Adversities are all you need: Classification of self-reported breast cancer posts on Twitter using Adversarial Fine-tuning

In this paper, we describe our system entry for Shared Task 8 at SMM4H-2021, which is on automatic classification of self-reported breast cancer posts on Twitter. In our system, we use a transformer-based language model fine-tuning approach to automatically identify tweets in the self-reports category. Furthermore, we involve a Gradient-based Adversarial fine-tuning to improve the overall model's robustness. Our system achieved an F1-score of 0.8625 on the Development set and 0.8501 on the Test set in Shared Task-8 of SMM4H-2021.

Breast Cancer

-The study covered 143 famale patients with Breast cancer that have visited AL ASSAD and Tishreen University Hospital of LATAKIA in 2014-2017 (Four years) . -The patients were divided into three groups depending on diameter of the Mass, we found out that the most masses were between (2-5cm) in diameter . -The largest age group in our study was (50-60)years,54.54% then (40-50) years,23.77% . -57.34% of procedures were modified radical mastectomy, while 9.79% were conservative surgeries . -It has been noted that the incidence rate of the invasive Ductal carcinoma to Lobular carcinoma was 2/1 . All complications were simple and properly managed and their rate were 32,86%.

Psychological Hardiness and its Relationship with Life Satisfaction for sample of breast cancer patients Afield Study in Lattakia governorate

This research aimed to know the relationship between Psychological Hardiness and the life satisfaction and realized the level of Psychological Hardiness and the level of life satisfaction for sample of breast cancer patients, also aimed to examine the differences in Psychological Hardiness and life satisfaction according to the variables (age, marital status, duration of the disease). The research used Descriptive analytical method, The sample included (112) breast cancer patients in the year 2017. The research used two measures for Psychological Hardiness and the life satisfaction. Validity of the questionnaire was established though a jury of (7) of the teaching staff at Tishreen University. Pilot sample consisted of (28) breast cancer patients. Reliability was established by Cronbach – Alpha Reliability at lest (0.835) for life satisfaction measure, and (0.867) for Psychological Hardiness measure. The final results showed there are positive relationship between Psychological Hardiness and the life satisfaction for the Students. In fact, the level of Psychological Hardiness and life satisfaction for breast cancer patients were middle rated for the sample research. Finally, the study showed significant differences in Psychological Hardiness to the variable age in favor of the more than (45) years, also to marital status in favor of the marries, and to duration of the disease in favor of the breast cancer patients more than (5) years, also there are showed significant differences in the level of life satisfaction according to the variable age in favor of the more than (45) years, also to marital status in favor of the marries, and to duration of the disease in favor of the breast cancer patients more than (5) years.

A Comparative Study between Artificial Neural Network Performance and Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Inference Systems in Breast Cancer Diagnosis Depending On Structural Features

This research aims to produce a diagnosis system for breast cancer by using Neural Network depending on Back Propagation algorithm(BPNN) and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System ‘ANFIS’, the both of studies was done using structural features of biopsies in “Wisconson Breast Cancer “data base. In the end a comparison was made between the two studies of malignant- benign classification of breast masses of breast cancer which has accuracy 95,95% with BPNN and 91.9% with ANFIS system, this results can be consider very important if they compared with researches depending on image features that obtained of various devises like mammography, magnetic resonance.

Relationship BetweenLocus of Control Type and Depression among Breast Cancer Patients in Lattakia

This study aimed to assessing the relationship between locus of control and depression among breast cancer patients. The study was carried out in the chemical and radiational treatment center in Tishreen University Hospital – Latakia, Data collected from15/12/2015 to 15/2/2016.The sample comprised of 100 breast cancer patients. Three tools was been used, the first tool (Demographic and Clinical Data Sheet) was been filling by the researcher, then all patients which participated in the study was asked to answer on the second tool (Rotter's Locus of control Scale) and the third tool (Beck Inventory Scale II). This study found that there was significant statistical relation between locus of controltype and depression degree among breast cancer patients, more than half of breast cancer patients was had depression, and was had external locus of control. So it is recommended study theeffect of training program to modify locus of control type on the incidence average of depression among breast cancer patients.

