Groundwater is a reserve and strategic reservoir of stored fresh water، It is the most
important source of drinking water in many countries of the world. Groundwater is
exposed to many pollutants from a various sources. The most important of these
sources
are pollutants from agricultural and urban activities، which are now a global problem. The
research aims to study many physical and chemical properties of groundwater in Jableh
plain in Lattakia, by collecting samples of groundwater from the study area and measuring
a number of physical and chemical parameters (temperature ،turbidity، electrical
conductivity ، pH ، fluoride، chloride، nitrates، nitrite and sulphates (.The results showed
that temperature، conductivity، pH were within the allowed limits according to Syrian
standards for drinking water. In contrast، the concentrations of some ions exceeded the
allowed limits، such as nitrates,which it's concentration is up to 177mg / l، Indicating that
there are many factors cause contamination of these water sources with nitrate .
The aim of this study was to estimate the total amount of phenolic compounds of olive
trees leaves (Olea europaea L.) as Biomarker for the assessment of lead air pollution at
Banias area. Olive trees were selected as the predominant species in the
study area. The
samples were collected from 6 locations at different distances from the vicinity of the
Banias refinery (0.1, 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 10) Km. The dominated wind in the region is western -
southwesterly during the winter (March) and summer (September), The control was taken
from an area about 20 km from the refinery to the north-east (al-Qardahah rural).
The concentration of total phenolic compounds (TPC) during the summer was (45.6-70.85)
mg GAE/g dw and in the control (40.4) mg GAE/g dw, and during the winter the content
of TPC was (35.6-52.9) mg GAE/g dw and in the control (25.8) mg GAE/g dw. The
concentration of Lead (Pb) in unwashed leaves during the summer was (0.879 – 2.170)
ppm and in the control (0.005) ppm, whilst during the winter was (0.479-1.023) ppm and
in the control (0.00083) ppm. The results showed significant differences in the
concentration of total phenolic compounds and lead between sites (Anova test). High
concentration of total phenols and lead in the summer compared to values in winter at all
sites (t-test). The results also showed a negative correlation between the concentration of
total phenolic compounds and lead with the distance from the refinery of Banias. Finally,
The results showed that the TPC can be used as biomarker of lead air pollution in Banias
area.
Pollution is an important problem experienced by modern societies and the presence of
polluants in water resources, especially freshones, makes them a serious and specified
problem for growth and life.The purpose of the research is to evaluate the
validity of the
sources of drinking water and comparison with the Syrian Standards adopted in this field,
as well as the calculation of their Quality Index ( Candian Quality Index )where periodic
physical ,chemical and biological analysis of water samples taken from the specified
sampling points were carried out in the studied area all the year round from April 2017 to
March 2018 ,(The Electric Conductivity , Turbidity , Total Hardness , Ammonium , Nitrite
, Nitrates , Phosphates ,Sulphates , Total Coliform , Fecal Coliform and E-Coli) were
measured . It showed that the values of the physical and chemical parameters of the water
samples taken from the specified sampling points achieved the allowed limits of the Syrian
Standard for drinking water expect for some values of Total Hardness and Phosphate
calcareous.Bacteriological pollution of water samples was found at specific sampling
points throughout the year with Total Coliform , Fecal Coliform and E-Coli exceeded
allowed limits in drinking water .Th classification of water in terms of drinking capacity
for the first water source ( Defa Spring )was acceptable (medium – acceptable ) while its
for the second water source ( AL-Rwameya Wells ) was very poor.
The present paper aims to use the thermal energy source for heating and water heating, by
mechanical method, and using rotary thermal generator doesn't produce environmental
harmful gases.
The thermal rotary has high specifications: easy investmen
t and low economic costs. In our
present work, we designed a special plan for placing the thermal rotary in the housethermal
heating system, for hot water production, for kitchens, washing and other alimentary
manufactures.
However, the plans explain using rotary thermal generator which could save in most traditional
heating machines and water heating especially boiler, burner and flue that produces
gases due to fuel combustion that is polluted environment, so that they are economic and
environmental friend.
The research was conducted to study the resistance of Nerium plant which are planting on
sides of roads and the cities portals. The research was performed by studying the leaves of
Nerium plant, through studying the length and weigh of the leaf, an
d its area and water
content. In addition to studying the wools and hiatus and chlorophyll concentration, and
compared the results between the polluted region which is the entry of Banias City, and the
control one which is the gardens of Tishreen University.
