Arabic Digital Libraries: Concepts and Challenges

The study deals with the concept, the beginning and the development phases of digital library explaining the problem of digital idioms. It sheds light on the requirements and groups of digital library and the technical processes through indexing and classification. In addition to that, the study discuses the mechanism of digital regaining, and explain the ways of search on digital information clarifying the meaning and the mechanism of Boolean logic in search of information. Finally, the paper views the image of Arabic digital libraries and introduces the most important challenges that faces the Arabic digital libraries in the current time. This study ends up to a set of results and recommendations.

Sources of Mohammed Moftaah's Methodology Cognitive A Study of Epistemological Bias

This research is based on the study of sciences upon which Mohammed Moftaah's methodology depends as a source of cognitive and tributary, which is outside the scope of literary criticism; and that is through the access to the structure of this methodology and analyze its scientific composition. The intended aim of this research is the access to the most important pillars of the Epistemology of this critic, and the detection of an important aspect in the critical construction which has not been studied yet. These sciences are: logic, mathematics, geometry, physics, biology, sociology, and information technologies. The methodology of this research is based on the extraction of the practical and the theoretical science that Moftaah has. and then making it an apparent and theorized substance , which says That Moftaah has succeeded at some of these sciences such as, , biology, Geometry, and some of them is based on formalism such as, mathematics, information technologies.

The Concept of the Epistemological Obstacle at Gaston Bachellar and its Essential Forms

The importance of this research is that it is one of the rare researches that touch on the philosophy of science at the French philosopher Gaston Bachler, And the role played by this philosopher in the development of the science of epistemology through the epistemological concepts that he introduced to this science, Such as the concept of epistemological obstacle and the concept of epistemological estrangement in addition to the concept of temporal regression and the relationship of these concepts with each other, which contributed to the enrichment of the epistemology and its evolution.