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Register a new userRole of some cultural practices in improving nitrogen use efficiency and grain quality of some wheat varieties under rainfed conditions
دور بعض الممارسات الزراعية في زيادة كفاءة استعمال الآزوت و تحسين الخصائص النوعية لدى بعض أصناف القمح المزروعة بعل
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نفذت تجربة حقلية في محطة بحوث جلين، بمحافظة درعا، في الجمهورية العربية السورية، خـلال الموسمين الزراعيين 2010/2011 ، و 2011/2012 بهدف تقييم أهمية دور بعض الممارسات الزراعيـة في تحسين كفاءة استعمال الآزوت و الخصائص النوعيـة لـدى بعـض أصـناف القمـح [أكـساد1105، و أكساد1229 ، و أكساد885 ، و أكساد901] . نُفذت التجربة وفق تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملـة العامليـة المنشقة، بثلاثة مكررات، و لوحظ أن متوسط دليل المساحة الورقية، و محتوى الحبوب من النشاء، و الغلة الحبية كانت الأعلى معنوياً خلال الموسم الزراعي الأول لدى نباتات صنف القمح الطري دوما4 عند موعد و عند إضافة الأسمدة الآزوتية علـى دفعتـين 1 -الزراعة الأول و معدل التسميد الآزوتي (200 كغ. هكتار م. غ 1051 ،%68.60 ،1.25 على التوالي).
A field trail was conducted at Jeleen Research Station, Dara,a governorate, Syria, during two consecutive growing seasons (2010/ 2011-2011/ 2012), in order to evaluate the role of some cultural practices in improving nitrogen use efficiency and grains quality characteristics of four wheat varieties (Acsad1105, Acsad1229, Acsad885 and Acsad901). The experiment was laid according to randomized complete block design-split, with three replicates. Leaf area index, grain starch content and grain yield were significantly higher during the first growing season, in the wheat variety (Acsad901), for the first planting date, and nitrogen rate (200 Kg N. ha1-), when nitrogen fertilizer was added in two splits (1.25, 68.60 %, 1051 g. m-2).
References used
Alley, M., M. Brann. D. E. Hammons. J. L. Peter Scharf and W. E. Baethgen. 1999. Nitrogen Management for Winter Wheat: Principles and Recommendations. Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, publication, 424- 026
American Association of Cereal Chemists. 1976. Approved Methods of the American Association of Cereal Chemists, 46 – 12, AACC, St. Paul, Minnesota
Belaid, A. 2000. Durum wheat in WANA production, trade and grains from Technological change. In. Option Mediterranean. pp. 35-54
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A field experiment was conducted during the two consecutive growing seasons
(2010/2011 and 2011/2012) at Ezra’ Research Station/Deraa/Syria in order to evaluate the
role of some agricultural practices in improving the performance of four wheat vari
eties
(Acsad1105, Acsad1229, Acsad885 and Acsad901) under rainfed conditions. The experiment
was laid according to factorial randomized complete block-split design with three
replications. The mean average of early vigor, flag leaf area, peduncle length and leaf area
index was significantly higher during the first growing season for the wheat variety
(Acsad901) at the first planting date with a nitrogen amount of (150 kgN. Hectar1), and
when nitrogen fertilizers were added twice (1.6-2.5, 53.4cm2, 16.3cm, 1.20 respectively).
The mean average of the same studied aspects, however, was significantly lower during the
second growing season in the case of the variety Acsad855 with regards to the early vigor,
as well as in the case of the variety Acsad1129 in the case of the leaf area Flag at a late
planting date, and without nitrogen fertilizers (3.6 4.5, 3.3 cm, 0.18, 16.6 cm2
respectively). The mean average of the grain yield was significantly higher during the first
growing season for two wheat varieties (Acsad901, Acsad1229) at the first planting date,
nitrogen rate 200 kgN. Ha-1, and when nitrogen fertilizers were added twice (660.4, 631.1
g.m-2 respectively), while it was significantly lower during the second growing season for
the variety Acsad1105, at a late planting date, and without nitrogen fertilizers (127 g.m-2).
Optimizing some important cultural practices helps increasing wheat grain yield by
improving morpho-physiological traits related to yield particularly the size of source
photo synthise (Leaf Area Index, Flag leaf area). The response of astivum wheat variety
was better compared to durum wheat. This shows the importance of improving crop
mangment factors in order to reach the maximum potential yield.
Two separate pot experiments were conducted during the agricultural season (2012-2013) and a complete randomization system was used, studying the response of four certified Syrian soft wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L), namely (Sham 4, Sham 6, Bo
houth 4, Bohuth 6) towards nitrogenous additives and the dates of addition different types and evaluate the efficiency of these varieties in benefiting from the added nitrogen fertilizer.
This research was conducted at the farm of Abu-Jarash, Faculty of
Agriculture, Damascus University. The aim of this research was to
evaluate the performance and productivity of 9 bread wheat (T.
.aestivum )and 3 durum wheat T. durum.
The experiment was laid out in a Random Complete Block design
(RCPD) with three replication.
This study was conducted in a pot experiment during 2012-2013 to investigate the
response of four Syrian bread wheat cultivars (Sham 4, Sham 6, Bohouth 4, and Bohouth
6) to increasing levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 k
g N/h).
Nitrogen was added in two equal split applications, half was added as urea (46% N) at
sowing, and the second half was added as ammonium nitrate (33.5 % N) at tillerring and
stem elongation stage. Some growth and productivity parameters were investigated.
Nitrogen application led in all four cultivars to significant increase in number of
tillers, productive on the expense of non-productive tillers. This was accompanied by a
significant increase in number of spikes on plant and number and weight of grain in the
spike. Sham 6 had a higher number of productive tillers at nitrogen rate of application 200
kg N/h, whereas Bohouth 4 had a greater height for main stems and tillers compared to
other cultivars.
Grain productivity increased with the first level of nitrogen application (40 kg N/h)
by a rate of 53, 57, 55, and 48 % for cultivars Sham 4, Sham 6, Bohouth 4, and Bohouth 6,
respectively. Grain yield reached with nitrogen application of 200 kg N/h to 15.89, 15.96,
13.6, and 15.7 ton/h, respectively. Cultivars differed significantly in grain yield within
each nitrogen application level. Grain yield for Bohouth 6 got closer to Sham 4 and Sham
6 with nitrogen application reaching 160 kg N/h, and after which became not significantly
different, while grain yield of Bohouth 4 remains significantly lower compared to all
cultivars.
This research was carried out during both growing seasons 2009/10 -
2010/11 at the National Center for Agricultural Research and Extension
(NCARE) / Karak Governorate / Jordan, to study the response of five barley
varieties namely Mu'tah, Yarmok,
Athroh, Rum and Acsad-176 to the effect of
four seeding rates (50, 100, 150 and 200kg/ha) and five nitrogen fertilizer levels
(0, 15, 30, 45 and 60kg/ha) on the productivity of grain and straw, the harvest
index and some phenological indicators.
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