The contemporary Arabic economic thought is considered as one of the Arabic thought components which is suffering from many problems. The least of these problems is the absence of freedom and the most is the absence of scientific methodology in the c
ontext of interaction with life realities. These problems lead to the schism between the traditional and the innovation thinking and the conflict between the components of the this economic thought.
This research deals with values through studying opinions of philosophers who consider that values are absolute ,and compare it with opinions of philosophers who consider that values are relative. Then, the research analyzes and criticizes opinions a
nd arguments of the two parts to discover their knowledge ,and ideological deep roots .
After that, it seems that philosophers who assert that values are absolute reflect conservative ideology , and want to fix social reality to serve their concerns; while philosophers who assert that values are relative reflect progressive ideology, and want to change social reality .
This research also clarifies that philosophers and thinkers of absolute values believe in absolute facts and knowledge; while philosophers and thinkers of relative values believe in relative facts and knowledge.
Awareness in one of the most important factors for the study of heritage, so as to
find the optimal formula of its comprehensive aspects of scientific, philosophical, social,
political and economic levels, i.e. the ideological and cognitive levels
(philosophical).
These two levels have a large role in determining the central point adopted in determining
the development of theme of heritage, which forms the most important problems of the
current era.
This research sheds light on a cultural problem, the contemporary researchers consider as one of the most important problems that contributed to the disintegration of cultural and cognitvevariation in our Arab society that revolves around identifying
the cultural identity of this community through the relationship between the old cultural heritage of our society with the contemporary cultural heritage. For this reason, we tried very hard to observe the importance of Arab cultural heritage for the Arab intellectuals who raised the banner of the Islamic Arab Renaissance. They point out, in this context, divergent positions of these thinkers of the heritage among Salafi stream strongly advocates adherence to heritage and benefit from it, the contemporary stream calls to go about European modern thinking and go away from the heritage, and the third stream calls for taking cultural and cognitive aspects of the right of the Salafi and contemporary currents -that is, between tradition and modernity with reference to the most important factors that contributed to the failure of the Arab cultural renaissance project.
This research deals with structure of power and its concept in Farabi's political
philosophy, by analyzing his basic thesis of Utopia, and analyzing the relation between
governor and the parish, and explaining the political connections that control
this city, like
the stratification and ideological structure down to the relationship between the prophecy
and philosophy, all this through systematic reading deals with the power of speech and its
relationships, and the semantic context through which these ideas emerged, and the nature
of cultural relationships that control thought and cultural production in that era. By
understanding Farabi's political ideas and their situation of speech context emerged the
category of (good authority) as a reflection of the structure of that era, and an alternative to
the category of existing power at that time which was based on tradition and the sanctity of
hereditary rule. Here Farabi's summon the pronouncements of the Greek speech and
reconstructing and integrating them in the context of the Islamic intellectual on the one
hand becomes a necessity which is required to the building of the political alternative of
religious feudal authority, and on the other hand its unique feature and characteristic
distinguish the Farabian philosophy through his building a philosophical pattern which
combines rationality and inspiration.
