The wide geographical spread and the exponential growth of the numbers of goats
around the world clearly demonstrate the ability of these ruminants to adapt to
harsh climates and grazing land. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic
divers
ity of 42 samples of Syrian goats from many domestication stations including
Jabali, Shami and hybrid (hybridization between both Shami and Jabali). The study
was done by DNA extraction of these samples, application of SSR technology using
7 microstellite markers. The alleles number of markers were 29 alleles, at a rate of
4.1 allele for each genetic locus. The number of alleles of each locus ranged from 3
alleles in genetically markers (BMS1714, INRAD07, SRCRSP09) to 8 alleles at the
genetic marker SRCRSP01. The rate of allele-frequency across all studied genetic
sites ranged from 0.071429 with the molecular size of 210 bp for the McM527
genetic site to 0.97619 with a molecular size of 55 bp for the SRCRSP09 genetic site.
This research was carried out in the laboratories of the Atomic
Energy Commission Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
Department in Damascus to study the molecular characterization of
five of local and introduced grapes varieties which collected f
rom
the Pome and Grapevine Research Center in Sweida using 20
primer pairs of SSR.
Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to study the genetic relationship among 10 wild accessions of Origanum syriacum grown in Syria.
The results of this study may have a great impact on the
national biodiversity program whic
h lacks the employment of
molecular techniques, and thus we recommend making use
of these techniques in genotype identification in general, and
studying the relationship among them, and in particular in
studying important wild species of medical importance which
have not been described yet on the molecular level.
The objective of this study was to characterize and determine the genetic
variation among twelve cultivars and four rootstocks, belonging to Amygdalus
genus in Syria using the simple sequence repeats (SSRs) marker. It was found
that 154 alleles we
re identified by using 26 primer pairs, and the proportion of
the specific ones was 30.52%. In addition, it was revealed that all the studied
SSR loci produced polymorphic alleles. The average of PIC, He and Ho were
0.58, 0.61, 0.31, respectively.
Seven plant samples were collected from some locations of Syrian juniper
(Juniperus drupacea Labill.) in Syria for molecular characterization and to
determine the genetic relationships between them using ISSR technique (Inter
Simple Sequence Repea
ts). Twenty three ISSR primers were used for this
purpose, twelve primers showed polymorphism between studied samples and
gave 89 bands, with polymorphism percentage of 95.5%. The band number
resulted from each primer ranged between 4 bands for primers ISSR5 and
ISSR9, and 12 bands for the primer ISSR1, with an average of 7.42 bands per
primer. The minimum polymorphic percentage was 25% for primer ISSR9,
and the maximum polymorphic percentage was 100% for the all primers
except the primer ISSR9. The study showed correlation between the genetically
converged samples and the collection sites (geographic correlation), the highest
genetic relationship (93%) was within Latakia samples (Komat Alnabi Yonis –
Jobet Bergal) and the lowest genetic relationship (42%) was between samples
from Hamah (Jeb Alahmer) and Latakia (Almakamat) which refers to high
genetic variation. The cluster analysis showed that the samples from nearby
locations were gathered.
This investigation was carried out at the Laboratory of Biotechnology at
General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), during the
season 2010-2011. The aim of this research was to study the genetic diversity
among twenty individ
ual plants of seven species and to determine the degree of
genetic similarity using the technique ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats)
and 10 primers were used for this purpose. All primers proved their
effectiveness in showing polymorphism between the studied species, primers
gave a total 195 allele with a polymorphic percentage 100%. The number of
bands for each primer varied from a minimum of 12 bands for the primer
(ISSR-4) to a maximum of 27 bands for the primer (ISSR-862) in an average of
19.5 bands for each primer, cluster analysis and Dendrogram showed the
highest degree of genetic similarity between accession A.leucoclada1 and
A.leucoclada2 (0.64), while it was low between species A.leucoclada3 and
A.glauca2 (0.10). Results showed vast genetic diversity among the studied
species.
Morphological and molecular characterization for six seedling genotypes of
Pistachio vera L (V1,V2,V3,V4,V5, and V6) in comparison with the most
commercial and wide spread varieties, Ashoury andWhite batoury was carried
out in Swaida province, sou
thern of Syria. Nuts chemical contents (dry
substance, moisture, total sugar and oil content) for both fresh and dry nuts
weight were also evaluated.
Seedling genotypes showed obvious differences toward the main diagnostic
traits, such as alternate bearing phenomena, the ratio of kernel weight to total
nut weight, split nuts percentage and loss percentage. Genotype V4 was
recognized by some important characters compared with the other genotypes
studied. Cluster analysis was assessed according to the existence or absence of
the most important studying morphological and agronomic indexes. All
genotypes studied and comparative cultivars were clustered into four groups.
RAPD technique was achieved using 25 randomly primers, 19 of which were
polymorphic with an average of polymorphism percentage of (66.47%). The
highest value of genetic similarity (0.81) was between Ashoury and V5
genotype, whereas the lowest value (0.56) was between V3 and V6. Cluster
analysis depending on RAPD data divided the population studied into two main
groups. RAPD unique band was estimated (37 unique band, 21 positive and 16
negative).
It was concluded that RAPD technique can be used efficiently to emphasize,
identify, insure and evaluate the genetic diversity of Pistachio vera.
