Twelve growing Shami heifers available in Dier-Al-Hajar Station for
improving Shami Cattle weighing 115±3 kg and 178±4 days old were used to
monitor the daily growth of ovarian follicles (daily numbers, size, length and
number of waves, rate of gr
owth and regression) using Transrectal Ultrasound
Echo System (7.5 MHz probe) in 6-14 months-old heifers. Results indicated that
ovarian follicles developed in a wave pattern in all Shami heifers when they
were 6 months old and no significant differences in the number and size of
ovarian follicles were found between right and left ovaries. A cohort of 4 to 7
small follicles with a diameter 2-5 mm developed together and one of them was
selected for continual growth, became dominant and later regressed during the
pre-pubertal stage.
Uric acid (UA) has a role in pathogenesis of several metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance (IR) and their related disorders. The aim of this report is to review the available evidences that reveal the association between UA, IR and rel
ated disorders via both noninsulin and insulin-based IR indices.
METHODS: The published literature was surveyed using Google Scholar and PubMed entering the terms Obesity, UA, IR, Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), Gestational Diabetes (GDM), Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS).
RESULTS: UA had substantial positive relationships with IR, as well as obesity, MetS, DM, GDM, and PCOS. Evidently UA with a role in oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and induction of inflammation may cause IR in totality, the major factor in development of MetS and related diseases. Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin based IR index, correlated positively with UA. Moreover, specifically triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), triglyceride to fasting glucose (TyG) index are noninsulin-based IR indices of positive correlations with UA. MetS score for IR (MetS-IR), a non-insulin based IR index, had significantly proportional correlations with MetS components as well as UA level. UA to HDL-cholesterol ratio (UHR) was a pronounced statistical predictor of MetS and diabetes control. UA positively associated with hyperinsulinemia and IR in prediabetes.
CONCLUSION: Succinctly UA can be an emerging biochemistry marker of predictive role in IR, MetS and related anomalies. More hyperuricemia related studies are warranted to be oriented from being correlational to mechanistic
