In this study, we present a state-of-art model; we call SYRIA, to simulate the activity of ventricular myocardial cell as an example of simulating a human cell, in which we use the latest mathematical models of cardiac cell. We rely on O'Hara (O'Hara
, et al., 2011) for modeling electrical activity, ions hemostasis, and contracting. Our presented model takes into consideration the role of potassium channels KATP, chloride channels, volume regulation channels based on the Kyoto model (A.Takeuchi, 2006), PH regulation channels based on Leem model (Leem, et al., 1999), and the improvement of the values of some variables based on the results of modern experiments, especially concentrations of ions within the mitochondrial and cytoplasm, the values of calcium buffers in the SR, values of the conductance of membrane channels, and concentrations of metabolites in the mitochondria. The previous models have been linked to a mitochondrial model based on Kembro (Kembro, et al., 2013). The SYRIA model is based on the integration and improvement of the best known models in a hierarchical structure that facilitates understanding, monitoring and reuse, we also present models for testing drugs and some external influences. The programming process is done using blocks of M-file and S-function in Simulink.
By comparing the results obtained from the simulation with the laboratory results, we observe that computer simulations give results within the normal physiological range
.
Background: longitudinal and radial systolic function are weakened by cardiac diseases and
longitudinal one is weakened first. Assessment of left ventricular LV systolic function is important
in management and prognosis of cardiac diseases. Mitral
annular displacement MAD is used to
assess LV longitudinal and global systolic function.
Objectives: To validate the accuracy of MAD assessed by Doppler tissue imaging DTI and
m-mode echocardiography MME as a surrogate for determination of LV systolic function in
pationts with ischemic heart disease and/or heart failure, and maybe easy and fast way instead of
conventional echocardiography assessment of LV function. This way permits to study the function
of LV longitudinal cardiac fibers function while the conventional ways of echocardiography
assesses the circumferential shortening.
Patients and methods: We studied a series of 96 patients (men and women) with (ischemic
heart diseases,heart failure) divided into three age groups and compared with another 59 healthy
age matched volunteers as a control group. We selected subjects from AL ASSAD hospital
/LATAKIA over the year 2014. A medical history, whole medical examination, ECG, conventional
echocardiography were made to each subject. Ejection fraction EF of LV, Doppler recording of the
mitral inflow, MME and pulse wave Doppler tissue imaging PW DTI data (from each four sites of
mitral annulus, anterior, septal, lateral and inferior) were obtained. Mean peak systolic velocity (S
wave), mean annular early diastolic velocity (e') by PW DTI and mean mitral annular displacement
(MAD) by MME were calculated by averaging of values measured at each annular site.
Results: MAD correlate well with LV EF, mean MAD < 11.275 mm determined by MME
has 85% sensitivity and 87.8% specificity and 85.8% accuracy for detection of LV EF < 50%, Mad
was low in patients with infarctions and lower in pationts with heart failure.
Conclusion: Mean MAD connect with a positive relationship with LV EF and can detect the
abnormal systolic motion on the long axis. That means the ability to detect the ischemia in early
stages.
Myxoma comprises 30 -40 % of all benign cardiac tumors in adults. And it occur
about 0.5 – 1 for each million in a year .
Myxoma occur in any chamber of the heart . but have a special
predilection for the left atrium.
Surgical resection is the on
ly effective therapeutic option for
patients with cardiac myxoma . It may be done with any other cardiac surgery ( valve
replacement or CABG ) .
surgery should not be delayed because death from obstruction to flow within the
heart orembolization may occur in as many as 8% of patients awaiting operation .
New studies show a good result for the patients who undergo the surgical resection
for the myxoma . and low percentage of mortality .
• Although cardiac injuries are rare but cause high mortality.
• Up to 20% of the injured to the hospital alive.
• The key to success is early diagnosis and ambulatory surgery.
• Echocardiography help early diagnosis of damage
• Midline transster
nal incision is the choice in patients with a degree of heamodynamic stability.
