This research work was carried out in the nursery field of the Faculty of
AGgriculture in Tishreen Univesity during the spring growing season of 2012, it involved
studying some chemical characteristics of potato tubers of Five newly introduced vari
eties
of potato ( Atlas, Bureen, Bomba, Rumba and Orla), in comparision with Spunta variety as
a control.
It was showed that the hieghest large tuber were recorded in Atlas ,Burren and
Bomba. Bomba variety showed hieghest standards tubers (7.8 Kg/ m2). It was showed also
the hieghest dry matter (DM=20.5 %), and Ash content (1.01%) in tubers, were recorded in
Rumba variety. Bureen and Spunta varieties showed hieghest values of starch contents
(14.5 % and 14.4%) respectively. While Vitamin C (VC ( , was encountered ( 19.36, 17.6,
and 17.6 mg / 100g) for Rumba, Spunta and Bureen respectively. Also, the highest values
for protein content (1%) and the soluble solid (5%) in tubers were found in Rumba
variety.
This research aims to study the effect of different treatments of potato plants with a
feeding organ on the growth and yield of potato crop and on the quality of tubers. The
Romano variety of potato was used, and the commercial organic feeder "plan
t energy
1000" was applied in four treatments. The treatments were: a control and three ways for
treating the plants with the organic feeder: by roots, foliage spray, and by both in one
treatment.
The completely randomized design was adopted in this experiment. The experiment
was implemented in the nursery farm of Tishreen University in the spring planting season
of 2012.
The results showed that treating potato plants with the organic feeder led in general
to an increase in the growth, which was reflected in the increase in the fresh weight, total
leaf area and its indication, as well as in the quality and number of tubers, total production
and marketing quality. These results were clearer in the case of the joint treatment: root
feeding and foliage spray together. This treatment showed significant superiority in
increasing production and improving its quality.
The effect of green manure and biofertilizer by using (Lupinus albus and
Lupinus albu s + Rhizobium) on some soil properties and potato growth and
production during two successive seasons of 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 was
studied. The results showed
that green manure provided the soil with 3.75
kg/m2 green organic matter including (398 g dry matter and 14 g nitrogen),
while lupinus albus + Rhizobium provided the soil with 4.55 kg/m2 green
organic matter including (581 g dry matter and 22.3 g nitrogen) and improved
soil chemical properties. The results showed as well that biofertilizer significant
improved potato growth parameters: plant and tuber dry matter, foliage
surface, foliage index, plant length, plant elements content (N,P,K,Ca and Mg),
tuber number and their content of nitrate and protein .The results showed as
well that biofertilizer significant improved marketing potato yield.
Marfona cultivar were chemical mutagen using 20, 30 and 40 mM of Ethyl Methane
Sulphonate (EMS) for 2, 3, 4 hrs in 2013. was conducted to improve potato (Solanum
tuberosum L.) tolerance to salinity. Plants Marfona mutagen from M5 and unmutagen were
cultured with Spunta and Falouka Cvs in 2015. Plants were later subjected to another
selection pressure, by irrigating them using water containing Nacl between 0-200 mM The
results showed that the gradual increase in Nacl concentrations caused a significant gradual
decreases in most vegetative, yield and its component characteristics. Mutant plants varied
with unmutant for Marfona, Spunta and Falouka in plant height varied from 68 to 41 cm
and number leaves varied from 21 to 12 leaf. and stem diameter varied from 1.349 to 0.370
cm and leaf area varied from 235 to 84 cm2. However, produced tubers number varied
from 9.3 to 2.8 and weight them from 740 to 155 grams and tuber weight from 75.2 to 24.6
grams.
The results also showed variations in the extent of tolerance between studied
treatments to salinity stress where 4T3P2 treatment was the most tolerant.
