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Register a new userInfluence of tillage depths, timing of nitrogen fertilizer on growth and productivity indicators, and seeds chemical composition of peanut plant
تأثير أعماق الحراثة و موعد إضافة السماد الأزوتي في بعض مؤشرات النمو و الإنتاجية و التركيب الكيميائي لبذور الفول السوداني
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2013
fields
Agricultural Engineering
and research's language is
العربية
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نفذت التجربة في كلية الزراعة عامي (2011،2012) لدراسة تأثير أعماق مختلفة للحراثة و موعد إضافة السماد الآزوتي على بعض مؤشرات النمو و الإنتاجية للفول السوداني (دليل المساحة الورقية، الوزن الجاف/نبات، دليل البذور ) و التركيب الكيميائي للبذور (نسبة البروتين و الزيت في البذور ).صممت التجربة بطريقة القطاعات المنشقة لمرة واحدة في ثلاثة مكررات. شغلت أعماق الحراثة القطع الرئيسة: (D1 (10-8 سم حراثة سطحية، (D2 (20-18 سم حراثة متوسطة، D3 (30-28سم حراثة عميقة. و شغل موعد إضافة السماد الآزوتي القطع المنشقة حيث: (T1) الموعد الأول أضيفت كامل الكمية عند الزراعة،(T2) الموعد الثاني أضيف الآزوت مناصفةً عند الزراعة و عند الإزهار،(T3) الموعد الثالث أضيفت كامل الكمية عند الإزهار. أظهرت الدراسة النتائج الآتية: تحسنت مؤشرات الإنتاجية عند نبات الفول السوداني مع ازدياد عمق الحراثة، حيث ازدادت قيم دليل المساحة الورقية إلى (11.93 ،11.80 ) في الموسمين على التوالي عند معاملة الحراثة العميقة D3. كما ازداد ادخار المادة الجافة عند معاملة الحراثة العميقة D3 إلى (285.9 ،266.6 )غ/نبات على التوالي في الموسمين. كذلك ارتفع مؤشر دليل البذور إلى (74.32 ،74.53 )غ في الموسمين على التوالي عند معاملة الحراثة العميقة D3. و كانت الفروق بين المعاملات في المؤشرات السابقة معنوية، و ازدادت نسب البروتين و الزيت في بذور الفول السوداني مع زيادة عمق الحراثة و لم تكن الفروق بينها معنوية. و أثّر موعد إضافة الآزوت في المؤشرات السابقة، إذ تفوق الموعد الثاني T2 في دليل المساحة الورقية و بلغت القيم (11.80 ،11.60 ) في موسمي (2011،2012 ) على التوالي، و في ادخار المادة الجافة (263.4,283.0) غ/نبات على التوالي، في حين تفوق الموعد الثاني T2 معنوياً بازدياد نسبة البروتين في البذور إلى (24.35 ،25.24 )%. و تغيرت نسب الزيت في البذور باختلاف موعد إضافة الآزوت، و كانت الفروق في نسب الزيت معنوية، و بلغت أعلى نسبة (47.10 ،47.21 )% عند الموعد الثالث T3 على التوالي في الموسمين المذكورين. ظهرت فروق معنوية في دليل المساحة الورقية نتيجة التفاعل بين عمق الحراثة و موعد إضافة السماد الآزوتي و كانت أعلى قيمة (12.53 ،12.07 ) عند تفاعل المعاملتين (D3 x T2)، و لم تظهر فروق معنوية في باقي المؤشرات نتيجة هذا التفاعل.
A field experiment was conducted in Agriculture collage –Tishreen University for two years 2011&2012 to evaluate the effect of tillage depths and nitrogen fertilizer timing application on growth productivity indicators and seeds' chemical composition of peanut plant. The experiment was designed in split plots with three replicates. The main plots included shallow tillage (8-10) cm, medium tillage (18- 20) cm and deep tillage (28- 30) cm tillage depths D1, D2, D3 respectively. Timing application (split- plots) were: T1 all nitrogen fertilizer applied at planting ,T2 half nitrogen applied at planting and half at flowering ,T3 all nitrogen fertilizer applied at flowering .Deep tillage caused significant differences and increased leaf area index to (11.93,11.80) for the two seasons respectively . For dry weight/plant were (285.9, 266.6) g for two seasons respectively and seeds index arrived highest values (74.32, 74.53) g for two seasons respectively. Tillage depth increased protein and oil percentage in seeds, but the effect was insignificant. Timing of nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on leaf area index. The best values were (11.80, 11.60) for two seasons respectively in the treatment T2, and dry weight/plant (283.0, 263.4) g/plant respectively. Significant effect was observed for seeds index. The highest values were (74.41, 74.21) g for two seasons respectively in the treatment T2, so that for protein percentage in seeds arrived highest values (24.35, 25.24) % respectively in the treatment T2. But the highest values of oil percentage were (47.10, 47.21) % for two seasons respectively in the treatmentT3. Interaction (D x T) had significant effect on leaf area index. The best values were (12.53, 12.07) for two season respectively at (D3 x T2) interaction treatments. This interaction had no significant effects on the rest of the indicators
References used
ANONYMOUS. Production year Book, Food and Agricultural Organization, PAO STAT database. http://www.PAT, organization, Rome,2005,(11):68-69. 3- AKHTAR J., MEHDI S.M., OBAID-UR-REHMAN , MAHMOOD .K., SARFRAZ,. M.. Effect of deep tillage practices on moisture preservation and yield of groundnut under rainfed conditions .J. Agric Soci. Sci. 2005.1(2):98-101
ALAMOUTI, M. Y., NAVABZADEH, M. Investigating of plowing depth effect on some soil physical properties. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences . 2007. (10):4510 – 4514
CHANDLER , J. V. , COSTAR , R .C. , BONETA , E. G. High crop produced with and without tillage on three tropical soils of the humid region of Porto RicoBulletin.1996.(50) :146-150. 6- CHAUDHARY ,M.R.,GAJRI, P.R , PRIHAR ,S.S . , KHERA,R. Effect of deep tillage on soil physical properties and maize yield on coarse textured soils .Soil and Tillage Res. 1985.(6):31-44
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