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The prevailing methods of thinking among the mentally talented students in the light of their achievement rates and gender

أساليب التفكير السائدة لدى الطلبة المتفوقين عقلياً في ضوء معدلاتهم التحصيلية و الجنس

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 Publication date 2013
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The study seeks to identify the prevailing methods of thinking among the mentally talented students in the light of their achievement rates and gender. The sample of the research was chosen intentionally. It consists of second secondary grade students from "Top Students Secondary School". The study used the analytic, descriptive method, as well as the Sternberg & Wagner's list of methods of thinking, which was translated by Mr. Abu Hashem. The study showed that the most common methods of thinking for mentally talented students were legislative thinking, and liberal hierarchical thinking. The least common, on the other hand, were conservative thinking, global thinking and executive thinking. The study showed that the relationship between students' scores on certain thinking methods and their achievement rates was very weak. These methods are: legislative, executive, global, local, liberal, conservative, monarchic and anarchic. It was also found out that there was a weak relationship between students' scores on some other thinking methods and their achievement rates. These methods are: judicial methods and minority method. There is a moderate relationship regarding the hierarchical and external thinking. As the study showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the mentally talented male students and students excelling mentally in the following methods of thinking: global, conservative, hierarchical, monarchic, internal and external. This was in favor of males regarding internal thinking, and in favor of females regarding global, conservative, monarchic, hierarchical and external thinking.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تهدف الدراسة إلى الكشف عن أساليب التفكير السائدة لدى الطلبة المتفوقين عقلياً في ضوء معدلاتهم التحصيلية والجنس. تم اختيار عينة مكونة من 60 طالباً وطالبة من الصف الثاني الثانوي في مدرسة ثانوية المتفوقين. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وقائمة أساليب التفكير لستيرنبرج وواجنر. أظهرت النتائج أن أسلوب التفكير التشريعي هو الأكثر شيوعاً، يليه الهرمي والمتحرر، بينما كانت الأساليب الأقل شيوعاً هي المحافظ والعالمي والتنفيذي. كما أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ضعيفة جداً بين درجات الطلبة في أساليب التفكير المختلفة ومعدلاتهم التحصيلية، باستثناء علاقة معتدلة مع الأسلوبين الهرمي والخارجي، وعلاقة سالبة مع التفكير الداخلي. كما تبين وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الذكور والإناث في بعض أساليب التفكير، حيث تفوق الذكور في التفكير الداخلي، بينما تفوقت الإناث في التفكير العالمي والمحافظ والهرمي والملكي والخارجي.
Critical review
تعتبر الدراسة مهمة في مجال التربية الخاصة، حيث تسلط الضوء على أساليب التفكير لدى الطلبة المتفوقين عقلياً. ومع ذلك، يمكن توجيه بعض النقد البناء للدراسة. أولاً، حجم العينة صغير نسبياً (60 طالباً وطالبة) مما قد يؤثر على تعميم النتائج. ثانياً، اقتصرت الدراسة على مدرسة واحدة في محافظة اللاذقية، مما قد يحد من تنوع العينة. ثالثاً، لم تتناول الدراسة تأثير العوامل الاجتماعية والاقتصادية التي قد تؤثر على أساليب التفكير. وأخيراً، بالرغم من استخدام قائمة أساليب التفكير لستيرنبرج وواجنر، إلا أن الاعتماد على أداة واحدة قد لا يكون كافياً لتقديم صورة شاملة عن أساليب التفكير لدى الطلبة المتفوقين عقلياً.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الأساليب الأكثر شيوعاً في التفكير لدى الطلبة المتفوقين عقلياً؟

    أكثر أساليب التفكير شيوعاً هي التفكير التشريعي، يليه التفكير الهرمي والمتحرر.

  2. هل توجد علاقة بين أساليب التفكير ومعدلات التحصيل الدراسي؟

    نعم، توجد علاقة ضعيفة جداً بين معظم أساليب التفكير ومعدلات التحصيل الدراسي، باستثناء علاقة معتدلة مع التفكير الهرمي والخارجي، وعلاقة سالبة مع التفكير الداخلي.

  3. ما هي الفروق بين الذكور والإناث في أساليب التفكير؟

    تفوق الذكور في التفكير الداخلي، بينما تفوقت الإناث في التفكير العالمي والمحافظ والهرمي والملكي والخارجي.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة بناءً على النتائج؟

    توصي الدراسة بإعادة النظر في المقررات الدراسية وتنظيمها وفقاً لأساليب التفكير الشائعة، وتدريب المدرسين على استخدام استراتيجيات تعليمية تتناسب مع هذه الأساليب، وإجراء دراسات مماثلة على عينات أكبر وفي بيئات مختلفة.


References used
BERMARDO, A. Zhang. L. &Callueng, C. (2002). "Thinking Styles and Academic Achievement Among Filipino Students". The Journal of Genetic Psychology. 163 (2). 149-163
DE BONO, E (1976): Teaching Thinking, 1ST, Edition European Services, LID, England
MAYER, E.R (1983): Thinking Problem Solving, 1st, Edition,W.H.Freeman and Company, New York, San Francisco
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