This study was carried out in the nursery gardens of Tishreen University in the
early spring period in 2014, to study the effect of different levels of dry organic manure in
the growth and productivity of potato plants (class Spunta), in randomized
complete
design, study included six treatments: control ( cow organic manure amount of 4 kg/m2)
and five treatment with five levels of dry organic manure (100-150-200-250-300 g/m2)
.The results showed an increase in stem height, number of stem, foliage area, production
and percent of standard tubers by adding dry organic manure at level of 250 g/m2 while
Treatment with 300g/m2 contributed an increase of folige area, height of plant and stem
number while causing reduced plant production,tuber average weight and production of
standard tubers.The result showed also no significant differences between the control and
the treatment of 250 g/m2dry organic manure in each of the folige area, production and
standard tubers
The study was carried out at Tishreen University nursery during the spring of 2015
in order to evaluate the effect of the bio-fertilizer EMI on the growth and production of
Sponta Potato Solanum tuberosum. Four treatments were used as follows: cont
rol, with
water irrigation, spraying and irrigation, spraying.
The results showed that the use of bio-fertilizer EMI improved the growth of plants,
so the surface foliage, foliage index and plant height were increased significantly
comparing with the control.
The results also showed that the spraying and irrigation treatment was the best with a
tuber average weight of 117.7 g/tube obverse (102.7, 115, 109 g/tuber), and a yield of
5864 kg/d obverse (4151, 5569, 5398 kg/d) for treatment (control, water irrigation,
spraying).
The effect of different levels(5,7.5 and 10 ml/L) of EM1 on potato growth and
productivity was studied, using complete randomized design with 4 treatments.
Potato plant (cv.spunta) were grown in nursery garden of tishreen university 2016.
The resu
lts showed that foliar spray of potato plants with EM1 had a positive effect
on studied parameters .
Spraying plants with 10 ml/L of EM1 gave a significant increase in leaf area, plant
high, number and weight of tubers and total yield.
The research was conducted in order to investigate the metal
contaminants (lead Pb،cadmium Cd ، arsenic As), which moves
from irrigation water to many types of vegetables which irrigated
from it,and compared the extent of pollution by irrigation source
(treatment sewage، wells water), and by vegetable type
(Vegetables, fruit plants, tuberous), and by the irrigation method
used (surface irrigation ، modern irrigation).
The present study was conducted at Genetic Engineering Department in Agricultural
Research Directorate in Ministry of Science and Technology/Iraq in 2013, to evaluate
the effectiveness of aqueous extract of cogon grass at concentrations of (0.0 ,0.
25,
0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2%) and Kinetin (0.0, 1.5, 3, 5) mg/L on microtuberization of two
potato varieties; Daimond and Desire, in two separate experiments. All cultures
were placed in a growth room chamber at temeratures of 18-20 °C with darkness
for 90 days, until microtubers harvest. Data of microtuber per plant, diameters and
weights were investigated. Results showed a positive effect of cogon grass extract
at 2% on the number of microtubers and fresh weight (2.1, 104.41 mg, respectively)
and at 1% on the diameter (5.52 mm). Desiree cultivar was the best in fresh weight
of microtubers (188.41mg). The results of kinetin showed a significant effect on
all of the studied traits. The superior kinetin concentration was 5.0 mg/L which
gave the highest number of microtubers 2.22, while the concentrations 3.0 and 1.5
mg/L gave the highest values of diameter and weight ( 6.95 mm and 388.38 mg,
respectively). The two cultivars did not differ significantly in number of microtubers,
while Diamond cultivar was significantly higher in diameter and weight (6.86 mm
and 363.45 mg, respectively).
Experiments were conducted to study effect of radiation and salt levels on plant
regeneration from callus for two cultivars of potato i.e. Riviera and Burren, under
in vitro condition. Results showed that the efficiency of radiation in induced
reg
eneration from callus in Riviera cultivar at salt level of (10 dS m-1) and Burren
cultivar at salt levels (8, 12 dS m-1). For the purpose of making sure inheritance
of salinity tolerant, mutant clones (plants induced from salt tolerant calli, which
planted at salt levels of 8, 10, 12 dS m-1 and plants induced from non salt tolerant
calli, which planted at salt level of 6 dS m-1) and their parental cultivars (Riviera
and Burren) by exposing to salt stress conditions and comparing them with control
(6 dS m-1). Results revealed that the lowest percentage of reduction in plant height,
number of nods per plant and tuberization were observed in salt tolerant mutants.
Plant height and number of nodes/plant can be considered as selective morphological
markers for in vitro salt tolerance .