The Rule of Cathepsin Bin the Tumor Environment in Patients with Breast Cancer

Aim: to assess the expression ofcathepsin B(ctsB; an important protease) in human breast cancer and correlate that with the tumor grade. Materials and Methods:Serial sections were obtained from 23 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded breast cancer tissue specimens which were collected from Alasad University Hospital and a pathological laboratory in Lattakia - Syria. Tissues were stained for cathepsin B using immunohistochemistry. Tonsil tissues were also included as a positive control. Results:Positive cytoplasmic staining of CtsB was observed in both follicular macrophages and endothelial cells in tonsil sections. In breast cancer tissues, tumor cells, endothelial cells and stroma stained positive for CtsB. The presence of CtsB in blood endothelium significantly correlated with the tumor grade (p=0.049). Conclusion: These results supported the important role of cathepsin B in tumor progression, particularly in angiogenesis. Future studies should investigate the regulating mechanisms of cathepsin activities within the tumor environment, and that can be considered as new tagets for cancer treatment.

Effect Of Nursing Care On meeting Cancer Patients' Needs At Homes

Background :In spite of all the advances in health care and medical technology, provision of qualified health care to cancer patients remains one of the major challenges that health care professionals have to face in the next years. this study was conducted with the goal of assessing effect of nursing care on meeting cancer patient's needs at home Methods: by using quazi-experimental design, eighteen breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy were selected (40 experimental, 40 compared). Experimental group patients received supportive psycho-educational interventions for three months, consisted of ( education, progressive muscle relaxation technique, and emotional support), while compared group patients received route nursing care in hospital. After three months the results were assessed by using supportive care needs survey (SCNS) and compared by using independent T test, mean, median. Results : the results show that more than tow third of study patients had unmet needs, first of it were about information needs and emotional needs. And after study interventions these needs were decreased for intervention group patients statistically significant compared with compared group and its priorities were changed after three months. But the interventions did not improve sexual needs meeting. Conclusion: supportive care needs can improve cancer patient needs meeting in home and hospital during chemotherapy. so we recommend ascertain supportive nursing care in hospital and homes.

Using Top-Hat and Bottom-Hat Transforms for Contrast Enhancement of Mammograms

Mammography is widely used technique for breast cancer screening. There are various other techniques for breast cancer screening but mammography is the most reliable and effective technique. The images obtained through mammography are of low contrast which causes problem for the radiologists to interpret. Hence, a high quality image is mandatory for the processing of the image for extracting any kind of information. Many contrast enhancement algorithms have been developed over the years. This work presents a method to enhancement Microcalcifications in digitized mammograms. The method is based Mainly on the combination of Image Processing. The top-Hat and bottom–hat transforms are a techniques based on Mathematical morphology operations. This algorithm has been tested on mini-Mias database which have three types of breast tissues . For evaluation of performance of image enhancement algorithm, the Contrast Improvement Index (CII) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) have been used. Experimental results suggest that algorithm can be improve significantly overall detection of the Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system especially for dense breast.

Automatic detection of breast lesions in mammograms images with features extraction using Otsu's method

A mammogram is the best option for early detection of breast cancer, Computer Aided Diagnostic systems(CADs) developed in order to improve the diagnosis of mammograms. This paper presents a proposed method to automatic images segmentation depending on the Otsu's method in order to detect microcalcifications and mass lesions in mammogram images. The proposed technique is based on three steps: (a) region of interest (ROI), (b) 2D wavelet transformation, and (c) OTSU thresholding application on ROI. The method tested on standard mini- MIAS database. It implemented within MATLAB software environment. Experimental results and performance evaluate results show that the proposed detection algorithm is a tool to help improve the diagnostic performance, and has the possibility and the ability to detect the breast lesions.

Studying the Performance of the Computer Aided Detection (CAD) systems for the micro-calcifications detection in digital mammograms

Breast cancer is the most widespread types of cancer among women. An efficient diagnosis in its early stage can give women a better chance of full recovery. Calcification is the important sign for early breast cancer detection. Mammography is the most effective method for breast cancer early detection using low radiation doses. The studies improved the sensitivity of mammogram from 15% to 30% based on Computer Auto-Detection CAD systems, which are used as a “second opinion” to alert the radiologist to structures that, otherwise, might be overlooked. This article summarizes the various methods adopted for micro-calcification cluster detection and compares their performance. Moreover, reasons for the adoption of a common public image database as a test bench for CAD systems, motivations for further CAD tool improvements, and the effectiveness of various CAD systems in a clinical environment are given.