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Register a new userEvaluation of some physiological parameters of several sorghum (Sorghumbicolor L. Moench) genotypes for water stress tolerance during the flowering stage
تقييم بعض المؤشرات الفيزيولوجية لعدة طرز من الذرة البيضاء Sorghumbicolor L. Moench لتحمل الإجهاد المائي خلال الإزهار
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2014
fields
Field Crops
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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نفذت التجربة في محطة خرابو التابعة لكلية الزراعة، جامعة دمشق، خلال الموسم 2009-2010 بهدف تقييم أداء سبعة عشر طرازاً وراثياً من الذرة البيضاء تحت ظروف الإجهاد المائي خلال مرحلة الإزهار وفق تصميم القطاعات الكاملة العشوائية في ثلاثة مكررات.
An experiment was conducted in Kharabo station which belongs to the faculty of agriculture, Damascus university during the growing season 2009 ! 2010, to evaluate the response of seventeen sorghum genotypes under water stress conditions during the flowering stage according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replicates.
References used
Amal, G. Ahmed and A. K. M. Salem. 2005. Response of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.Moench) potassium fertilizers pales and omittingone irrigation. Egypt. J. Agro., 27(2). 11: 59-70
Ali, M. A.; S.Naize, A. Abbas, W. Sabir and K. Jabran. 2009. Genetic diversity and assessment of drought tolerant sorghum landraces based on morphphysiological traits at different growth stages Plant Omics J., 188: 214-27
Abdulai, A. L, F. Asch and N. Van De Giesen. 2004. Physiological and morphological responses of Sorghum bicolor to static and dynamic drought conditions. Rural poverty reduction through research for development .Deutcher Tropentage ,Berlin
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A hydroponic culture experiment was conducted under the green house
conditions, at the general commission of scientific agricultural research, and
the faculty of agriculture, Damascus university, during the year 2002-003.
The objectives of this in
vestigation concentrated on the influence of four
salinity levels (0-50-100-150 mM NaCl) on some physiological parameters of
eight sorghum genotypes. The experiment was designed in a RCB design with
three replications.
Laboratory experiment was conducted in the laboratories of field
crops department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University,
during the year 2011, in order to screen some lentils genotypes to
osmotic stress at seedling stage.
Heritability and genetic advance of some grain yield components and some
morpho-physiological traits in 36 sorghum hybrids [Sorghum bicolor L.
Moench] produced by top-cross using cytoplasmic male sterility were
estimated.
Narrow-sense heritabilit
y for plant height and head length were relatively
high in Damascus location (65% and 56%) respectively, but the narrow-sense
heritability of all characters in Raqqa location were low, the range was from
3% for threshing percentage to 34% for plant height, and from 22% for seed
weight/head to 60% for plant height in the combined analysis.
Genetic advance estimates were relatively low for all characters, the range
was from 0% for 100 seed weight to 28.3% for plant height (Damascus
location), and from 0.02% for seed numbers/head to 15.2% for plant height
(Raqqa location), and from 5.8% for the number of days to flowering to 26.5%
for plant height (combined analysis).
Some characters such as plant height and head length showed relatively
high values of heritability, but exhibited low values of genetic advance.
Therefore other characters had low heritability coupled with low values of
genetic advance indicated predominance of non-additive gene action. This
result implies the need for several generations of selection to improve grain
yield components and other traits.
Different experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions, at the
Faculty of Agriculture – Damascus University, in order to develop a suitable
and efficient screening tool, which can be applied to assess the genetic
variability among 20 sor
ghum genotypes (Izraa series) for high salt stress
tolerance.
We were able to develop a screening technique involves pre- exposing
sorghum seedlings to a sub – lethal level of salinity stress (induction stress) (150
mM NaCl) for 16 hrs which can induce the genotypes to prepare defensive
means, which may differ according to the genetic potentiality of each genotype.
These protective responses may help the genotype to endure the lethal level of
salinity stress (400 mM NaCl) for 48 hrs. At a later stage, the seedlings were
transferred to distilled water for 72 hrs and the rate of recovery growth was
taken as a criterion to select the highly salt tolerant genotypes by using Zdistribution
analysis.
Results revealed that genotypes such as: Izraa 10, Izraa 15, and Izraa 18
could be classified as salt tolerant genotypes which showed higher recovery
growth and the least growth reduction over the control. Whereas a genotype
such as Izraa 22 was grouped as salt sensitive one where the percent growth
reduction over the control was greater, indicating that this genotype has low
recovery growth ability.
Our results suggest that the proposed screening technique is rapid, effective,
and match the natural screening.
Ssilverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.) is a serious weed to
cotton and other field summer crops due to the alkaloids present in the plant
and have allelopathic potential on the germination of other plants. Sorghum
(Sorghum bicolor) h
ave been investigated as a allelopathic crop having strong
competition potential in the field containing many numerous water solution
allelochemicals and can be used to control weeds in field crops. A field
competition study between sorghum and silverleaf nightshade plants was
conducted to determine how long every plant can resist against the other.
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