Integrated management of groundwater contaminated with nitrates in Akkar Tartous

The contamination of groundwater with nitrates is a common problem in many countries of the world, especially the agricultural ones where the pollution originates in these countries mainly from the use of excessive fertilization in agricultural areas, industrial waste, sewage, animal dung, and the "installation of air nitrogen by plants, the nitrogen compounds that arise due to some industries and vehicle emissions which are deposited on the ground in solids. The nitrate compounds are carcinogens and hazardous to human health If they were in high concentrations. The risk of this turning into nitrite nitrate uptake by the bacteria, especially in the abdomen which in turn causes what is known as Balmithmoglubenemea in infants and pregnant women (Infant disease blueness). It can also cause stomach cancer in adults through its interaction with amines and amides in the abdomen, forming carcinogens (Alntrozzomedat and Alentrzoaminat). Therefore, you must apply the foundations of the integrated management of groundwater in the study area to maintain low levels of nitrate in groundwater used for drinking and irrigation.

A Study of Concentration of Nitrates and Nitrites in Cucumbers Produced in Greenhouses in Tartous Governorate and its Risk on Human health

This study addresses the issue of the danger of the high amount of Nitrates and Nitrites found in Cucumbers grown in greenhouses in the coastal region in Tartous - Syria, one hundred samples of greenhouse Cucumbers (in their green state) were collected at random from 50 Greenhouses in ten villages in Sahil Akkar in Tartous the villages are: (Arzona, Madihli, A. Zibdi, B. Shofan, Shas, Riyaf, Zahid, Dkaiki, Habroun and T. Sunoun) five Greenhouses were selected from each village, a special information card was prepared for each greenhouse which included the area of the greenhouse, the type of fertilizers used in it, and the source of water used to irrigate the house, the water was tested by a device known as Colorimeter, another device called Spectrophotometer was used to test the amount of Nitrates and Nitrites found in Cucumbers, the results show that the highest amount of Nitrates was in the samples taken from Riyaf 615.29 mg/kg, and the lowest amount in the samples from T.Sunoun 126.15 mg/kg, The Nitrites were at their highest also in Riyaf at 0.06 mg/kg and at their lowest in the samples of B, Shoufan at 0.023 mg/kg, the results also show variation in the Probability value (P=0.000) in the Cucumbers samples. When comparing the amounts reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) it was found that the amounts of Nitrates and Nitrites ranged between 100% in Riyaf, A. Zibdi and Madhli, followed by 90% in B.Shoufan, and 80% in Habroun and Dkaiki,and 60% in Arzona, Zahid, and Shas ,and 30% in T. Sunoun. The percentage of contamination in all the Greenhouses reached only 76%whole. the concentration of the Nitrites was within the standard level less than 1%mg/kg.

Study of some quality indicators of drinking water in some drinking water resources in Syrian coastal area

Water sources in Syrian coastal area have a great importance due to the variety of the sources and the urgent needs to water for drinking and irrigation. Therefore great efforts are made to protect water sources from contaminants. This research aimed to study some contaminant indicators in some drinking water sources in the Syrian coastal area. The study included determining the concentrations of nitrates, nitrites and some heavy metals including lead, cadmium and zinc in water samples taken from five sources of water distributed from north Lattakia to north Tartous. The results showed that the concentrations of nitrate, nitrite and heavy metals differ depending on the water source. However, all these concentrations were lower and within the acceptable limits of Syrian standard for drinking water. The study concluded that water resources in the coastal area are distinguished with their relative purity and contaminants little reach.

Monitoring the quality of some invested wells water in the region of the Syrian coast (Hraesoon – Banias)

According to the chemical pollution danger in general and its danger on groundwater wells in agricultural areas particularly the inhabited ones , the scientific study was implemented to determine the concentrations of some ions in water wells within the area of Hraesoon; In addition to, monitoring their changing values which indicate the rate of chemical pollution in the study area due to existing activities. The search involves a monthly periodic physical and chemical analyzes in the invested wells in Hraesoon area , Banias city for a whole year. starting from September 2011 till August 2012 by choosing ten invested wells disterbuted in the area. The study includes the changing of temperature ,pH, electrical conductivity, and the group of negative ions (nitrate NO3 -, phosphate PO4 3-, sulphates SO4 2-, chloride Cl-) in addition to positive ions (ammonium NH4 +, Sodium Na +). The values of the studied ions have demonstrated a clear disparity in each month for the samples taken from the same wells, due to the agricultural ,human activities and climatic conditions that prevailed during the sampling dates. The recorded results show cases of chemical contamination in the water wells studied not identical the Syrian standard for drinking water (2011-2012) portend a lot of health and environmental risks, especially that many of those wells are used for drinking purposes.

A pilot unit to treat polluted water using ventilation and plastic sieves as biological media

A pilot unit was constructed and operated to study the ability of treating polluted water using biological treatment. The experimental unit consists of water sprayer unit that ensure wetting of the filtered media and distributing water in a homogenous manner as well as increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration in water. The sprayer unit is followed by a biological filter; the area of the filtered media was (13) m2. The developed biological film placed on the filtered media will dismantle the organic matter, which reduce nitrates to nitrite then to a nitrogen gas. The filter was connected to an aeration basin where the suspended growth was archived. The pilot unit was operated depending on the water was taking from a manhole nearby the residential unit number 18. The average efficiency of BOD5 removing was 69.4% and of nitrate, removing was 34%. The results showed that this system can improve water's characteristics.

Determination of the concentrations of some ions in groundwater for drinking purposes in Jableh plain

Groundwater is a reserve and strategic reservoir of stored fresh water، It is the most important source of drinking water in many countries of the world. Groundwater is exposed to many pollutants from a various sources. The most important of these sources are pollutants from agricultural and urban activities، which are now a global problem. The research aims to study many physical and chemical properties of groundwater in Jableh plain in Lattakia, by collecting samples of groundwater from the study area and measuring a number of physical and chemical parameters (temperature ،turbidity، electrical conductivity ، pH ، fluoride، chloride، nitrates، nitrite and sulphates (.The results showed that temperature، conductivity، pH were within the allowed limits according to Syrian standards for drinking water. In contrast، the concentrations of some ions exceeded the allowed limits، such as nitrates,which it's concentration is up to 177mg / l، Indicating that there are many factors cause contamination of these water sources with nitrate .