In order to alleviate the huge demand for annotated datasets for different tasks, many recent natural language processing datasets have adopted automated pipelines for fast-tracking usable data. However, model training with such datasets poses a chal
lenge because popular optimization objectives are not robust to label noise induced in the annotation generation process. Several noise-robust losses have been proposed and evaluated on tasks in computer vision, but they generally use a single dataset-wise hyperparamter to control the strength of noise resistance. This work proposes novel instance-adaptive training frameworks to change single dataset-wise hyperparameters of noise resistance in such losses to be instance-wise. Such instance-wise noise resistance hyperparameters are predicted by special instance-level label quality predictors, which are trained along with the main classification models. Experiments on noisy and corrupted NLP datasets show that proposed instance-adaptive training frameworks help increase the noise-robustness provided by such losses, promoting the use of the frameworks and associated losses in NLP models trained with noisy data.
Uric acid (UA) has a role in pathogenesis of several metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance (IR) and their related disorders. The aim of this report is to review the available evidences that reveal the association between UA, IR and rel
ated disorders via both noninsulin and insulin-based IR indices.
METHODS: The published literature was surveyed using Google Scholar and PubMed entering the terms Obesity, UA, IR, Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), Gestational Diabetes (GDM), Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS).
RESULTS: UA had substantial positive relationships with IR, as well as obesity, MetS, DM, GDM, and PCOS. Evidently UA with a role in oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and induction of inflammation may cause IR in totality, the major factor in development of MetS and related diseases. Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin based IR index, correlated positively with UA. Moreover, specifically triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), triglyceride to fasting glucose (TyG) index are noninsulin-based IR indices of positive correlations with UA. MetS score for IR (MetS-IR), a non-insulin based IR index, had significantly proportional correlations with MetS components as well as UA level. UA to HDL-cholesterol ratio (UHR) was a pronounced statistical predictor of MetS and diabetes control. UA positively associated with hyperinsulinemia and IR in prediabetes.
CONCLUSION: Succinctly UA can be an emerging biochemistry marker of predictive role in IR, MetS and related anomalies. More hyperuricemia related studies are warranted to be oriented from being correlational to mechanistic
This work aims to find approximate relationships to calculate the static durability of ball valve disc valves, based on material resistance and flexibility theory. Three groups were obtained, and these groups represent three mathematical charts, each
of which corresponds to specific relationships obtained to calculate the stresses generated in the dish.
The purpose of this report is to determine the effectiveness of using shear walls with Moment-resisting frames by modeling two bare frame structures. The first model is a combination of bare frames and shear walls, and the second model is without she
ar walls, and analyzing them statically (LATERAL FORCE METHOD) and dynamically (RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD) using ETABS 2016 software, and comparing the results of base shear forces, displacements and vibration modes, in order to form a comprehensive understanding of the proper use of shear walls.
The report raises critical questions regarding the key factors of resisting seismic forces on similar structures, where rigidity or ductility can play opposing roles in the overall structure resistance.
Textiles, including clothing, hats, and umbrellas, offer the best way to protect against exposure to UV rays. Natural dyes are environmentally friendly dyes that reduce water pollution to a large extent compared to synthetic dyes.
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of irrigation
solutions on the dentin flexural strength .(20) extracted third molars were
gathered with age avarege (18-24) years old, and the dentine bars that will
be prepared and designed for study with similar dimensions (width 1
mm, thickness 2 mm, Length of at least 7 mm).
The study of the effect of the common addition of Syrian Clay
and magnesium oxides on the specifications of the resulting
cement stone and specifically its effect on the elasticity of the
resulting stone.
This paper presents a study to reduction of heavy crude oil viscosity by
heating, where we select the best of temperature for all types instead of
constant temperature, whatever composition and viscosity of crude oil.
204 samples were collected from various body samples
during the year 2016. These 204 samples distributed as
follows: 133 from urine , 37 swabs of wounds and burns,
10 swabs from the ear and pharynx, 12 from feces, 8
from CSF, 4 from blood. This s
tudy distinctly showed that
gram negative bacilli were the most isolates 136 (67%)
while 68 isolates (33%) were gram positive bacteria .
E. coli dominated (39.68%) of the total gram negative
bacilli.
This study distinctly showed an increase in the ratio of
E. coli resistance to one or more types of antibiotics , we
found that E. coli resistance to all antibiotics except
specific and expensive antibiotics, and we found that its
complete resistance to the second ,third and fourth
generation of cephalosporins , resistance to specific and
antibiotics such as Imipenem.
The aim of this study is to determine the percentage of loss in yield of some durum wheat varieties against wheat leaf rust, and to identify whether the slow rusting has a positive effect in limiting yield loss. The study was carried out in the field
s of experiments at Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria, 2015, included six durum wheat varieties (Cham1, Cham5, Douma1, Cham9, Beltagy and Massine).
