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Register a new userThe role of economic reform in the structural composition of foreign trade in Syria during the period 0202 - 0222
دور الإصلاح الاقتصادي في التركيب الهيكلي - للتجارة الخارجية في سورية خلال الفترة 2000-2010
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يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على الدور الذي تلعبه التجارة الخارجية في الاقتصاد السوري، فهي جزء هام من الاقتصاد الوطني، فمن خلالها يتم تأمين حاجة الاقتصاد من السلع الرأسمالية اللازمة لبناء الطاقات الإنتاجية، و عن طريقها يتم تصريف ما يفيض عن حاجة الطلب المحلي من الناتج، و بالتالي فإن تطورات القطاع الخارجي تعكس البنية الإنتاجية للاقتصاد الوطني، مستوى التشغيل و الأسعار و الدخل.. و أيضاً آثار السياسات الاقتصادية. و قد قام الباحث بالتطرق إلى الاصلاحات الاقتصادية التي تؤثر بشكل مباشر على التجارة الخارجية، ثم بتحليل هيكل التجارة الخارجية لمعرفة الإمكانيات الاقتصادية الحقيقية و المتطلبات الضرورية للنهوض بالتجارة الخارجية.
The research aims to identify the role that foreign trade plays in the Syrian economy, They are an important part of the national economy, and which is secured need the economy to build production capacity of capital goods, and through the discharge of the flooding of the need for domestic demand of the product, and therefore the external sector developments reflect the productive structure of the national economy, employment and price and income level. . and also the effects of economic policies. The researcher has addressed the economic reforms that directly affect the foreign trade, and then analyzed the structure of the foreign trade to discover the real economic potentials and the necessary requirements for the promotion.
References used
Kouparitsas,M. What can Account for Fluctuations in the Terms of Trad?. Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.2000
Margareta E.kulessa,The Economic and social of structural Adjustment policy Theory and practice , p 49
M .Todaro and s.smith, Economic Development, 8thed, Addison Wesley. 2003,p. 703
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Foreign direct investment FDI has been started to play a major role in supporting the
growth of the economies of developing countries since the eighties of the last century,
taking advantage of the rapid spread of information and communication tech
nology ICT
and the trend towards a market economy in most developing countries and trade
liberalization in them. These countries began to depend more on foreign direct investment
because of the great benefits that derive from it in terms of capital, employment and
increase in exports, or in terms of obtaining the modern technology which is necessary to
achieve the economic development.
In Syria, foreign direct investment flows started to increase since 2003 as a result of
the new directions of the Syrian government to open up to domestic and foreign private
sector, and reliance on the market economy.
The objective of this research is to shed light on the reality of foreign direct
investment in Syria, and to clarify the impact of this investment on economic growth
during the period 2000-2010. It has reached to find out that this effect was weak.
The Theme Of this research mainly focuses on the effects of foreign trade liberalization on the trade balance for agricultural sector in Syria , after conducting an analytical study of the reality of this sector . And that’s due to its importance and
its Stature in the national economy, and its effective role in production , labor , and drive economic growth , especially that the Syrian economy is classified in the agricultural economies. As the new economic trend, and regional conventions between Syria and other parties , and its accompanying procedures followed in order to cope with the foreign trade liberalization data and open markets , may significantly effected the agricultural sector.
Where although it contributed to increase the size and rate of growth of Syrian agricultural trade, but this increase is caused by an increase in the volume of agricultural imports that exceeded the volume of agricultural exportrs, and that led to a defict in its balance, after it has achieved larg surpluses for long period.
It was concluded from the study, that the process of foreign trade liberalization carried in some of its aspects, negative effects on the Syrian agricultural sector, inparticular the defict of its trare balance, instead of being
great motivation , to take its pioneering role in economy.
There are many ideas that come to the mind and many questions that keep coming
to the mind when it comes to analyzing the phenomenon of using the methods and tools to
help in the planning and making appropriate decisions.
In this research we tried
to display the importance of statistics and the most important
methods depending on the number of variables used in this analysis: descriptive
statistical indicators in case we had one variable, indexes in case we had two variables,
and factor analysis and analysis of variance in case we had several variables. These methods
were applied to production of irrigated wheat crop, both types soft and hard, during
the period 2000 - 2010 and the factors affecting its production, such as: the cultivated area,
yield, fertilizers, water, the average cost and the average price. Then the data were analyzed
using the Statistical package SPSS and program Excel. After that, they summarized
in two main factors that justify together (86.116%) of the overall variance. The first factor
was related to the land and everything related to it through a set of variables, which are:
the cultivated area and the need to fertilizers and water., The second factor was the importance
of the selling price of the crop per kilogram.
This research aims to shed light on the reality of population growth and its
components and highlighting the characteristics and changes in the educational structure of
the population in Syria during the period studied. This study also aims at know
ing the
position occupied by the population in Syria on the steps of the educational ladder, through
the analysis of the percentages for each stage of educational levels.
One of the most distinctive results that have been reached, that there is a direct
relation yet weak and insignificant statistically between the changes of the population
growth rate and those of the educational structure in Syria. Accordingly, those changes of
the educational system are related to other changes than the ones of the population growth
rate such as the education, government expenditure on education and higher education
assimilation policies ,etc.
This research investigates the main factors (domestic and foreign) affecting inflation rate in Syria.
Choosing the factors is based on the analysis of the major economic hypothesis concerning inflation determinants such as: excess purchasing power,
cost push inflation, foreign inflation.
By using OLS method, we find long run function, and it shows that the excess purchasing power has no significant effect on inflation rate.
The error correction model shows that high cost rate has the biggest effect on inflation rate in the short run.
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