Evaluation of the performance of some wheat varieties under drought stress in tillering stage

This research was conducted at Izraa research station of The General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research during the growing season 2010/2011 to study the performance of six durum wheat varieties at early growth stage under water deficit stress. The experiment was designed using randomized complete block design with three replication. The statistical analysis results of the experiment clearly showed genetic variations among cultivars under water stress. Drought stress caused a depression in all studied traits. Mean yield decreased in average 31.7 %. The number of spiks/ m2 was the most trait affected by drought stress, It decreased in average 29.1% while biological yield decreased in average 24.26%. It was observed that the number of spikes per m2 was the highest in the variety Hourani (191) and the highest number of grain per spike (34.1) whereas the variety Bohouth7 and the variety hourani recorded the highest thousand grain weight (40.5 g). The statistical analysis results showed that the variety Cha5 a achieved the highest grain yield per m2 (239.4 g), whereas, the variety Bohouth7 recorded the lowest grain yield per m2 (182.8 g), under water deficit stress conditions.

Inheritance of some quantitative characters in durum wheat

This study was carried out at Karahta station of field crops research department General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus Syria during the 2009 -2010 and 2010 -2011 growing seasons to estimate gene action, potency ratios, heterosis and Inbreeding depressions. Five population seeds of two single hybrids (Cham-5 × Azeghar-1), (Bohoth-5 × Gidara-2) were formed by crossing of four inbred lines. The crosses were subjected to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in order to evaluate plant height (PH), number of grains per spike (GRSP), flag leaf area (FLA), thousand kernel weight (TKY) and grain (p<0.05) yield per plant (GYP). Mean square results showed significant differences among mean values of the five populations for all studied traits in all crosses. Significant heterosis values compared to mid and better parent were observed for all traits with exception of (PH) (5.82, 1.62)%, (GRSP) (27.49 9.66)% and(TKY) (3.05 7.53)% for Cross-1. (GYP) (82.46, 96.63)% for Cross- 2. (GRSP) (9.09 5.14)%. The potency ratios exceeded (+1) in all traits and crosses except (PH) (-2.23) for Cross-2. Indicating that over-dominance towards low placement. The results indicated that Inbreeding depression values were significant for all traits in Cross-1 except for (GRSP) (10.33), and (TKY) (15.23). While its values were non- significant for all traits inCross-2except (GRSP) (25.46*). In most traits epestasis or dominant gene action occupied the first rank in controlling these traits in both crosses. It could be suggested that selection for most studied traits in the subsequent generations will be relatively more effective than in early generations.

The Role of Slow Rust in Limit Wheat Leaf Rust Damage in Syria

The aim of this study is to determine the percentage of loss in yield of some durum wheat varieties against wheat leaf rust, and to identify whether the slow rusting has a positive effect in limiting yield loss. The study was carried out in the fields of experiments at Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria, 2015, included six durum wheat varieties (Cham1, Cham5, Douma1, Cham9, Beltagy and Massine).