Results showed non significant reduction in length, weight and area of the leaf in the
polluted region compared with the control one. It attained (16.2 cm, 0.97 g and 26.3 cm2),
respectively in the polluted region. Where it was (17.8 cm, 1.25 g and 27.7 cm2), for
control region, respectively. Also, there was no significant differences in water content
between the two studied regions. It attained respectively (52.2 and 53.9 %).
Our results showed:
- That a number of hiatus decreased, whereas the wools increased in the polluted region
compared with control region insignificantly. The mean of a number of it was 12 in
polluted region, compared with 14 in the control region.
- A simple insignificant reduction in the concentration of chlorophyll A in polluted region
compared with the control, where it attained (0.93 and 0.98), respectively.
The Nerium oleander plant was resistance and tolerance to the air pollution.
This study determined total quantity and exchangeable form
concentration of zinc and lead in the agricultural soils in the Banias
region. Soil samples collected from five sites from the north-east of the
thermal station.
This research was carried out during 2014 - 2015. The research aimd to describe
some chemical characteristics of the river's water used for irrigation, chemically compare it
with the Syrian Standards Specifications in terms of salt quantity and qua
lity and Cd and B
concentrations, water samples were taken from four observation points along the river:
A (domestic), B (industrial), C (mixed) and D (estuary), also Soil samples from the river
edges were also analyzed. The findings revealed that the EC value in B was 0.61 mg/l i.e.
less than those of others, with significant difference 0.72, 0.74, 0.73 mg/l, respectively.
The study also showed a significant increase in B and C concentration by 0.48 and 0.49
mg/l, respectively, compared with A and D by 0.4 mg/l each. A significant increase in Cd
concentration was noticed for B, C and D by 0.73, 0.88 and 0.75 mg/l vs. A 0.67 mg/l.
However, Cd concentration in the river water in all seasons and sites was excessive and
higher than the permissible limit for water discharge into seas estimated at 0.05 mg/l,
whereas the other parameters were lower than the permissible limits according to the
Syrian Standards. The effect of water pollution on soil showed a significant increase in EC
for B by 1.01 dS/m than others. The increase was also more significant in subsurface layer
than surface one by 0.45 and 0.62 dS/m, respectively. In addition, the findings
demonstrated a significant increase in Cd for C (2.67 mg/kg) than other points. The
increase in Cd concentration was more significant in the surface layer (2.648 mg/kg) than
the subsurface one (2.631 mg/kg), and this concentration was lower than the normal range
of soil content from Cd (3 ppm).
Al-Sourani Dam was built to provide drinking water for inhabited villages in Sheikh
Badr –Tartous, but the lake water is exposed to pollutants from several sources. In this
paper, we discuss the mechanism of pollution and the appropriate measures,
by
determining some physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water in different
sites.
The results showed that turbidity and pH values arise in the autumn and winter
especially in the water of tributaries compared with the water of the lake, this may be due
to the activated runoff following rainfall in this period. Whereas the ammonium ion
showed a significant increase in the lake's tail, that can be attributed to sewage residues
from Broummana Al-Mashaeikh that threw directly into the lake. The results also showed
remarkable seasonal changes concerning the total microorganisms in all studied sites,
where the highest value was recorded in winter that reached 5.36 × 104 cells / 100 ml in
Aine Alzaaror tributary.
we conclude that the main source of pollution of lake's water, was the polluted water
coming from Broummana Al-Mashaeikh, in addition to Aine Alzaaror tributary, that flows
near a restaurant. The second source is Al-Wade Alakhdar tributary that feeds permanently
the lake. So, the lake's water should be sterilized before using for drinking.
On the fact that the production process held by a cemint'
factory at tartous region province , cause air , land , pollution that
might be reflected in bad health of people those either work at
factory or live nearby.
Therefor the present studies
take into its considerations the
new alternatives to lower such pollution level so as the production
cost therefor higher profits will be gained as a result the higher
welfare is.
The study of the microbiological pollution of the air of some poultry
farms located in the central region of Syria has been conducted in this research.
Six poultry farms have been chosen, three of them are located in the south
western of Homs governorate and the rest are in the west of it..
