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Register a new userEffect of Some Plant Extracts and Gibberellic Acid in Fruit Drop and Improvement of Some Qualities of Date Palm Fruits Phoenix dactylifera L. var. Briam
تأثير بعض المستخلصات النباتية و الجبرلين في تساقط ثمار نخيل التمر و تحسين بعض صفاتها البريم صنف dactylifera L Phoenix
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2011
fields
Groves
and research's language is
العربية
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أجريت الدراسة لموسم النمو (2009) م في أحد بساتين أبي الخصيب / محافظة البصرة درس تـأثير -1 و الرش بمستخلص عرق السوس بتركيز (5 ،10) غـم. لتـر -1 الرش بالجبرلين بتركيز 25 ملغم. لتر فضلاً عن معاملة المقارنة في الـرش بالمـاء -1 و الرش بمستخلص الكجرات بتركيز (15 ،20 ) غم. لتر المقطر في مرحلتي الحبابوك و الكمري في تساقط ثمار نخيل التمر و تحسين صفاتها صنف البريم، أظهرت في صفتي وزن -1 النتائج تفوق الرش في مرحلة الحبابوك و معاملة الرش بالجبرلين بتركيز 25 ملغم. لتر الثمرة و حجمها و لم تظهر فروق معنوية بين الرش في مرحلة الحبابوك و الكمري في التأثير فـي المـواد في زيـادة المـواد -1 الصلبة الذائبة الكلية بينما تفوق الرش بمستخلص عرق السوس بتركيز 5 غم. لتر الصلبة الذائبة الكلية و المادة الجافة و تفوق الرش بالجبرلين في مرحلة الكمري في زيادة المحتوى المائي للثمار في حين تفوق الرش في مرحلة الحبابوك على الرش في مرحلة الكمري في زيادة محتوى المـادة الجافة للثمار، و لم تظهر النتائج فروقاً معنوية بين المعاملات أو مرحلة الرش في التأثير في نسبة تساقط الثمار لصنف البريم خلال مراحل النمو و النضج (الخلال و الرطب و التمر)، هذه النتائج تؤكـد أن ظـاهرة التساقط تتأثر بالصفات الوراثية للصنف الذكري و صفات الصنف الأنثوي.
The study was conducted at the growing season 2009 in one of an orchard in Abu-Al-Khaseeb region – Basrah, studied the effects of spraying of GA3 concentration of 25 mg. l-1 and spraying of liquorice extract concentration (5, 10) g.l-1 and spraying of Roselle extract concentration (15, 20) g.l-1 as well as compared treatment (spraying with distilled water) in two stage hbabok and Kemri on fruit drop and qualities of Braim cultivar, showed results that the spray in hababok stage and treatment of GA3 concentration 25 mg.l-1 increased of weight and size of the fruit significantly and did not show significant differences between the spray at the stage of hababok and Kemri in influencing the T.S.S., while treatment of spraying liquorice extract concentration of 5 gm.l- 1 increased total soluble solids and dry matter significantly, werever spraying at the stage of Kemri with GA3 increased significantly in water content of fruits, while sprarying in hababok stage increased in dry matter content of the fruits and did not show significant differences between the results of treatments or the stage of spraying in effect of Drop fruits for a cultivar of Braim through the stages of growth and maturity (Khalal, Rutab and Tammar) this results confirms that the phenomenon of drop fruit under the influence of genetic type male and female cultivar.
References used
Brown, G. K. and Perkins, R. M. (1969). Experiment with air-Graft methods pollination dates.dates Date Grower`s Inst.Rept.46:53-40
Cleland, R. E. (1986). The role of hormones in wall lossening and plant growth. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 13 : 93-103
Kruger, R. R. (1998). Date Palm germ plasm:overview and utilization in the U.S.A, proceeding The first international conference on Date Palm, ALAin, U.A.E:1-37
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Stages of initial callus and embryiods of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L.
were histological and chronological studied begging from the ٢nd weeks of
culturing segment of shoot tip to ten months in MS medium containing ١٠٠mg/l
٢،٤-D with activated
charcoal in the dark. The study reveled that the active
meristematic cells were unequally distributed in the explant and concentrated
in the shoot apical dome and leaf margin. These cells are the bases from which
initial callus started its growth. Somatic proembryo appeared for the first time
as a meristematic cells groups separated from each other by relatively thick
walls after five months of culturing in continuos culture in the same medium .In
progress months (٦-١٠) the small simple proembryos continued into advanced
multicell embryos and underwent polarization. Also the embryos were
observed with attendance for division and separation into smaller or budded to
produce numerous other.
