The external indebtedness of the Arab countries, its causes and consequences, and ways to confront it

Indebtedness is considered one of the most important problems facing Arab countries, due to its negative dimensions on the process of economic development in these countries and its threat to the stability of their financial system. which prompted these countries to borrow, which constituted a huge burden on the borrowing Arab countries in paying the installments agreed upon by the creditor and the interest arising from these loans, and of course, these burdens that are paid are at the expense of the basic services provided by these countries to their citizens, which It leaves negative effects on social and political conditions, in addition to stifling economic growth rates. This research aims to shed light on the factors that played an important role in exacerbating the external indebtedness crisis of Arab countries, and to identify ways that can mitigate the impact of external indebtedness at the local level. Arab and international

The Role Of External Auditing In The Administrative Reform Process In Syria

This research aims to determine the relationship between external scrutiny and the administrative reform process in the Syrian Telecom Company (Lattakia branch). To achieve this objective, the researcher used a hypothetical-deductive approach to formulate the hypotheses. (55) questionnaires were distributed to the employees that are under study. (54) questionnaires were retrieved and (49) were valid for analysis. a statistical study was conducted to reveal this relationship. The researcher used the correlation coefficient (Person). The study concluded that there is a significant relationship between external scrutiny mechanism and the management reform process in the Syrian Telecommunications Company, Lattakia branch. This study also reached a set of recommendations and proposals, which would contribute positively in improving the administrative reform

Study of the effect of the addition of the booster on the performance of the basin solar still under the climatic conditions of the city of Homs

Solar energy being one of the most promising alternatives, this because of its availability and low cost compared to other energies. The device that uses solar energy to desalinate saline water is called the solar still. The problem at the solar still is reflected in its low efficiency, with the aim of raising it. This research presents a theoretical and experimental study for single-slope and single-basin solar stills.

Using satellite images in updating topographic maps (An applicated study on Al-Bahlolia district)

The science and art of producing maps had been subjected to the changes as a result of new recent techniques developments at space photogrammetry, that lead to appearance of programs and applications in the computer's world. This associated with the advent of information age and Geographic information system that changed the traditional topographic map from just a map to an analyzing and viewing tool. All Syrian Topographic maps are old, out dated, and largely exist in paper form. Due to the high cost of aerial photography, These maps have not been updated for many years and such are not useful for planning. Therefore, there is an urgent need to produce new maps using high resolution satellite images. The research put a method for updating topographic maps of Al-Bahlolia district which have scales (1/50000) and (1/200000), By using Cartosat1 images. After updating, The results were that there is increasing in the area of planted land. In addition to building developments, increasing of length and density of roads between and inside villages. Contour lines also have been generated automatically, so efforts and time were be saved.

The role of an external auditor in tax charging in Syria

This study aimed to explore the role of an external auditor in the process of tax charging where the external audit form as an important factor in the process of taxation in its ability to control the process of taxation and make it smoother and In the preparation of accurate, credible tax returns and therefore reach the real, fair charging of tax that achieves the objectives of the various parties as it works to increase and enhance tax voluntary compliance.

The international protection for outer space environment

Human activity in exploitation and discover outer space caused transfer pollution phenomenon to this environment which become rich in various scientific, commercial, and civilization uses. International community be aware of necessity protection for this environment from surrounded pollution risks by many international treaties like Limited Test Ban Treaty of 1963 (Moscow convention), and risk convention use changes techniques in environment for military purpose or any other hostile purpose 1976 and international legal regime regulating environmental aspects of outer space. This treaties deal with outer space environment protection subject from pollution and necessity provide required protection for continuance outer activity. But this convention in spite of approval many legal regime regulating human activity in outer space . and if guarantee a kind of environmental protection for outer space but that does not cancel urgent needed to presence international process, care basically in environmental aspect related use this endangered environment in great risk maybe impede space the process should guarantee effective and adequate protection for environment to outer space and guarantee uses by perfect way which preserves environment and excluded pollution ghost .

The extent of Syrian auditors' interest in auditing tax compliance when they are applying (ISA) Number (240–250) in the Syrian corporations

This study aims to determine the extent of Syrian auditors' interest in auditing tax compliance when they are applying both the international auditing standard No. 250 which related to the responsibility of the auditor in relation to fraud, including the declare for tax fraud and the international auditing standard No. 240 which related to the responsibility of the auditor concerning the obligation to laws and regulations, including tax laws and regulations the taxes in the Syrian joint stock companies and follow the procedures provided for in both standards in the audit process.

The crime of kidnapping in the Syrian law

Approved a Syrian legislator protect the freedom of movement acted involuntarily to man, expresses hereby expressly intention to move and wander according to his will, for the exercise of its work and its rights and other freedoms, but this does not mean that the desire of the individual has become similar to the rule of law Such freedom is not absolute, it can not be for a person to give up her due its close association with the moral side of the human personality.

The External Form of Building And its Effectiveness on the Thermal Comfort for users

The aim of this research is examing the impact of architectural unit form (building) and its reflection of the thermal gains, which consequently reach the thermal comfort of the users. This begins with the understanding of surrounding climatic circumstances in order to derive the best suitable design of architectural unit (building).

Imagination between the forces of the status of human cognition

The research is talking about the various self powers which human share with animal. And It sheds the light in particular on Imagination which mediates these power. It is the link between what before and after it. It restarts images of feelings and partial meanings which had been realized before, combines each other and separates other from another. Also, It greats new images which are not existed in outside world, and he Sense can,t realize them. Also, the research talks about powers of the mental realization which. specializes with Human Lonely and animal makes him distinguish of the res of .