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The impact of social, economic and health factors on the external migration of human capital in Syria

أثر العوامل الاجتماعية و الاقتصادية و الصحية في الهجرة الخارجية لرأس المال البشري في سورية

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 Publication date 2018
  fields Economy
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This study aimed at identifying the concept of human capital migration and identifying the main internal causes behind the phenomenon of human capital migration in Syria by studying the impact of a range of economic, social and health factors (unemployment rate, death rate, life expectancy, (15 years and more), the rate of inflation, the graduation rate of undergraduate students and the graduation rate of students of studies in Syrian universities) on the rate of human capital migration, based on the data between 1990 and 2010. The researcher reached the following main results: High inflation leads to l The high rate of migration of the human capital, while the low unemployment rate leads to the high rate of migration, but the high rate of employment leads to a slight increase in the rate of migration and this is because most of the young groups pursue studies outside the country after graduation, The increase in life expectancy at birth leads to a sharp drop in the rate of human capital migration. The high percentage of university graduates leads to a high rate of human capital migration. This is due to the fact that the largest proportion of graduates prefer immigration to work or to follow them in countries Other, while a The increase in the proportion of graduates of study students leads to a decline in the rate of human capital migration. This is due to the fact that they prefer to continue their education within the country, thus reducing their chances of emigration due to the continuation of their education or because of their increasing awareness of the importance of their presence within the country.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تهدف الدراسة إلى فهم مفهوم هجرة رأس المال البشري وتحليل الأسباب الداخلية الرئيسية التي تؤدي إلى انتشار هذه الظاهرة في سوريا. تعتمد الدراسة على بيانات إحصائية للفترة بين 1990 و2010 وتدرس تأثير مجموعة من العوامل الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والصحية مثل معدل البطالة، معدل الوفيات، العمر المتوقع عند الولادة، نسبة التشغيل، معدل التضخم، ومعدل تخرج الطلاب الجامعيين وطلاب الدراسات العليا. توصلت الدراسة إلى أن ارتفاع معدل التضخم يؤدي إلى زيادة هجرة رأس المال البشري، بينما انخفاض معدل البطالة يؤدي إلى زيادة الهجرة. كما أن ارتفاع نسبة التشغيل يؤدي إلى زيادة طفيفة في الهجرة، في حين أن ارتفاع العمر المتوقع عند الولادة يؤدي إلى انخفاض كبير في معدل الهجرة. وأظهرت النتائج أن ارتفاع نسبة الخريجين من المرحلة الجامعية الأولى يؤدي إلى زيادة الهجرة، بينما ارتفاع نسبة خريجي الدراسات العليا يؤدي إلى انخفاض الهجرة. توصي الدراسة بتوفير فرص عمل مناسبة للكفاءات العلمية، وتحسين البيئة الصحية والتعليمية لتقليل الهجرة.
Critical review
تقدم الدراسة تحليلًا شاملاً للعوامل المؤثرة على هجرة رأس المال البشري في سوريا، ولكنها تفتقر إلى تحليل عميق لبعض العوامل الثقافية والسياسية التي قد تكون لها تأثير كبير على الهجرة. كما أن الاعتماد على بيانات قديمة (1990-2010) قد لا يعكس الوضع الحالي بدقة، خاصة في ظل التغيرات الكبيرة التي شهدتها سوريا في السنوات الأخيرة. كان من الممكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر شمولية إذا تضمنت مقابلات نوعية مع المهاجرين لفهم دوافعهم بشكل أعمق.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي العوامل الاقتصادية التي تؤثر على هجرة رأس المال البشري في سوريا؟

    تشمل العوامل الاقتصادية معدل البطالة، معدل التضخم، ونسبة التشغيل إلى عدد السكان.

  2. كيف يؤثر معدل التضخم على هجرة رأس المال البشري؟

    ارتفاع معدل التضخم يؤدي إلى زيادة هجرة رأس المال البشري.

  3. ما هو تأثير نسبة تخرج طلاب الدراسات العليا على هجرة رأس المال البشري؟

    ارتفاع نسبة تخرج طلاب الدراسات العليا يؤدي إلى انخفاض معدل هجرة رأس المال البشري.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة لتقليل هجرة رأس المال البشري؟

    توصي الدراسة بتوفير فرص عمل مناسبة للكفاءات العلمية، وتحسين البيئة الصحية والتعليمية لتقليل الهجرة.


References used
BODVARSSON & VAN DEN BERG - "The Economics of Immigration: Theory and Policy, Springer, iISBN 978-1-4614-2116-0, 2013: Available on the link http://www.springer.com/gp/book/9781461421153#aboutBook
CHAPMAN, BRUCE & WITHERS, GLENN - Human Capital Accumulation: Education and Immigration, Discussion Paper No.82, ISSN 10302190, Australia, 2001
http://www.cbssyr.sy
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