The article has been split into two main parts; the first concerns
illustrating the nature of the relation between method and text and which
one is prior to another. We discriminated three main opinions in the
history of philosophy, which are:
•
The first opinion is adopted by those who prioritize System to
method.
• While the second opinion believers tend to prioritize method to
System.
• The third opinion favors merging and unifying method and
system.
We worked on analyzing and discussing these opinions, and tried
exposing their disadvantages, and expressed our opinions in this
particular.
The second part of the article is concerned with analyzing how to
read a philosophy text, in which we discriminated two types of readings:
• A closed interpretational reading.
• And a hermeneutical open reading.
This research aims to show the meaning of "the philosophical
system" and the recognition its structure, and explaining it. Because of
the scarcity of such studies, especially in Arabic, beside the unavailability
of the references related to the su
bject, we are going to study the
theoretical problem about the concept of "system" in the Arabic thought,
and to distinguish between the "system" and the "doctrine", trying to
define the "philosophical system" and to clarify it's characters.
Awareness in one of the most important factors for the study of heritage, so as to
find the optimal formula of its comprehensive aspects of scientific, philosophical, social,
political and economic levels, i.e. the ideological and cognitive levels
(philosophical).
These two levels have a large role in determining the central point adopted in determining
the development of theme of heritage, which forms the most important problems of the
current era.
This research deals with structure of power and its concept in Farabi's political
philosophy, by analyzing his basic thesis of Utopia, and analyzing the relation between
governor and the parish, and explaining the political connections that control
this city, like
the stratification and ideological structure down to the relationship between the prophecy
and philosophy, all this through systematic reading deals with the power of speech and its
relationships, and the semantic context through which these ideas emerged, and the nature
of cultural relationships that control thought and cultural production in that era. By
understanding Farabi's political ideas and their situation of speech context emerged the
category of (good authority) as a reflection of the structure of that era, and an alternative to
the category of existing power at that time which was based on tradition and the sanctity of
hereditary rule. Here Farabi's summon the pronouncements of the Greek speech and
reconstructing and integrating them in the context of the Islamic intellectual on the one
hand becomes a necessity which is required to the building of the political alternative of
religious feudal authority, and on the other hand its unique feature and characteristic
distinguish the Farabian philosophy through his building a philosophical pattern which
combines rationality and inspiration.
