A Model Design To Determine The Appropriate Points To Build Fire Towers

This paper presents the methods of designing a model to determine the appropriate points to build fire towers extended on an area of Syrian Arab Republic, in order to monitor and early warning the forest fire. This helps the authorities' process of extinguishing the fire as it arises and thereby protect our forest from fire that destroys thousands of hectares every year. The model has been designed using the tools of Spatial Analysis available in ArcGIS program. These tools have been applied to evaluate the performance of the fire towers in the studied area, and to suggest new sites for fire towers in this region in order to increase the vision of the area. We calculate the area of visible areas covered by the suggested fire towers. We finally customize the parameters of the model to be applied for different areas using different input data, so the users of the model simply can enter the parameters of their own area and apply the model.

Assessment of Digital Elevation Model Resolution for Watershed Delineation Studies of Riparian Rivers

International river basins are characterized by their wide extent where mapping earth surface features and drawing contours by topographic team become–somehow- impossible because the cost and efforts consumed to execute it become very high and may exceed reasonable limits. Here it becomes necessary to use digital elevation models (DEM) inferred by specialized scientific organizations using remote sensing. There are several DEMs available on the internet and downloadable for free. The primary factor in defining the models efficiency in building hydrological models not the least cost but the maximum reliable results and better resolution that adequate to the capabilities of the PCs. In this study, three DEMs were used to derive and build hydrological models for the Euphrates-Tigris basin using Geographic information system techniques. The resulted boundaries of Euphrates-Tigris basin were compared with three boundaries implemented by international research organizations (UNEP, ESCWA, and FAO). As a conclusion of this comparison, the SRTM—3arc DEM was the most efficient model among used models. In addition, this study indicated the necessity to reevaluate Basin’s boundaries and correct the spatial distribution of proportion for basin area between the riparian countries.

Using satellite images in updating topographic maps (An applicated study on Al-Bahlolia district)

The science and art of producing maps had been subjected to the changes as a result of new recent techniques developments at space photogrammetry, that lead to appearance of programs and applications in the computer's world. This associated with the advent of information age and Geographic information system that changed the traditional topographic map from just a map to an analyzing and viewing tool. All Syrian Topographic maps are old, out dated, and largely exist in paper form. Due to the high cost of aerial photography, These maps have not been updated for many years and such are not useful for planning. Therefore, there is an urgent need to produce new maps using high resolution satellite images. The research put a method for updating topographic maps of Al-Bahlolia district which have scales (1/50000) and (1/200000), By using Cartosat1 images. After updating, The results were that there is increasing in the area of planted land. In addition to building developments, increasing of length and density of roads between and inside villages. Contour lines also have been generated automatically, so efforts and time were be saved.

Accuracy of interpolation methods for the derivation of digital elevation models based on gridding observations

In this study, we focused on the interpolation methods for the derivation of digital elevation models, based on field gridding observations with different spacing.