• Anterieur left Thoracic incision is the choice in unstable patients and is often done in the Emergency Department and as part of recovery .
This study tries to assess the potential anti-atherosclerotic role of adiponectin. It includes 54 patients at Al-Assad University Hospital in Lattakia, who are candidates for catheterization, and control group of 25 individuals.
Serum adiponectin
levels have been measured in both groups, and levels of hs-CRP have been also measured in both groups and compared with adiponectin levels. Catheterization has been done to the patients group and the results of angiography are categorized to mild, moderate, and severe coronary artery disease (CAD) according to the SYNTAX SCORE
The study concludes that serum adiponectin levels are higher in patients with mild CAD(23.86 μg/ml) compared to patients with moderate to severe CAD (13.62 μg/ml);(p=0.001<0.05). The average serum adiponectin levels in control group was (17.1μg/ml). There was no statistically significant of the relation between the concentration of hs-CRP and the concentration of adiponectin .However, there was a statistically significant difference between the average concentration of hs-CRP in the patients group (7.1 mg/l) and the control group (2.7 mg/l); (P=0.003<0.05).
The efficiency of anti-arrhythmic drugs could be weak if they were administrated in insufficient
therapeutic concentrations in target tissues of the cardiac muscle. Anti-arrhythmic drugs concentrations
should be high enough to reach the steady- sta
te for the chronic arrhythmia patients, this could be fatal
due to drug accumulation in the cardiac and body tissues. The most important side effect of all kind of
anti-arrhythmic drugs is the capability to initiate different types of cardiac arrhythmia formations in the
treated individuals. The aim of this study is to prove the effectiveness of delivering an anti-arrhythmic
drug, directly to target tissues of the cardiac muscle by using the Iontophoresis concept, in order to
minimize the side effects in cardiac and body tissues and optimize the benefits of anti-arrhythmic drugs
in target tissues. The results from series of experimental procedures proved that very-low iontophoretic
current's values ranges allow feasible and effective passage of anti-arrhythmic drug's ionized particles
into cardiac tissues, and in the same time they were safe on the innervation of autonomic nervous system
fibers in the cardiac muscle. This study focused on relationships among the different parameters which
control the Iontophoresis procedures.
Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital
anomaly. It presents predominantly in infancy with features of myocardial ischemia or cardiac failure and
may be mistaken for common pediatric cond
itions such as colic, reflux or bronchiolitis. With early
surgical correction the prognosis is good. In this report we present unusual case of a 5-year-old female
with an anomalous left coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) presenting with
chest pain,dyspnea and palpitation during physical exertion.Trans-thoracic echocardiography and
coronary angiography revealed an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery with mitral regurgitation .
She subsequently underwent successful surgical technique where the left internal thoracic(mammary)
artery was used to revascularise the left main coronary artery which is considered as the first unique
procedure in children. Excellent surgical results were obtained and the patient was discharged from the
hospital without complaints.
W.H.O has defined sudden unexpected death as the death that
occurs within 24 hours from the onset of the acute symptoms that preceded
death. The forensic pathologists define it as, any death which occurs
suddenly and unexpectedly, usually from nat
ural causes, in persons who
were apparently in good health and in circumstances that raise suspicion
and surprise. The performance of a complete autopsy in such deaths is
mandatory. The aim of autopsy is to deny any traumatic or poisonous
causes for death, and to find the direct pathological causes of the death. The
aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of this type of death in
Babel governorate, and to compare our results with those obtained by other
studies.
Primary cardiac tumors are considered rarely common tumors. They are
classified into two kinds of tumors: (1) Benign cardiac tumors frequently located
in the left cardiac chambers, mostly common is the Myxoma , which is treated
by complete good ex
cising surgery including excision of the tumor base. (2)
Malignant primary tumors, which prefer the right cardiac chambers, mostly
common are Angiosarcoma and Mesothelioma, whose primary treatment is
nearly complete excision surgery with the help of artificial heart and lung,
followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which seldom prolong the life of
the patient for about three years.
