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Register a new userArabic Circumlocution and Rhetoric
المواربة و البلاغة العربية
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Authors
محمد غرة( باحث )
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من يتّتبع مصطلح (المواربة) في المعجمات اللغوية أو البلاغية و هي دائماً تحمل معنى الدهاء و المخاتلة و الكذب و المغالطة، و من يمعن النظر في شواهدها و الأشعار التي يضربونها أمثلة عليها، يرفض أن يكون هذا المصطلح ذا صلة بالبديع أو بالبلاغة العربية التي عرفناها عند العرب مّتسمة بالوضوح و السلامة و عدم التكّلف أو التعسف. و هذا البحث يقف أمام مصطلح (المواربة) مظهراً عوراته و عيوبه، و مفّنداً آراء البلاغيين فيه من خلال تأّنيه في قراءة الشواهد المتعّلقة بذلك. و هذه الشواهد لا تتجاوز عدد أصابع اليدين مكرورة معادة، بعضها مصنوع و أكثرها لا ينطبق عليه تعريف المواربة حّتى من قِبل أصحاب المصطلح أنفسهم مثل الخطيب التبريزي و ابن أبي الإصبع المصري و السيوطي و غيرهم. و قد رأى البحث استبعاد هذا المصطلح من دائرة الأنواع البديعية التي كانت أحياناً كثيرة وجهاً من وجوه الإعجاز القرآني، و ضم شواهده إلى ما ذكره الأقدمون كابن رشيق القيرواني و أبي هلال العسكري في باب سرعة البديهة و سلامة الارتجال. و بين أن بلاغة العرب و فصاحة لسانهم و جمال الأسلوب و سلامة التفكير عندهم كلّ ذلك يباين المواربة و يراها على النقيض.
Any one, who looks up the term circumlocution in linguistic and rhetorical dictionaries, will always find that the meanings of this term are as follows: slyness, deception , lying or fallacy If we closely examine the quotations and poems relating to deception, we will reject that this term relate to the clarity, cohesiveness and unpretentious with which Arabs are acquainted. This research aims to study circumlocution in order to find out its flaws and to refute the opinions of rhetoricians through reading quotations deliberately .The number of quotations can be easily counted. Most of those quotations do not coincide with the definition of circumlocution while some are fabricated. Therefore, this research stresses the importance to exclude the term circumlocution from the Arabic rhetorical types which manifest in the wonderful aspects of the Holy Quran. The quotations of circumlocution will be considered as examples of spontaneous intuition or sort of improvisation. This research explains that the Arab rhetoric and fluency, the beauty of their styles and the logical thinking contradict with the meaning of the term circumlocution.
References used
التبريزي، يحيي بن علي- الوافي في العروض والقوافي- تح عمر يحيي وفخر . قباوة ، دار الفكر ، ط3 1979
الترمزي، محمد بن عيسى، الشمائل المحمدية، دار الفيحاء، دمشق، ط1 2000.
الجاحظ، عمرو بن بحر، البيان والتبيين- تح عبد السلام هارون، دار الفكر، . بيروت، ط4
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