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Register a new userEvaluation of The Most Important Apple Varieties in Syria
تقويم أهم أصناف التفاح المدخلة إلى سورية
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درس 20 صنف تفاح مزروعة في المجمع الوراثي للتفاح في مركـز البحـوث العلميـة الزراعيـة بالسويداء بدءاً من عام 2004 حتى عام 2008 ، من خلال إجراء التوصيف المورفولوجي و بعض الأطوار الفينولوجية للثمار، و كذلك تحديد عدد الأيام اللازمة للنضج، كما درست القدرة التخزينية للأصناف كلهـا و قد راوحت بين 5.2 - 8 أشهر حسب الصنف، فضلاً عن حساسية تلك الأصناف لبعض الآفـات التـي تصيب التفاح، حيث كان الصنف جرسي ماك حساساً جداً للبياض الدقيقي. و درِست الإنتاجيـة للأصـناف جميعها و قد راوحت بين غزيرة و جيدة و متوسطة الإنتاج. و أجري التحليل الكيميـائي لثمـار الأصـناف المدروسة من حيث محتواها من المواد الصلبة الذائبة و السكريات الكليـة، إذ تفـوق الـصنف غولـدن ديليشس معنوياً على الأصناف المدروسة، و الحموض الكلية القابلة للمعايرة (تفوق الصنف غراني سميث معنوياً على باقي الأصناف). و قد قُسمت تلك الأصناف إلى خمس مجموعات تبعاً لموعد نضجها بالاعتماد على عدد الأيام اللازمة للنضج DAFB .و قد بينت الدراسة الصفات الكمية و النوعية المهمة التي تتميز بها تلك الأصناف، مما يرشحها للاعتماد و نشرها في المناطق البيئية المناسبة في القطر.
Twenty apple varieties were evaluated in the germ plasm of the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Swaida for Morphological traits, bud honological stages, days after full bloom, storability which were ranged between 2.5 – 8 months, and best susceptibility (e.g. wooly aphid and powdery mildew), all studied varieties showed low susceptibility to wooly aphid, while Jersy Mac revealed high susceptibility to powdery mildew compared with the other varieties. The yield of all varieties was studied, so, they divided into: high yield varieties such Stark Earliest, Royal Gala and Golden 972; Good yield varieties "Golden Delicious, Starking Delicious, and Granny Smith etc."; and moderate yield varieties" Red Spur Delicious and Rome Beauty". Chemical analysis (Total soluble solids and total sugars) were achieved for all studied apple varieties. Apple Varieties were divided into five groups depending on Days After Full Bloom (DAFB). The present investigation indicted the high quantitative and qualitative traits of studied varieties which candidate for credence and distribute them in suitable environmental areas in Syria.
References used
Akhtar, L., Ibrahim, M., Ayaz, M. and Shah, M. (2002). Evaluation of early, mid and late varieties of apple growing areas of NWFP at Germ Plasm Unit (Fruits) Biakan, Matta Swat. Asian Journal of plant Science V 1(2): 167- 168
Costes, E., Fouriner, D., Audergon, J. M., Legave, J. M. and Clauzel, G. (2006). Architectural diversity of apricot trees: which morphological characters can be used to classify cultivars. Acta Horticulturae 701:105-112
Gofferda, J. C.; Voordeckers, A. and Mehlenbacher, S. A. (1995). NJ55 apple. HortScience , No.30 (2 ): 387 – 388
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