Morphological and molecular characterization for six seedling genotypes of
Pistachio vera L (V1,V2,V3,V4,V5, and V6) in comparison with the most
commercial and wide spread varieties, Ashoury andWhite batoury was carried
out in Swaida province, sou
thern of Syria. Nuts chemical contents (dry
substance, moisture, total sugar and oil content) for both fresh and dry nuts
weight were also evaluated.
Seedling genotypes showed obvious differences toward the main diagnostic
traits, such as alternate bearing phenomena, the ratio of kernel weight to total
nut weight, split nuts percentage and loss percentage. Genotype V4 was
recognized by some important characters compared with the other genotypes
studied. Cluster analysis was assessed according to the existence or absence of
the most important studying morphological and agronomic indexes. All
genotypes studied and comparative cultivars were clustered into four groups.
RAPD technique was achieved using 25 randomly primers, 19 of which were
polymorphic with an average of polymorphism percentage of (66.47%). The
highest value of genetic similarity (0.81) was between Ashoury and V5
genotype, whereas the lowest value (0.56) was between V3 and V6. Cluster
analysis depending on RAPD data divided the population studied into two main
groups. RAPD unique band was estimated (37 unique band, 21 positive and 16
negative).
It was concluded that RAPD technique can be used efficiently to emphasize,
identify, insure and evaluate the genetic diversity of Pistachio vera.
20 local and introduced varieties of pear grown in Sweida during 2007 to
2010 were assessed in terms of flowering time, maturity time, accurate
morphological characterization for shoots, leaves, flowers and fruits and fruit
chemical analysis (tota
l soluble solids, total sugar and tetratable acidity) as well
as to determine firmness of fruit flesh and tree yield.
Results showed that flowering time was at mid April in most varieties, and
the varieties were divided into three groups according to their mature date:
early varieties maturated during July, mid varieties maturated during August
and late varieties maturated during September. However, A variety of
Conference was required artificial ripening.
This research was conducted during the period of 2014 - 2015 in six locations
ranging from a height of between (0-500 m) in Syria, Tartous Governate in order to survey
and evaluate some mulberry types belong to (Morus alba and Morus nigra). 33 type
s (22
of white mulberry and 11 of black mulberry) were determined for the purpose of
morphological and phenological characterization and for the determination of the degree of
morphological relationship between those types in addition to setting their own taxonomic
keys. Morphological analysis was done based on 14 morphology characteristics (leaves,
catkins, fruits) in addition to a cluster analysis for all types belongs to white and black
species and for each species alone.
The morphological tree for all types showed two main groups with a contrast ratio of
(48%), the first group included three types belong to black mulberry, and the second group
included 30 types belong to both species with a contrast ratio of (0-38%), while the
morphological tree for the black species types showed a contrast ratio of (47%) and (33%)
for the white specie types.
The degree of morphological similarity is variable between the studied types
regardless of fruits color, and the percentage of contrast among the black mulberry types is
higher than white mulberry types.
