with the values of the curves and tables station real taken from the HSRMP. Through ensure this form to the parameters of the system characteristic variables representing the performance of the real station, this makes it a useful tool allows simulation of plant performance, explain the behavior of variables The test cases in addition to the possibility of change work and operating strategies to improve the overall operation. From this model performed the initial analysis, which proved the possibility of improving the performance of the station to implement the following modifications:
• Reduce the value of hard integrative models associated with the rings are positioned in the final stage.
• unification of all evil ratios for nutrition workshops.
• Revolving transfer is located in the last phase .
Note: HSRMP ( Hot strip rolling Mill plant ) .
Evaporation forms one of the hydrology cycle elements that it's hard to measure its actual amounts in the field conditions, so it’s estimated by calculations of experimental relations, which depend on climatic elements data. So the research goal is t
o build a mathematical model to estimate monthly evaporation amount in plain area of Syrian Coast, using Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and depending on dry air temperature, and produce comparison study between the results of network and other models. The mathematical model was built by the (NN-tool box), which is one of the v tools. A multilayer ANN architecture of error Back-propagation algorithm was built. The suitable training algorithms, number of hidden layers, number of neurons in each hidden layer, were determined.
The results showed that the ANN (1-9-1) was the best model with MSE of 0.0032 for validation group, using Transfer Function Logsigmoid and Linear in hidden and output layers, respectively.
A comparison model for the results obtained from the proposed ANN with EVANOV model by using SIMULINK technique was developed. This indicated that the ANN using temperature only gives results more accurate than EVANOV equation in determining evaporation.
Fibre optics have greatly developed over the past decades, making it usable in wired communication systems.
It has many advantages such as:
High channel capacity.
Interference immunity.
Low loss.
Security & Immune to intrusion.
That’s w
hy it became so popular in different types of usage.
This article discusses the security of fibre optics, proposes an intrusion detection system able to detect
different intrusion techniques, and specifies the intrusion point depending on modes and optical powers.
As a result of increased environmental awareness and interest in the effective protection
of the environment from pollution, the restrictions have increased on the disposal of
wastewater, and the need to the treatment plants has arisen to treat the
wastewater prior to
disposal in water bodies, whether water from either large or small communities. As a result of
the importance of these facilities and cost of material massive construction, operation and
maintenance. In order to facilitate the design process and calculate the initial cost it was issued
some software that helps engineer in the design of the various parts of the station, and in order
to choose the equipments and comparison between several alternatives in objective ways to
choose the most appropriate. Some of these programs are dynamics. It has the ability to
simulate the work of the treatment plant along the time and predict its efficiency and
performance. STOAT is a software that aims to model and simulate wastewater and industrial
wastewater treatment plant, and it is one of the newest technology that uses the latest
developments in process modelling, simulation and a wide range of tools that simplifies the
model building and simulation and give the results in graphics and tables, allowing us to
examine the complex interactions between the various units within the station by interactive
and dynamic methods and this is important for the effective design, operation and management
of wastewater treatment plants. Hence, we take the coastal area as a case study where there are
number of modern wastewater treatment plants of small agglomeration and is being work, as
Kherbet al-Maaze wastewater treatment plant in Tartous. Using STOAT, the study shows a
good efficiency and performance of Kherbet al-Maaze WWTP using (ASM1,ASAL1) models,
and we could build several scenarios like arrival of high pollution load to the station in order to
evaluate and predict its performance.