The present study was conducted on aerial offshoots of date palm
Berhi cultivar after separation from their mother trees, their bases were
dipped in solution of plant growth regulator (IBA).
This investigation carried out in 2012-2013,in department of plant protection-
Damascus Unv., to study the effect of ethanol and water extracts of Allium sativum L.,
Inula viscos L., Thymus vulgaris L. and Melia azedarach L., in inhibition mycelium
growth of fungi Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum and compared with
fungicides (carbendazim and chlorothalonil) on PDA in the laboratory. The result showed
that ethanol extracts of studied species gave significant inhibition to growth fungi
compared with the control. The ethanol and water extract of the Allium sativum gave the
superior effect inhibition to F. oxysporum where gave 100% inhibition at 600 and 1000
mg/l. at respectively, and gave100% inhibition to A. alternata at 1000 mg/l. Followed with
the ethanol extract of Inula viscos. While, the ethanol and water extract of the Melia
azedarach gave the lowest inhibition to growth study fungi. Where didn’t gave 100 %
inhibition to F. oxysporum and A. alternata at 1000 mg/l. On the other hand, the ethanol
extract of Thymus vulgaris gave moderate inhibition to F. oxysporum, while the inhibition
of A. alternata was little. The ethanol extract of tested plants gave the superior effect
inhibition to both fungi compared with water extracts. On the other hand, the obtained
results showed that carbandazim gave the superior inhibition for F. oxysporum ,where gave
100% inhibition at concentration 120 mg/l. While the fungicide chlorothalonil gave the
lowest inhibition to F. oxysporum. At contrast, the fungicide chlorothalonil gave the
highest inhibition to A. alternata at used concentration. Where cause 100% inhibition at
150 mg/l. On the other hand, Effect of plant extracts and fungicides increased with increase
of concentrate. We can arranged the effect of plant extraction at the values (ED50): Allium
sativum L., Inula viscos L., Thymus vulgaris L. and Melia azedarach L., Therefore we
recommended to use the ethanol extract of the Allium sativum L., Inula viscos L. as
environment friendly fungicides.
The lack of information about the cultivation of coriander plant in Syria prompted us
to study the effect of four plant densities (33.33،10، 13.33 and 20 plant/m2)، and four levels
of phosphate fertilization (0107.2،160.8، and 214.4 of Superphospha
te 46%) on some
productive and quality traits of the coriander plant. This study was carried out in Tartous
province during the growing season 2014، using Randomized Complete Block design with
a Split Plot arrangement of treatments. The Results revealed that there were significant
differences between the treatments for the whole traits، in addition to a significant
interaction between density and phosphate fertilization. Although the densities (10، 13.33
and 20 plant/m2) varied in their effect، they had superiority upon the
control(33،33)plant/m2، and the density 10 plant/m2 had more important effect in terms of
increasing each of: branches number/plant، seed weight/plant، seeds number/inflorescence،
protein content in plants and seeds and beta carotene and chlorophyll. However، the level
160.8k.g/h of P2O5 increased the number of inflorescences/plant، number of fruits/plant
and seed weight/ inflorescence.
This investigation was done to study the effect of spray for two times with
CaCl2 0.5% and 1%, high potassium fertilizer and dipping with 2% CaCl2, in
addition to packaging with polyethylene films on the storability of pear fruits
"Coscia C.V". Th
e results showed the significant superiority of high potassium
fertilizer treatment on the other treatments concerning total and single sugars
after harvesting time, while there weren't significant differences between the
other treatments concerning the remaining indicators. After four months of
storage, the packaging treatments were able to the significantly reduction of
weight loss, in addition to preserving the firmness and total soluble solids in the
comparison with unpackaged ones, the average of weight loss in unpackaged
treatments was 15% and 0.65% in packaging treatments, which led to stop the
storage of unpackaged treatments and continue packaging treatments until 7
months. After 7 months, the results showed that the dipping with 2% CaCl2
revealed the high weight loss, while was the least with high potassium fertilizer
treatment, on the other hand there were no significant differences between
treatments for firmness, total soluble solids and tetra table acidity, while total
and single sugars showed significant differences between treatments. Moreover,
the sensory tests assured the importance of packaging with CaCl2 treatments to
improve storability and quality of pear fruits, which CaCl2 1% packaging
treatment got the highest values for most of sensory tests.
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