Automatic rule generation for time expression normalization

The understanding of time expressions includes two sub-tasks: recognition and normalization. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the recognition of time expressions while research on normalization has lagged behind. Existing SOTA normalization methods highly rely on rules or grammars designed by experts, which limits their performance on emerging corpora, such as social media texts. In this paper, we model time expression normalization as a sequence of operations to construct the normalized temporal value, and we present a novel method called ARTime, which can automatically generate normalization rules from training data without expert interventions. Specifically, ARTime automatically captures possible operation sequences from annotated data and generates normalization rules on time expressions with common surface forms. The experimental results show that ARTime can significantly surpass SOTA methods on the Tweets benchmark, and achieves competitive results with existing expert-engineered rule methods on the TempEval-3 benchmark.

Decoupling Pragmatics: Discriminative Decoding for Referring Expression Generation

The shift to neural models in Referring Expression Generation (REG) has enabled more natural set-ups, but at the cost of interpretability. We argue that integrating pragmatic reasoning into the inference of context-agnostic generation models could reconcile traits of traditional and neural REG, as this offers a separation between context-independent, literal information and pragmatic adaptation to context. With this in mind, we apply existing decoding strategies from discriminative image captioning to REG and evaluate them in terms of pragmatic informativity, likelihood to ground-truth annotations and linguistic diversity. Our results show general effectiveness, but a relatively small gain in informativity, raising important questions for REG in general.

PIE: A Parallel Idiomatic Expression Corpus for Idiomatic Sentence Generation and Paraphrasing

Idiomatic expressions (IE) play an important role in natural language, and have long been a pain in the neck'' for NLP systems. Despite this, text generation tasks related to IEs remain largely under-explored. In this paper, we propose two new tasks of idiomatic sentence generation and paraphrasing to fill this research gap. We introduce a curated dataset of 823 IEs, and a parallel corpus with sentences containing them and the same sentences where the IEs were replaced by their literal paraphrases as the primary resource for our tasks. We benchmark existing deep learning models, which have state-of-the-art performance on related tasks using automated and manual evaluation with our dataset to inspire further research on our proposed tasks. By establishing baseline models, we pave the way for more comprehensive and accurate modeling of IEs, both for generation and paraphrasing.

Differences in some skills of emotional expression for simple mentally retardation pupils who are integrated and those who are nonintegrated in Hama

This study aims at recognizing the differences in some skills of emotional expression from teachers’ and parents’ perspectives between the simple mentally retardation pupils integrated in first stage in basic learning and those who are nonintegrated. The population consisted of 20 pupils of simple mentally retardation (8-12 years) integrated in public schools in first stage in basic learning, and 20 peer pupils in private centers. Whereas the teachers were selected (15 male/female) in public schools and (10 male/female) in private centers. Parents (80 )are the fathers and mothers of (20) pupils in public schools and (20) pupils in private centers. The study used the descriptive approach by designing a questionnaire to measure the differences in some skills of emotional expression between the simple mentally retardation pupils who are integrated in public schools and nonintegrated pupils who are in private centers. This questionnaire was distributed to teachers and parents. Then the data were analyzed statistically by SPSS. The results were as follows: - There are statistically significant differences between integrated and nonintegrated pupils on all dimensions of the scale for the sake of integrated pupils. - There are statistically significant differences between the means of some skills of emotional expressions (joy, love) according to the variable of gender for the sake of females. - There are statistically significant differences in (anger)for the sake of males.

Expression between Arabic and Semitic languages

This paper deals with the link between Semitic and Arabic languages,that it showed the ancientness of the Arabic , and explained the concept of Semitic languages, and mentioned the most important views in their home country and their common characteristics. The research then presented the historical understanding of the Arab- Semitic relationship, confirming the interaction that emerged in the pre-Islamic era through interaction with the Bible, which was translated into Arabic Whether the Arabs are translators or were the people of these heavenly books; the result proves the principle of interaction between languages that these books were written with and the Arabic language, with the continuation of this interaction clearly in the era of the Prophet and his companions through various forms and ways . The research then discusses the phenomenon of expression, then the ancientness of the phenomenon of expression in Semitic languages in general, and Arabic in particular, through the presentation of the most important proof of authenticity in these languages, Although the Arabic is the most conservative. The research ended with conclusions and recommendations.

Promoting The Concept Of Expression Within The Context Of Technological Development In The 21st Century

The power of organic expression has increased, and architects have become increasingly interested on organic expression and modern methods. which elevates the performance. Two models were studied in which organic expression was achieved either by expressing the organism or following the lines and components of nature. To access the results related to extent the impact of the application of technology on the form of organic expression building.

Studying the Presence and Expression of P27 Gene in Promastigotes of Leishmania tropica

In our study, the presence and expression of P27 gene in L.tropica evaluated in promastigotes by PCR and RT-PCR using specific primer pairs that manually designed after determine the consensus sequence of forward and reverse region of primers between species of Leishmania by using MUSCLE (Multiple Sequence Comparison by Log- Expectation) tool for alignment. The results proved the presence of P27 gene in Leishmania tropica, beside presence the mRNA of P27 gene that confirm that P27 expressed in promastigote form of L.tropica

The Ideological Design Of Expressionist Thought In The Configuration Mass Within Different Architectural Currents In Modern Times

The research aims to study the vulnerability of these currents of different patterns of expression in accordance with the principles for each type of the above-mentioned patterns, By practical study of two different models in place; which was influenced by different expression types according to the varying proportions, However, they are similar in the type of building and the time period.

Improving WLD for Facial Expressions recognition using Gabor filter

The aim of the work is to improve the performance of the WLD descriptor using Gabor filters in a preprocessing stage. The performance of the improved descriptor will be compared with the performance of the LBP descriptor(a widely used descriptor in FER researches). This performance will be achieved using the extremely used expert system SVM besides the expert systems CSD and MLP.

Measuring Levels of DNMT3A Gene Expression Responsible For DNA Methylation in a Sample of Syrian Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Patients

In the present study, we measured DNMT3A levels, the methylation enzyme, in blood samples from Syrian AML patients and normal individuals using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, in order to determine the roles of DNMT3A in the development of leukemia.