This piece of research present a study of the Arabic and Islamic civilized Sufism since its early stages spanning over the first two Hijra centuries up until the ripe period of this domain starting from the end of the second Hijra century and over th
e two Appaseid centuries ( the first and the second). That is, this last till the beginning of the fifth Hijra century, however, this creates a few approaches and schools that this research highlights together with their relevant terms that violates certain religion values: monotheism, prophesy and the man. This research conclude with a stand toward assessing this democratic awareness against the ideology of each egoistic filed of knowledge.
This research discusses the most important pieces of evidence put forward by Ash'ari thinkers on two very important issues: formation of the world and the idea of causality. Depending on IbnRushd's reading, the paper also highlights the most import
ant loose and weak points Ash'ari inferences. Ibin Rushd, a pioneer of the intellectual trend in Islamic philosophy, saw in the treatment of these two issues represented an epistemological obstacle faced by Arab-Islamic mind and stood between it and the causal understanding of the universe. The philosopher Averroes sensed the danger of the absence of objective consciousness of the universe and the nature in Arabic and Islamic philosophy. In an attempt transform society from a state of theological submission to one of scientific certainty, he tried to lay the ground for a vision depending on the mind.
يكتسب هذا البحث جدته و أصالته و قيمته العلمية، من أنه يخوض في إشكالية
التأويل و علاقتها المباشرة بالأخلاق الدينية السائدة، و بيان المناقشات و الخلافات التي
برزت على هامش هذه الإشكالية لتوضيح الصورة الحقيقية لموقع ابن رشد في السياق
التاريخي، ضمن إط
ار هذه الإشكالية حصرًا.
و قد تناول البحث القضايا الأساسية العالقة التي تدور في فلك مسألة التأويل.
و أهمها قضية الحقيقة المزدوجة، و تقسيم الناس إلى طبقات اجتماعية، و قضية تفضيل
الفلسفة على الدين. و كل هذه القضايا متعلقة تعلقًا مباشرًا بالأخلاق الدينية، و ناجمة عن
مسألة التأويل بآنٍ واحد.
و خلص البحث إلى نفي الاتهام الموجه إلى ابن رشد بشأنها، فضلا عما جاء
في البحث من شرح مفصل لمسألة التأويل في سياقها التاريخي، و علاقتها بالأخلاق
الدينية.
The paper Sheds light on one of the most important problems among the whole problems
that we find in the history of philosophy, namely, the problem of the relationship between wisdom
and Sharia law, trying to disclose the nature of the relationship
between wisdom and law in order to
detect intellectual conflicts or issues that the philosophers tried to detect the pivotal and key points
between wisdom and Sharia law, and philosophy and religion, through the general cultural state
prevailing in the Arab society during the Islamic middle ages. In addition, we will try to clarify the
theoretical and methodological foundations of the problem of reconciling and highlight the
ideological goals that drove the philosophers to reconcile between wisdom and Sharia.
This research handles the Semiotic Features in the Augustian's text an attempt to
discover its nature and implication. It tackies the Semiotic theme, its concepts and relation
to the Sociological Cultural realities of modern semitians. then it disc
usses the concept of
sign and its relation to interpretation in this text showing its distinct features, Symbolic
language which makes us delve deep into this text trying to open broaden horiozons via
searching deep into existence to decipher hidden meanings of symbos in the external
existence of things. It also deals with the speciality of sign to Augustein in which the
theological perspective played the major role. It also aims at specifying the differences and
similarities with some modern semitics to talk eventually about kinds of sign trying to end
up with some results that help us comprehend the Augustian's text.
Paul Riccor, the French philosopher, aims in "Love and Justice" at presenting a new
concept of justice, via its relation with love, leaving behind the traditional concept
manifested in distributive justice; this concept which was established by Ric
cor unable to
put a finale to the social clash, especially the oppressed and marginalized groups. Hence,
he tries to present a new concept of justice via tackling its relation with love. Therefore,
this research presents at first the concept of justice as it was presented by Riccor, then
proceeds to discuss the discrepancy between the traits of love and justice in accordance
with the controversy suggested by Paul Riccor, which will enable us to find a relationship
through which justice can be established via gaining back the ability to love, then looking
at love as more than a mere individual whim; love as one ethic power capable of making a
compromise between happiness and duty. Finally, the research ends up with quite
accumulative consequences capable of creating new horizons due to this research.
The interpretation of my reading art is based on the transition from the direct
meaning in the apparent form to the indirect meaning in the implicit pattern, and verbal
functions, images, and loaded structures are strongly suggestive.
The critics
of pre-Islamic poetry have enriched the old literature, adding to it the
dimensions of literacy, and their interpretations of psychological meanings and profound
semantics, indicating beyond the apparent textual levels, to various explanatory meanings,
gave the textual poetry poetic content another poetry is the receipt.
The interpretations of the critics presented a variety of purposes, based on the
linguistic explanation, and the will of the poet at other times. The opinion of the reader and
his convictions may intervene in this position, but they are interpretations, regardless of
their degree of credibility or persuasion. They presented modern thought and opened up
new texts. Jahili with a different vision.
This research studies the process of symbol transition from psychoanalysis to other
scientific and philosophical fields, especially hermeneutics and Paul Ricoeur's
interpretation theory. In fact, this research studies what the interpretation theory
has done
to the concept of symbolism. The latter migrates to it from psychoanalysis which forms for
Freud an essential basis in his study of the kinds of neurosis and psychopathy. Actually, his
goal is to make symbolism contributes to get scientific results. Thus, this symbolism
should be put in an attire of what the interpretive has called the concept of mythologization
to reach the work which the interpretation will do and consider too as an essential activity
to eliminate mythologization from the domain of the symbol.
Paul Ricoeur, based on the interpretive, has taken upon himself to discuss directly Freud's
works. He tries in these discussions to understand the techniques of psychoanalysis to
handle the basic Freudian conceptions to enable the interpretive to reread Freud through
symbolism and mythology. Thus, this research illustrates how Ricoeur depends on the
inquisitive thought, i.e. through questioning deeds and words. The research clarifies this
point through discussions we try to make as critical as possible in order to understand the
results of the interpretation theory that brings out the symbol and myth, in terms of the
psychoanalytic experimental exercise, in order to create the interpretive theory itself. This
takes place after the symbol becomes an important part of the displacement-andcompensation
processes within the texts which are subjected to interpretation after the
interpretive has managed demythologization.
This research tackled the attitude of interpretation towards the issue of metaphor,
especially the French philosopher's view Paul Ricuor. It also dealt with the nature of
metaphor as suggested by him via critiquing the attitude in which he finds a
mere aesthetic
and substitutive ornament from the one hand, while taking it as innovative means to touch
reality on the other hand. Consequently, it is a cognitive value with the aim of contacting
the outside world and getting to know it then the research proceeded to discuss the
intellectual basics of metaphor according to Ricuor. He noticed that there is no way to
understand the nature of metaphor without understanding its basics. This has made it
possible to handle the knowledgeable and innovative function of metaphor be it the present
side always in language; that which never fades. So, it was not possible to handle metaphor
inside language without wondering how thinking works. Here Ricuor differentiates
between living and consumed metaphor on the basis of the ability of innovation and
knowledge provided by each one of them. Additionally, he has stated that metaphor is
there inside interpretation as it is through it. Such a presence of metaphor inside the field of
interpretation is the reason why one can tackle this polysemy. This polysemy results in this
on the one hand and in its openness on the world of human act; work and practice on the
other hand. This way, metaphor in interpretation is presented as a future language. The
research has ended up with a bunch of results through questioning the concept of metaphor
in a philosophic interpretative way.
